For the sake of convenience of reference, I have referred throughout to the publications of the Kilkenny Archæological Society, later the Royal Historical and Archæological Association, and now the Royal Society of Antiquaries, under the last-named title, giving the year in each instance. An Index to the whole series of their Journal has just been completed by the Society.

JOHN COOKE.

66, Morehampton Road, Dublin,
January, 1903.

CONTENTS

PAGE
Preface, [v]
CHAPTER I.
Stone Monuments, [1]
CHAPTER II.
Stone Monuments​—​continued, [48]
CHAPTER III.
Stone Monuments​—​continued, [80]
CHAPTER IV.
Stone Monuments​—​continued, [108]
CHAPTER V.
Burial Customs: Ogam Stones, [132]
CHAPTER VI.
Raths and Stone Forts, [159]
CHAPTER VII.
The Stone Age, [187]
CHAPTER VIII.
The Bronze Age, [202]
CHAPTER IX.
Lake-dwellings, [251]
CHAPTER X.
Oratories: Early Churches, [277]
CHAPTER XI.
Early Decorated Churches, [308]
CHAPTER XII.
Crosses, [319]
CHAPTER XIII.
Round Towers, [333]
CHAPTER XIV.
Early Christian Art: Metal Work, [345]
CHAPTER XV.
Abbeys and Later Churches: Fonts, [362]
CHAPTER XVI.
Castles, [383]
CHAPTER XVII.
Town Gates and Walls: Bridges, [396]

LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS

FIG. PAGE
KNOCKMANY CHAMBER (see [p. 75]), [Frontispiece]
[1] PILLAR-STONE AT TARA, [9]
[2] PILLAR-STONE NEAR NEWGRANGE, [12]
[3] ‘TOMB OF DATHI,’ RATHCROGHAN, [14]
[4] HOLED-STONE AT TOBERNAVEAN, WOODVILLE, NEAR SLIGO, [18]
[5] HOLED-STONE AT MAINISTER, ARAN MÓR, [20]
[6] HOLED-STONE AT THE ‘CHURCH OF THE MEN,’ INISMURRAY, [21]
[7] ROCK-SCRIBINGS, MEVAGH, CO. DONEGAL, [28]
[8] SCRIBINGS ON SIDES OF KNOCKMORE CAVE, NEAR DERRYGONNELLY, CO. FERMANAGH, [29]
[9] ‘SHIELD PATTERN’ ROCK-SCULPTURE, FROM BROUGHSHANE, CO. ANTRIM, [31]
[10] ‘THE HAG’S CHAIR,’ LOUGHCREW, [39]
[11] ‘DRUID’S JUDGMENT SEAT,’ KILLINEY, [40]
[12] ANCIENT STONE, KILLINEY, [41]
[13] GRAIN-RUBBER, [44]
[14] POT-QUERN, [45]
[15] KERNANSTOWN CROMLECH, CARLOW, [57]
[16] LEGANANNY CROMLECH, CO. DOWN, [62]
[17] BALLYMASCANLAN CROMLECH, [63]
[18] SEPULCHRAL CHAMBER, PHŒNIX PARK, [64]
[19] CROMLECH IN HOWTH DEMESNE, [67]
[20] KILTERNAN CROMLECH, [68]
[21] MOUNT VENUS CROMLECH, [69]
[22] SHANGANAGH CROMLECH, [70]
[23] BRENNANSTOWN CROMLECH, [72]
[24] THE TUMULUS OF NEWGRANGE, CO. MEATH, [82]
[25] PLAN AND SECTION OF NEWGRANGE TUMULUS, [83]
[26] ENTRANCE TO THE PASSAGE LEADING TO THE GREAT CHAMBER, NEWGRANGE, [84]
[27] PLAN AND SECTION OF CHAMBER IN NEWGRANGE TUMULUS, [85]
[28] CARVING ON A STONE AT THE WEST RECESS, [86]
[29] ORNAMENT ON THE ROOF OF THE EAST RECESS, [86]
[30] ORNAMENT ON THE ROOF OF THE EAST RECESS, [87]
[31] SCORING ON STONE IN WEST RECESS, [87]
[32] CARVED STONE IN EAST RECESS, [88]
[33] CARVED STONE IN EAST RECESS, [88]
[34] CARVED STONE ABOVE THE ENTRANCE, [89]
[35] TUMULUS OF DOWTH, FROM THE SOUTH, [92]
[36] ENTRANCE TO THE PASSAGE LEADING TO THE CHAMBER OF DOWTH, [94]
[37] CARVING ON A STONE AT DOWTH, [95]
[38] CARVING ON A STONE AT DOWTH, [95]
[39] ORNAMENTED BONE-FLAKE FROM SLIEVE-NA-CALLIAGHE, [107]
[40] PLAN OF THE DEERPARK MONUMENT, CO. SLIGO, [109]
[41] CAIRN, ON CAIRN’S HILL, CO. SLIGO, [112]
[42] STONES OF THE CIRCLE AT NEWGRANGE, [123]
[43] REMAINS OF STONE CIRCLE NEAR DOWTH, [124]
[44] STONE CIRCLE, BALLYNOE, NEAR DOWNPATRICK, [126]
[45] STONE CIRCLE AT SLIEVE NA GREIDLE, CO. DOWN, [127]
[46] BIRD’S-EYE VIEW OF CALLERNISH CIRCLE AND LINES, [130]
[47] CINERARY URN FROM ONE MAN’S CAIRN, NEAR MOYTURA, [144]
[48] CINERARY URN FROM CO. CARLOW, [145]
[49] CINERARY URN, CO. WICKLOW, [146]
[50] CINERARY URN, CO. CAVAN, [146]
[51] URNS FROM CO. DOWN, [147]
[52] FOOD-VESSEL FROM CIST IN THE PHŒNIX PARK, DUBLIN, [148]
[53] SMALL CINERARY URN, CO. CARLOW, [148]
[54] FOOD-VESSEL FROM GRAVE NEAR BALLYMOTE, CO. SLIGO, [149]
[55] OGAM STONE (CO. KERRY) IN TRINITY COLLEGE, DUBLIN, [152]
[56] OGAM STONE, MONATAGGART, CO. CORK, [154]
[57] PLAN OF SOUTERRAIN, GURTEEN RATH, NEAR MULLINGAR, [164]
[58] PLAN OF TARA, [166]
[59] THE FORRADH, TARA, [167]
[60] RATH OF DOWNPATRICK, [170]
[61] STAIGUE FORT, CO. KERRY, [173]
[62] DUNAMOE FORT, CO. MAYO, [180]
[63] THE ‘SCHOOL HOUSE’ (BEE-HIVE HUT), INISMURRAY, [181]
