Table of Contents

[PREFACE][v]
[CONTENTS][ix]
[LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS][xiii]
[PHONETIC SYSTEM][xvii]
[Map.][xviii]
I. [INTRODUCTION][1]
[Methods][7]
II. [THE TODA PEOPLE][18]
[The Village and the House][23]
[The Daily Life of the Todas][31]
[Sketch of Social Organisation][34]
III. [DAIRIES AND BUFFALOES][38]
[The Dairy Organisation][39]
[The Dairy][43]
[The Toda Buffalo][47]
[Dairy Procedure][49]
[The Care of the Ordinary Buffaloes][52]
IV. [THE VILLAGE DAIRY][56]
[The Tarvali][61]
[The Kudrpali][66]
[The Wursuli][71]
[The Daily Life of the Wursol][74]
[The Kugvali of Taradr][76]
[The Dairy of Kanòdrs][79]
[The Teivali Dairy][81]
V. [THE TI DAIRY][83]
[The Daily Life at the Ti][92]
[The Palol][98]
[The Kaltmokh][105]
[The Mòrol][107]
[New Dairy Vessels][108]
[The Five Ti][110]
[The Nòdrs Ti][111]
[The Kars Ti][116]
[The Pan Ti][118]
[The Kwòdrdoni Ti][120]
[The Nidrsi Ti][122]
VI. [BUFFALO MIGRATIONS][123]
[Migrations of the Village Buffaloes][124]
[Migration of the Ti Buffaloes][130]
VII. [ORDINATION CEREMONIES][144]
[The Palikartmokh][145]
[The Wursol][147]
[The Kugvalikartmokh of Taradr and the Pohkartpol of Kanòdrs][150]
[The Kaltmokh][151]
[The Ordination of the Palol][153]
[The Tesherst Ceremony][154]
[The Niroditi Ceremony][157]
VIII. [SPECIAL DAIRY CEREMONIES][166]
[The Pepkaricha Ceremony][166]
[The Irpalvusthi Ceremony][172]
[Giving Salt To Buffaloes][175]
[The Ponup Ceremony][177]
IX. [THE TODA GODS][182]
[Pithi][184]
[Ön][184]
[Teikirzi][186]
[Teipakh, or Tirshti][187]
[Anto][188]
[Kulinkars][188]
[Nòtirzi][189]
[Korateu or Kuzkarv][190]
[Puzi and Kurindo][192]
[Kwoten, Teikuteidi, and Elnâkhum][193]
[Kwoto or Meilitars][203]
[Other Gods][210]
X. [PRAYER][213]
[The Village Prayer][217]
[Prayer of Kuudr][217]
[Prayer of Kiudr][220]
[Prayer of Kwirg][222]
[The Prayer of the Kanòdrs Dairy][222]
[The ti Prayer][223]
[The Anto Prayer][224]
[The Prayer of Makars][226]
XI. [THE DAIRY RITUAL][231]
[Comparison of the Procedure of Different Dairies][232]
[The Sanctity of Milk][239]
[Special Dairy Customs][241]
[Purity and Impurity][244]
[Women and the Dairy][245]
[History of the Dairy][246]
XII. [DIVINATION AND MAGIC][249]
[Divination][249]
[Sorcery][255]
[The Evil Eye][263]
[Various Magical Remedies][265]
[Omens][273]
XIII. [SACRIFICE AND OFFERINGS][274]
[The Erkumptthpimi Ceremony][274]
[The Sacrifice at the Ti][285]
[The Erkumptthpimi Prayer of Kuudr][288]
[The Kars Prayer][289]
[The Teutütusthchi Ceremony][290]
[Offerings][292]
[Irnörtiti to the Ti][293]
[Irnörtiti, Tuninörtiti and Pilinörtiti][294]
[The Irnörtiti Ceremony][300]
[Tuninörtiti][305]
[Pilinörtiti][306]
XIV. [BIRTH AND CHILDHOOD CEREMONIES][313]
[The Pursütpimi Ceremony][319]
[Childbirth][323]
[Seclusion after Childbirth][324]
[Uncovering the Child’s Face][331]
[Naming the Child][332]
[The Tersamptpimi Ceremony][333]
[The Ear-piercing Ceremony][334]
XV. [FUNERAL CEREMONIES][337]
[The Puzhutpimi Ceremony][344]
[The Tiveri tûr Ceremony][347]
[The Slaughter of the Buffaloes.][349]
[The Cloth-giving Ceremony][358]
[The Cremation][361]
[Some Special Funeral Ceremonies][365]
