Page 162.—A sergeant at-arms his mace. In Old English his was often put in this way after proper names, which had no genitive (or possessive) inflection. In the 16th century it came to be used frequently in place of the possessive ending -s. It was occasionally used in the 17th and 18th centuries, when some grammarians adopted the false theory that the possessive ending was a contraction of his. The construction occurs now and then in Shakespeare; as in Twelfth Night, iii. 3. 26: "the count his galleys," etc.

Page 191.—An age of music. Such was the Elizabethan age. Shakespeare himself had a hearty love of music, and evidently a good knowledge of the science, as the many allusions to it in his works abundantly prove. No less than thirty-two of the plays contain interesting references to music and musical matters in the text; and there are also over three hundred stage-directions of a musical nature scattered through thirty-six of the plays. Mr. Edward W. Naylor, in his Shakespeare and Music (London, 1896), says: "We find that in the 16th and 17th centuries a practical acquaintance with music was a regular part of the education of the sovereign, gentlemen of rank, and the higher middle class.... There is plenty of evidence that the lower classes were as enthusiastic about music as the higher. A large number of passages in contemporary authors show clearly that singing in parts (especially of 'catches') was a common amusement with blacksmiths, colliers, cloth-workers, cobblers, tinkers, watchmen, country-parsons, and soldiers.... If ever a country deserved to be called musical, that country was England in the 16th and 17th centuries. King and courtier, peasant and ploughman, each could 'take his part,' with each music was a part of his daily life.... In this respect, at any rate, the 'good old days' were indeed better than those we now see. Even a public-house song in Elizabeth's day was a canon in three parts, a thing which could only be managed 'first time through' nowadays by the very first rank of professional singers."

Page 204.—Sweet hearts. This must not be supposed to be a misprint for Sweethearts, which was originally two words and often used as a tender or affectionate address. Sweetheart occurs in Shakespeare only in The Winters Tale, iv. 4. 664: "take your sweetheart's hat," etc.

FOOTNOTES:

[6] Richard Burbage (1567?-1619) was a noted English actor. He made his fame at the Blackfriars and the Globe, of which he was a proprietor. He excelled in tragedy, and is said to have been the original Hamlet, Lear, and Othello. He was a painter as well as an actor. When this fire occurred at the Globe Theatre, he narrowly escaped with his life.

[INDEX]

