d. to copper utensils, as in Il. ix. 123; xxiv. 233.
e. to a bull, Il. xvi. 488; and to oxen, Od. xviii. 371.
f. to an eagle, Il. xv. 690.
With this word we may take its compound αἴθοψ. It is used
a. for wine, as we have seen.
b. for copper, Il. iv. 495 et alibi.
c. for smoke, Od. x. 152.
We have also the Αἰθίοπες, men of the tawny or swarthy countenance, beneath the Southern sun.
In what manner are we to find a common thread upon which to hang the colours of iron, copper, horses, lions, bulls, eagles, wine, swarthy men, and smoke? We must here again adopt the vague word ‘dark,’ a word of light and not of colour, for the purpose. But as the idea of αἴθω includes flame struggling with smoke, so there may be a flash of light upon the dark object. Ψολόεις, sooty or smutty, belongs to the same group with αἰθαλόεις and αἴθων, and need not, therefore, be separately discussed.
All the remainder of the words noted for examination are to be dealt with in two groups, each referable to a single idea: the first that of motion, and the second that of light.