[564]. Quo occiso (Ucthredo) frater ipsius Eadulf, cognomento Cudel, ignavus valde et timidus ei successit in comitatum. Timens autem ne Scotti mortem suorum quos frater ejus, ut supradictum est, occiderat, in se vindicarent, totum Lodoneium ob satisfactionem et formam concordiam eis donavit. Hoc modo Lodoneium adjectum est regno Scottorum.—Sim. de Obsess. Dun.
[565]. The Annales Cambriæ have, in 1015, ‘Owinus filius Dunawal occisus est,’ which appears to refer to this Owen, and the event is antedated a few years. Duncan is afterwards called ‘rex Cumbrorum’ by the English chroniclers, a title he must have borne independently of that of king of the Scots. Simeon tells us that Aldgetha, daughter of Uchtred, earl of Northumbria, by Elgifa, the daughter of King Ethelred, was married to Maldred, son of Crinan Tein, or the thane, by whom she had Gospatrick, afterwards earl.—Sim. de Obsess. Dun. The hereditary ‘præpositi’ or provosts of the church of Hexham also bore the title of Tein.—Priory of Hexham (Surtees Soc.), vol. i. p. 4. There seems no reason to doubt that Maldred was a son of this same Crinan who was the father of Duncan, and may have been joined with him in the rule of these southern districts. The name Gospatrick comes probably from the British Gwas Patrick, the servant of Saint Patrick, and connects him with Strathclyde.
[566]. Ultra (Tede flumen) usque ad flumen Forthi magni, scilicet, Loonia, et Galweya, et Albania tota, quæ modo Scotia vocatur, et Morovia, et omnes insulæ occidentales oceani usque ad Norwegiam et usque Daciam, scilicet, Kathenessia, Orkaneya, Enchegal, et Man et Ordas et Gurth, et ceteræ insulæ occidentales oceani circa Norwegiam et Daciam.—Chron. Picts and Scots, p. 154. The names of the districts and islands comprehended under Norwegia and Dacia are in a very corrupt form; but a comparison of them with the list of those which sent their quota to the Danish army at Cluantarbh will throw light on their identity (see p. 387, note 5). Kathenessia and Orkaneya correspond with Insicath and Inishore; ‘Man et Ordas et Gurth,’ with ‘Manand, Sgithidh, Lodhusa,’ and ‘Enchegal’ with ‘Airergaidhel.’[‘Enchegal’ with ‘Airergaidhel.’]
In the tract on the Wars of the Gaidhil with the Gaill, Brian is said, when he became king of all Ireland, to have sent a naval expedition upon the sea, ‘and they levied royal tribute from Saxan and Bretan, and Lemnaigh and Alban, and Airergaoidel, and their pledges and hostages, along with the chief tribute’ (p. 137). Here Saxan and Bretan represent Loonia et Galweya. Lemnaigh is the district of the Lennox. Airergaoidel is Argathelia; and all are distinguished from Alban, or the kingdom proper.
[567]. A.D. 1029 Maelcolaim mac Maelbrigdi mic Ruadri Ri Alban mortuus est.—Chron. Picts and Scots, p. 77.
[568]. St. Berchan gives Macbeth a reign of thirty years, which, reckoning from his death in 1058, places its commencement about this time.
[569]. In the Orkneyinga Saga, Airergaidhel, or at least that part of it formerly known as Dalriada, appears under the name of Dali or the Dales, and we are told that Sumarlidi Höldr had possessions in Dali, and that he and his sons were called the Dalveria aett, or the family of the people of Dali. This is, however, the Sumarled who appears in the Chronicle of Man as Somerled Regulus de Herergaidel. His pedigree is given in the Book of Ballimote. He is there said to be son of Gillibrigde, son of Gilliadamnain, son of Solaimh, son of Imergi; and this Imergi, from whom Somerled, slain in 1166, was fourth in descent, and who therefore must have flourished in the early part of the eleventh century, was probably the Jehmarc of the Saxon Chronicle. Caradoc of Llancarvan terms the two kings, kings of Orkney and Ewyst. How Macbeth came to be called king of Orkney will appear hereafter.
[570]. 1034 Maelcolaim mac Cinaetha Ri Alpan ordan iarthair Eorpa uile deg.—Chron. Picts and Scots, p. 77. Ordan means nobility, dignity. The Chronicle of 1165 says, ‘Ipse etiam multas oblationes tam ecclesiis quam clero ea die distribuit’ (Ib. p. 131), which may account for the epithets applied to him.
[571]. 1034 Moelcoluim Rex Scotiæ obiit 7 Kal. Decembri.—Marianus Scotus.
The later chronicles state that he was slain by treachery at Glammis, and Fordun adds, by some of the stock of Constantin and Grym; but this tale is quite inconsistent with the older notices of his death, which clearly imply that he died a natural death.