Briefly, the several stages in the development of tools and implements may be seriated as follows:
| Stages | Typical materials | Typical products | Essential ideas |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1. Zoomimic | Bestial organs | Awls, spears, harpoons, arrows. | Zootheistic faith. |
| A. Transitional | Symbolized organs | Piercing and tearing implements. | Faith + craft. |
| 2. Protolithic | Natural stones | Hammers and grinders— hupfs and ahsts. | Mechanical chance. |
| B. Transitional | Cleft stones | Grinders and cutters | Chance + craft. |
| 3. Technolithic | Artificialized stones. | Chipped, battered, and polished implements. | Designed shapement by molar action. |
| C. Transitional | Malleable native metals. | Copper celts, gold ornaments, etc. | Designed shapement by molar action + chance heating. |
| 4. Metal | Smelted ores | Steel tools, etc. | Shapement by molar and molecular action. |
BUREAU OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY
SEVENTEENTH ANNUAL REPORT PL. LI
THE HELIOTYPE PRINTING CO., BOSTON
NATURAL PEBBLE CONSIDERABLY USED AS HAMMER, GRINDER, AND ANVIL (TOP AND EDGE)
BUREAU OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY
SEVENTEENTH ANNUAL REPORT PL. LII
THE HELIOTYPE PRINTING CO., BOSTON