[64] SECTION OF AN ORDINARY UNDERGROUND BEE-HIVE-SHAPED HUT, [182]
[65] SPEAR- OR JAVELIN-HEAD, [190]
[66] SPEAR-HEAD​—​SCALE, TWO-THIRDS, [190]
[67] LEAF-SHAPED ARROW-HEADS, [192]
[68] TRIANGULAR ARROW-HEADS​—​FIRST TYPE, [192]
[69] TRIANGULAR ARROW-HEADS​—​SECOND TYPE, [193]
[70] VARIOUS TYPES OF STEMMED ARROW-HEADS, [193]
[71] MOUNTED ARROW-HEAD, [194]
[72] FLINT KNIFE, [195]
[73] POLISHED CELT OF FELSTONE​—​SCALE, TWO-THIRDS, [197]
[74] VARIOUS TYPES OF STONE CELTS​—​SCALE, ONE-EIGHTH, [198]
[75] MOUNTED CELT, [198]
[76] SUPPOSED CHAMPION-STONE FOR CASTING, [199]
[77] PERFORATED AXE-HAMMERS OF STONE, [200]
[78] PERFORATED STONE AXE-HAMMERS, [201]
[79] FLAT BRONZE CELT, [207]
[80] CELT WITH LUNETTE-SHAPED EDGE AND RECURVED POINTS, [207]
[81] FLAT AND FLANGED CELTS WITH STOP-RIDGES, [208]
[82] WINGED OR FLANGED CELTS, [208]
[83] DOUBLE-LOOPED FLANGED CELT WITH STOP-RIDGE, [209]
[84] LOOPED CELT WITH ORIGINAL HANDLE, [209]
[85] VARIETIES OF LOOPED SOCKETED CELTS, [211]
[86] CELT MOULD, CO. LEITRIM, [212]
[87] CELT MOULD, CO. DOWN, [212]
[88] VARIETIES OF BRONZE SWORDS FOUND IN IRELAND, [214]
[89] DAGGER HAFTED WITH BRONZE, [216]
[90] UPPER AND LOWER PORTIONS OF SWORD-SHEATH OF BRONZE FROM LISNACROGHERA (NOW IN THE GRAINGER COLLECTION), [219]
[91] UPPER AND LOWER PORTIONS OF SWORD-SHEATH OF BRONZE FROM LISNACROGHERA (NOW IN THE BRITISH MUSEUM), [220]
[92] UPPER AND LOWER PORTIONS OF SWORD-SHEATH OF BRONZE FROM LISNACROGHERA (NOW IN GRAINGER COLLECTION), [220]
[93] VARIETIES OF SPEAR-HEADS OF BRONZE, [223]
[94] ORNAMENTS ON SPEAR-HEADS, [225]
[95] BUTT MOUNTING OF CRANNOG SPEAR-SHAFT, [226]
[96] BRONZE SHIELD FROM LOUGH GUR, [228]
[97] BRONZE BRIDLE-BITS, [231]
[98] TRAPPINGS OF BRONZE, CALLED ‘HEAD-STALLS,’ FOUND WITH BRONZE BRIDLE-BITS, [232]
[99] BRONZE CALDRON, ACADEMY COLLECTION, [233]
[100] BRONZE DISH FROM CLOONFINLOUGH CRANNOG, CO. ROSCOMMON, [235]
[101] BRONZE TRUMPETS, ACADEMY COLLECTION, NATIONAL MUSEUM, [236]
[102] DISC AND PENANNULAR TYPES OF RING-PINS, [238]
[103] BRONZE FIBULA, [239]
[104] BRONZE HINGE-BROOCH, [239]
[105] BRONZE ARMLETS, [240]
[106] GOLD TORQUES, ROYAL IRISH ACADEMY COLLECTION, [244]
[107] GOLD LUNETTE, OR MIN, ROYAL IRISH ACADEMY COLLECTION, [246]
[108] GOLD TIARA, OR DIADEM, ROYAL IRISH ACADEMY COLLECTION, [247]
[109] GOLD FIBULA, TRINITY COLLEGE, DUBLIN, [248]
[110] LAKE-DWELLINGS IN LOUGH EYES, CO. FERMANAGH, [253]
[111] BONE PINS, &C., FROM LAKE-DWELLINGS IN COUNTIES SLIGO, LEITRIM, AND ROSCOMMON, [260]
[112] GLASS BEADS FROM LAKE-DWELLINGS, [261]
[113] COMB FROM LAGORE LAKE-DWELLING, [261]
[114] COMB FROM BALLINDERRY LAKE-DWELLING, [261]
[115] COMB (RESTORED) FROM ARDAKILLIN LAKE-DWELLING, [262]
[116] SECTION OF ARDAKILLIN LAKE-DWELLING, CO. ROSCOMMON, [262]
[117] COOKING-VESSEL FROM LOUGH EYES, CO. FERMANAGH, [273]
[118] HORN DRINKING-CUP, [274]
[119] WOODEN METHER, OR DRINKING-CUP, [274]
[120] ‘DUG-OUTS,’ OR CANOES, [275]
[121] CLOCHAUN NA CARRIAGE, ARAN ISLAND, [278]
[122] PLAN OF MONASTIC SETTLEMENT, SKELLIG MICHAEL, [280]
