What are the leading works of this period?
What affliction developed in 1800?
What years compose the second period?
What changes came into his style?
Name the leading works of the second period.
Tell about Beethoven’s later life, from 1815 on.
What are the leading works of this last period?
Describe the personality of Beethoven.
LESSON XXXIII.
Beethoven and the Sonata.
Bach and Beethoven Contrasted.—We now consider the exact nature of the work which Beethoven did, in distinction from that of Haydn and Mozart. It has been said that Bach gave the Old Testament in music, while Beethoven gave the New; that is, that Bach consummated the old polyphonic school, while Beethoven did an equal work for the new harmonic school. Yet this is only a half truth; for Bach, besides perfecting former styles, gave glimpses of modern chromatic modulation and free expression; while Beethoven, a student of the old masters, employed polyphonic forms as well as harmonic, making all work together to translate his thought, and so moulding them into a means of portraying every emotion as to open the door forever to the untrammelled presentment of thought, through the medium of music.