[2] Vinogradoff, Villeinage in England, p. 257.
[3] Maitland, Domesday Book and Beyond, pp. 341 et seq.
[4] Stubbs, Constitutional History, §36.
[5] Vinogradoff, English Society in the Eleventh Century, p. 282, says, 'As a rule it was not subject to redivision.'
[6] Cunningham, Growth of English Industry and Commerce, i. 42.
[7] Maitland, op. cit. p. 368.
[8] Anonymous Treatise on Husbandry, Royal Historical Society, pp. xli. and 68. About 1230, Smyth, in his Lives of the Berkeleys, i. 113, says, 'At this time lay all lands in common fields, in one acre or ridge, one man's intermixt with another.'
[9] See below.
[10] Cunningham, Growth of English Industry and Commerce, i. 74. Maitland thinks the two-field system was as common as the three-field, both in early and mediaeval times. Domesday Book and Beyond, p. 366.
[11] Nasse, Agricultural Community of the Middle Ages, p. 5. To-day harvest generally commences about August 1, so that this, like the growth of grapes in mediaeval times, seems to show our climate has grown colder.