HISTORY AND ETHNOLOGY.

CHAPTER I.

ADVANCE OF THE ROMANS TO THE FIRTHS OF

FORTH AND CLYDE.

Early notices of the British Isles[29]
B.C. 55. Invasion of Julius Cæsar[31]
A.D. 43. Formation of province in reign of Claudius[33]
A.D. 50. War with the Brigantes[36]
A.D. 69. War with the Brigantes renewed[39]
A.D. 78. Arrival of Julius Agricola as governor[41]
A.D. 79. Second Campaign of Agricola; overruns districts on the Solway[43]
A.D. 80. Third summer; ravages to the Tay[45]
A.D. 81. Fourth summer; fortifies the isthmus between Forth and Clyde[46]
A.D. 82. Fifth summer; visits Argyll and Kintyre[47]
A.D. 83-86. Three years’ war north of the Forth[48]
A.D. 86. Battle of ‘Mons Granpius’[52]
A.D. 120. Arrival of the Emperor Hadrian, and first Roman wall between the Tyne and the Solway[60]

CHAPTER II.

THE ROMAN PROVINCE IN SCOTLAND.

Ptolemy’s description of North Britain [62]
The coast [65]
The Ebudæ [68]
The tribes and their towns [70]
A.D. 139. First Roman wall between the Forth and Clyde. Establishment of the Roman province in Scotland [76]
A.D. 162. Attempt on the province by the natives [79]
A.D. 182. Formidable irruption of tribes north of wall repelled by Marcellus Ulpius [79]
A.D. 201. Revolt of Caledonii and Mæatæ [80]
A.D. 204. Division of Roman Britain into two Provinces [81]
A.D. 208. Campaign of the Emperor Severus in Britain. Situation of the hostile tribes [82]
Roman roads in Scotland [86]
Severus’s wall [89]
A.D. 287. Revolt of Carausius; Britain for ten years independent [91]
A.D. 289. Carausius admitted Emperor [92]
A.D. 294. Carausius slain by Allectus [93]
A.D. 296. Constantius Chlorus recovers Britain [93]
A.D. 306. War of Constantius Chlorus against Caledonians and other Picts [94]
Division of Roman Britain into four provinces [96]
A.D. 360. Province invaded by Picts and Scots [97]
A.D. 364. Ravaged by Picts, Scots, Saxons, and Attacotts [98]
A.D. 369. Province restored by Theodosius [100]
A.D. 383. Revolt by Maximus [104]
A.D. 387. Withdrawal of Roman troops from Britain; first devastation of province by Picts and Scots [105]
A.D. 396. Repelled by Stilicho, who sends a legion to guard the northern wall [105]
A.D. 402. Roman legion withdrawn; second devastation of province [106]
A.D. 406. Again repelled by Stilicho, and army restored [107]
A.D. 407. Constantine proclaimed Emperor. Withdraws the army from Britain; third devastation by Picts and Scots [108]
A.D. 409. Gerontius invites Barbarians to invade empire. Termination of Roman Empire in Britain [111]

CHAPTER III.

BRITAIN AFTER THE ROMANS.