[15] In the old German ‘Faustbuch,’ the title of ‘Prince of the North’ is given to Beelzebub.
[16] Demogorgon, or Demiourgos—the creative principle of evil—figures largely in literature. He is first mentioned by Lactantius, in the fourth century; then by Boccaccio, Boiardo, Tasso (‘Gierusalemme Liberata’), and Ariosto (‘Orlando Furioso’). Marlowe speaks, in ‘Tamburlaine,’ of ‘Gorgon, prince of Hell.’ Spenser, in ‘The Faery Queen,’ refers to—
‘Great Gorgon, prince of darkness and dead night,
At which Cocytus quakes, and Styx is put to flight.’
Milton, in ‘Paradise Lost,’ alludes to ‘the dreaded name of Demogorgon.’ Dryden says: ‘When the moon arises, and Demogorgon walks his round.’ And he is one of the dramatis personæ of Shelley’s ‘Prometheus Unbound’: ‘Demogorgon, a tremendous gloom.... A mighty Darkness, filling the seat of power.’
[17] Boasts. So in Peele’s ‘Edward I’: ‘As thou to England brought’st thy Scottish braves.’
[18] This reiteration of the same final word, for the sake of emphasis, is found in Shakespeare.
[19] A corner or college cap.
[20] An allusion to the old legend that Brut, or Brutus, great-grandson of Æneas, founded New Troy (Troynovant), or London.
[21] Probably the reference is to the sunflower.
[22] The classic writers usually identify the hyacinth with Apollo.