[The Interval between the two Funerals][367]
XVI. [FUNERAL CEREMONIES—continued][372]
[The Marvainolkedr][372]
[The Koòtiti Ceremony][375]
[The Azaramkedr][378]
[Funeral Laments][384]
[Purification Ceremonies][389]
[The Funerals of Children][391]
[Funeral Contributions][395]
[Amnòdr][397]
[Origin of Funeral Customs][400]
XVII. [SACRED DAYS AND NUMBERS][405]
[The Madnol and Palinol][405]
[The arpatznol.][407]
[Sacred Numbers][412]
XVIII. [SACRED PLACES AND OBJECTS][417]
[Hills and Other Places.][417]
[Rivers][418]
[Villages][419]
[The Dairy][422]
[The Threshold][423]
[Bells][424]
[Relics][428]
[The Buffalo and its Milk][428]
[Other Animals][431]
[Trees and Plants][433]
[The Sun, Light, and Fire][436]
[Stones][438]
XIX. [THE TODA RELIGION][442]
[The Gods][443]
[Influence of other Religious Systems][457]
[Magic and Religion][459]
XX. [GENEALOGIES AND POPULATION][461]
[The Value of the Genealogical Record][465]
[The Trustworthiness of the Genealogies][467]
[Buffalo Pedigrees][470]
[The Toda Population][471]
[Proportion of the Sexes][477]
[Twins][480]
[The Determination of Age][480]
XXI. [KINSHIP][483]
[Kinship Taboos][494]
[Kinship Salutations][496]
[The Duties of Kin][498]
XXII. [MARRIAGE][502]
[The Regulation of Marriage][504]
[Kinship and Marriage][509]
[The Marriage of Matchuni][512]
[Polyandry][515]
[Polygyny][521]
[Exchange of Brother and Sister][522]
[The Custom of ‘Terersthi’][523]
[Divorce][525]
[The Mokhthoditi Institution][526]
[Sexual Morality][529]
[The History of Pinpurz Kutan][537]
XXIII. [SOCIAL ORGANISATION][540]
[The Clan][540]
[The Kudr][542]
[The Pòlm][544]
[Laws of Descent][546]
[Adoption][549]
[Government][550]
[Crime][553]
[Suicide][555]
[The Monegar][555]
[Headmen][556]
[Property][557]
[Debt and Servitude][566]
[The Position of Women][566]
XXIV. [ARTS AND AMUSEMENTS][570]
[Clothing][571]
[Methods of Wearing the Hair][574]
[Skin-marks][576]
[Ornaments][579]
[Food][580]
[Fire-making][581]
[The House][583]
[Implements and Utensils][585]
[The Pounder, Sieve, and Broom][585]
[Weapons][586]
[Measures and Numerals][588]
[Money][590]
[The Calendar][590]
[The Week][591]
[Astronomical Ideas][592]
[The Sun][592]
[The Moon][592]
[Planets][593]
[Constellations and Stars][593]
[Games][596]
[Riddles][599]
[Poetry and Music][600]
XXV. [LANGUAGE][602]
[Phonetics][605]
[Sacred Language][614]
[Secret Language][616]
XXVI. [PERSONAL NAMES][619]
[Change of Name][625]
[Taboos on Names][626]
XXVII. [RELATIONS WITH OTHER TRIBES][628]
[Todas and Badagas][630]
[Todas and Kotas][635]
[Todas and Kurumbas][641]
[Todas and Irulas][642]
XXVIII. [THE CLANS OF THE TODAS][643]
[The Tarthar Clans][643]
[Nòdrs][643]
[Kars][648]
[Pan][651]
[Taradr][653]
[Keradr][655]
[Kanòdrs][655]
[Kwòdrdoni][657]
[Päm][658]
[Nidrsi][659]
[Melgars][660]
[Kidmad and Karsh][664]
[The Teivali Clans][666]
[Kuudr][666]
[Piedr][670]
[Kusharf][672]
[Keadr][674]
[Pedrkars][675]
[Kulhem][677]
XXIX. [TEIVALIOL AND TARTHAROL][679]
XXX. [THE ORIGIN AND HISTORY OF THE TODAS][693]
I. [APPENDIX I][719]
II. [BIBLIOGRAPHY][731]
III. [List of Toda Villages (not including ti mad)][734]
IV. [APPENDIX IV][738]
[GLOSSARY][741]
[INDEX][749]
[GENEALOGICAL TABLES.][981]