(1) Parnassius clodius, Ménétries, Plate XXXIX, Figs. 7, 9, ♂; Figs. 8, 10, ♁ (Clodius).
Butterfly.—The species may be distinguished from the following by the uniformly larger size and the more translucent outer margins of the fore wings in the male. Expanse, ♂, 2.50-2.75 inches; ♁, 2.50-3.00 inches.
Early Stages.—These await study. The egg and young larva were described by W.H. Edwards in the "Canadian Entomologist," vol. xi, p. 142, but we have no account of the later stages. The caterpillar feeds on Sedum and Saxifraga.
Clodius is found upon the mountains of California in spring and early summer. It is, like all its congeners, an alpine or boreal species.
(2) Parnassius smintheus, Doubleday and Hewitson, Plate XXXIX, Fig. 3, ♂; Fig. 4, ♁; var. behri, Edwards, Fig. 1, ♂; Fig. 2, ♁; var. hermodur, Henry Edwards, Fig. 6, ♁; mate of hermodur, Fig. 5, ♂ (Smintheus).
Butterfly.—This very beautiful insect is greatly subject to variation, and the plate shows a few of the more striking forms, of which the dark female, named hermodur by the late Henry Edwards, is one of the most beautiful. Expanse, ♂, 2.00-2.50 inches; ♁, 2.25-3.00 inches.
Smintheus is found at proper elevations upon the mountains from Colorado to California, and from New Mexico to Montana. The life-history is most exquisitely delineated by Edwards in "The Butterflies of North America," vol. iii.
The caterpillar feeds on Sedum and Saxifraga.
Genus PAPILIO, Linnæus
(The Swallowtails)