[123] THE GREAT SKELLIG, OR SKELLIG MICHAEL, [281]
[124] BEE-HIVE CELLS, SKELLIG MICHAEL, [281]
[125] ORATORY OF KILMALKEDAR, [283]
[126] BEE-HIVE HOUSE, ON BISHOP’S ISLAND, NEAR KILKEE, [284]
[127] ST. SENAN’S ORATORY, ON BISHOP’S ISLAND, NEAR KILKEE, [285]
[128] PLAN OF CASHEL AND MONASTIC SETTLEMENT, INISMURRAY, [287]
[129] DOORWAY, CHURCH OF ST. COLMAN MAC DUACH, ARAN ISLAND, [289]
[130] WINDOW, TEAMPULL CEANANNACH, OR KILCANANAGH, ARAN, [290]
[131] WINDOW, TERMONCRONAN, CO. CLARE, [291]
[132] CHANCEL ARCH OF THE OLD CHURCH OF KILLINEY, CO. DUBLIN, [293]
[133] DOORWAY IN KILLINEY CHURCH, CO. DUBLIN, [294]
[134] POINTED DOORWAY IN KILLINEY CHURCH, [294]
[135] ST. MAC DARA’S CHURCH, [296]
[136] DOORWAY OF THE CHURCH OF OUR LADY, GLENDALOUGH, [299]
[137] CHANCEL ARCH, TRINITY CHURCH, GLENDALOUGH, [302]
[138] ST. COLUMBA’S HOUSE AT KELLS, CO. MEATH, [305]
[139] WINDOW IN ST. COLUMBA’S HOUSE (FROM THE INTERIOR), [306]
[140] CAPITALS AT KILLESHIN, [311]
[141] CAPITALS AT KILLESHIN, [311]
[142] WINDOW AT KILLESHIN, [312]
[143] THE ROCK OF CASHEL, [313]
[144] INTERIOR VIEW OF KING CORMAC’S CHAPEL, [314]
[145] DOORWAY AT FRESHFORD, CO. KILKENNY, [317]
[146] EARLY CROSSES ON SEPULCHRAL SLABS AT CLONMACNOISE, [320]
[147] CROSS ON SLAB, CLONMACNOISE, [321]
[148] CROSS ON SLAB, CLONMACNOISE, [322]
[149] CROSS ON SLAB, CLONMACNOISE, [322]
[150] GREAT CROSS OF MONASTERBOICE, [324]
[151] ORNAMENT BENEATH ARM OF THE GREAT CROSS, MONASTERBOICE, [325]
[152] CROSS OF MUIREDACH, SOMETIMES CALLED THE SMALLER CROSS, MONASTERBOICE, [326]
[153] PORTION OF THE SCULPTURE ON THE CROSS OF MUIREDACH, [327]
[154] BOSS OF THE THIRD CROSS, MONASTERBOICE, [329]
[155] INSCRIBED TOMBSTONE, INISCALTRA, [330]
[156] PLAN OF CEMETERY, KILNASAGGART, NEAR JONESBOROUGH, CO. ARMAGH, [331]
[157] DOORWAY, ROUND TOWER, GLENDALOUGH, [336]
[158] CROSS OVER THE DOORWAY OF ANTRIM TOWER, [337]
[159] DOORWAY, DONAGHMORE TOWER, CO. MEATH, [337]
[160] WINDOW, ROUND TOWER, CASHEL, [338]
[161] CLONDALKIN ROUND TOWER, [339]
[162] DOORWAY OF CLONDALKIN TOWER, [340]
[163] DOORWAY OF KILDARE TOWER, [342]
[164] ROUND TOWER, DEVENISH, [343]
[165] BELL OF CHUMASCACH MAC AILELLO, [348]
[166] THE CROSS OF CONG, [354]
[167] CHALICE OF ARDAGH, [357]
[168] THE TARA BROOCH, [360]
[169] NEWTOWNTRIM ABBEY, CO. MEATH, [367]
170 BECTIVE ABBEY, NEAR TRIM, CO. MEATH, [369]
[171] CHOIR ARCH OF CANNISTOWN CHURCH, [371]
[172] ST. DOULOUGH’S CHURCH, CO. DUBLIN, [373]
[173] ST. DOULOUGH’S WELL, [375]
[174] KILCARN FONT, CO. MEATH, [380]
[175] KILCARN FONT​—​NO. 1, [381]
[176] KILCARN FONT​—​NO. 2, [381]
[177] KILCARN FONT​—​NO. 3, [382]
[178] KILCARN FONT​—​NO. 4, [382]
[179] MALAHIDE CASTLE, CO. DUBLIN, [385]
[180] CASTLE OF TRIM, CO. MEATH, [387]
[181] SCURLOUGHSTOWN CASTLE, [393]
[182] BULLOCK CASTLE, NEAR KINGSTOWN, CO. DUBLIN, [394]
[183] ST. LAURENCE’S GATE, DROGHEDA, [397]
[184] THE WEST GATE, DROGHEDA, [398]
[185] THE ‘SHEEP’ GATE AND YELLOW STEEPLE, TRIM, CO. MEATH, [399]

HANDBOOK OF IRISH ANTIQUITIES

CHAPTER I
STONE MONUMENTS.