“O Jew, an upright judge, a learned judge!”
[263] Four other figures should be mentioned: metonymy, synecdoche, allusion, and hyperbole.
Metonymy calls one thing by the name of another which is closely related to the first. The most common relations are cause and effect, container and thing contained, and sign and the thing signified.
“From the cradle to the grave is but a day.”
“I did dream of money-bags to-night.”
Synecdoche is that figure of speech in which a part is put for the whole, or the whole for a part.
“Fifty sail came into harbor.”
“The redcoats are marching.”
Allusion is a reference to something in history or literature with which every one is supposed to be acquainted.
“A Daniel come to judgment! yea, a Daniel!”