A-B-C book, [101].
abracadabra, [88].
absey, [102].
Adam Bell, [203], [241].
Adonai, [245].
a-good, [236].
ale-tasters, [40].
Alveston, [28], [31].
Ambrose, Earl of Warwick, [75], [171].
amulets, [87].
amusements, indoor, [67].
Anne, Lady, [8].
apricocks, [208], [244].
archery, [142].
Arden, Forest of, [222].
Arden, Richard, [53].
articles (in grammar), [226].
Ascham, Roger, [96], [115], [143], [224].
ash-tree (in charms), [89].
Aubrey, John, [184], [236].
Avon, the, [24].
backgammon, [70].
bait (in hawking), [157].
ball-games, [123].
Bancroft, the, [45].
Barclay, Alexander, [126], [230].
barley-break, [124].
base-ball, [123].
bat-fowling, [153].
bay-leaf (as charm), [90].
Baynes, Professor, [145], [231].
Bear (of Warwick), [4].
bear-baiting, [132].
bearing-cloth, [82].
Beauchamp, Richard, [7], [9].
Beauchamp, Thomas, [7].
beer, [58].
bells (of hawk), [157].
beshrew, [223].
Bevis, [203], [241].
bewrayeth, [228].
bid a base, [125].
bird-bolt, [145].
blind-man's-buff, [122].
Bolingbroke, Henry, [15].
bone-fires, [187].
Book of Riddles, [67], [71].
Books of Nurture, [60].
books, popular, [71].
bordarii, [28].
bottom (of thread), [73].
boundary elm, [174].
brach, [231].
bread, [58].
bride-ale, [184].
Brinsley, John, [66], [109], [229].
broken coxcomb, [203], [242].
Browne, Sir Thomas, [173], [235].
Browne, William, [183], [235].
Bullein, William, [56], [219].
Burbage, Richard, [234].
Bursall, Thomas, [33].
Burton, Robert, [57], [90], [127], [219], [224].
Butler, Bishop, [127], [230].
butts, [41], [217].
caddises, [202], [240].
Cage, the, [172], [234].
caitch, [230].
calendars, [223].
cankers (=canker-worms), [79], [222].
cantabanqui, [203], [241].
cappers, [16], [215].
caps, statute, [41], [203], [242].
caraways, [62], [83], [219], [223].
card-playing, [69].
caret, [227].
Carew, Richard, [185], [236].
chambers (cannon), [170], [234].
changelings, [84].
chantry, [32], [216].
Chapel Lane, [45].
Charlecote Hall, [19].
charms, [87].
chess, [71], [221].
chiding, [231].
children, training of, [60].
chimneys, [51].
chrisom, [81].
Christ Cross row, [101].
christenings, [80].
christening shirts, [82].
Christmas, [190].
clap in the clout, [144].
Clopton House, [192].
Clopton, Hugh, [33], [192].
Clopton, William, [193], [238].
closely (=secretly), [161].
Clymme of the Clough, [203], [241].
cock-fighting, [136].
cock-throwing, [138].
Colbrand, [10], [11].
coldest fault, [231].
Colet, Dean, [136], [231].
compass of a pale, [209], [244].
conceit (=intellect), [229].
confound (=ruin), [209], [244].
Corporation, Stratford, [39].
correctors for the print, [228].
Coryat, Thomas, [55], [219].
Cotgrave, Randle, [156], [232].
Cotsall, [147].
cottagers (feudal), [28].
counters, [239].
countervail, [229].
coursing, [147].
Coventry, [4], [14].
Coventry churches, [215].
coxcomb (=head), [203], [242].
craft-guilds, [34].
craven, [137].
cried upon it, [232].
cross-row, [101].
curtsy, [61], [219].
dagswain, [54].
deer-stealing, [21].
detest (=detested), [220].
dill (in magic), [222].
discovered (=uncovered), [162].
Drayton, Michael, [3], [123], [213].
drink-hael, [192].
drinks, [58].
ducking-stool, [40].
Dudley, Ambrose, [75], [171], [234].
Dudley, Robert, [7], [12].
Dugdale, William, [4], [16], [213].
dun cow, the, [10], [214].
Dun in the mire, [127].
dwelling-houses, [49].
Dyer, John, [193], [238].
Easter, [172].
elder-tree (in charms), [89].
Ellacombe, H. N., [209], [244].
Elohim, [245].
embossed, [231].
enfranchisement, [228].
English, neglect of, [106].
entend, [228].
enter children, to, [220].
E. R., [21], [244].
erring, [222].
Eton, May-day at, [178].
Eton, whipping at, [114].
evil eye, the, [85].
extravagant, [222].
eyas, [154].
fairing, [204].
fairs, [30], [198], [201].
fairy rings, [222].
falconet, [156].
featliest, [235].
fern-seed, [188].
Field, Henry, [53].
fill-horse, [240].
filliping the toad, [139].
fishing, [132].
flawns, [239].
flewed, [231].
flight (arrow), [145].
fond (=foolish), [117].
food, [57].
fool (a dish), [239].
fool (in pity), [231].
foot-ball, [125].
forehand shaft, [144].
forked heads (of arrows), [231].
forks, [55], [66].
Forman, Simon, [22], [215].
Four Sons of Aymon, The, [67], [71].
fowling, [151].
Friar Tuck, [179], [180], [221].
frumenty, [239].
furmenty, [239].
furniture, household, [52].
Furnivall, F. J., [66], [194].
games and sports, [121].
garden-craft in Shakespeare, [208].
gardens, Stratford, [51].
Gastrell, Rev. Francis, [51], [218].
George, Duke of Clarence, [9], [38].
Gesta Romanorum, [77], [221].
Gifford, William, [127], [230].
Giletta of Narbonne, [76], [221].
glisters, [232].
Godiva, [19].
gospel-trees, [174].
gossips' feast, [82].
Grammar School, Stratford, [38], [95].
Greene, Robert, [90], [224].
Guild chapel, [37], [96], [102], [202].
Guild, the Stratford, [34].
Guy of Warwick, [5], [9], [67], [71], [203].
Guy's Cliff, [9].
haggard (noun), [154].
handkerchiefs, [65].
handy-dandy, [129].
hang-hog, [226].
hare-hunting, [150].
Harrison, William, [52], [54], [58], [199], [218].
harry-racket, [122].
Harsnet, Samuel, [224].
harvest-home, [195].
hawking, [153].
Hell-mouth, [17].
Hentzner, Paul, [196], [239].
Herod (in old plays), [17], [215].
Heron, Robert, [86], [223].
Herrick, Robert, [196], [206], [240].
herse, [214].
Heywood, John, [190], [236].
hide-and-seek, [122].
hock-cart, [197].
hooded (hawk), [156].
hoodman-blind, [122], [230].
hook (=shepherd's crook), [235].
Hooker, Richard, [174], [235].
hopharlots, [54].
horn-book, [96].
horse, description of, [147].
horse (plural), [160], [232].
housen, [237].
Hundred Merry Tales, The, [67], [71].
Hunt, Thomas, [96], [115].
hunting, [145].
imp (=child), [7], [214].
incurious, [243].
Ingon, [192], [237].
inhooped, [137].
inkles, [240].
irks, [231].
ivy-bush (vintner's sign), [241].
James I. (his Demonology), [91].
jauncing, [232].
jesses, [157].
John of Stratford, [31], [32].
Johnson, Richard, [234].
joint-stools, [53].
Jones, Dr. John, [75], [221].
Jonson, Ben, [81], [118], [127], [188].
juggler (with ape), [241].
junkets, [243].
Kemp, William, [233].
Kenilworth, [4], [12], [132], [230].
Knight, Charles, [172], [181], [194], [202], [221].
knots (in garden), [207], [244].
lamb-ale, [184].
Laneham, Robert, [13], [215].
Latin (at school), [103].
Latin (in exorcisms), [98], [225].
latten, [81].
laund, [222].
leet-ale, [184].
leets, [40], [43], [184].
let down the wind, [157].
likes (=suits), [228].
lill-lill, [124].
Lilly, William, [105], [227].
Lodge, Thomas, [89], [224].
loggats, [122], [230].
Lord of Misrule, [192], [237].
Lucy, Sir Thomas, [20], [215].
Lupton, Thomas, [86], [223].
Lyttleton, Sir Thomas, [38].
Mab, [73], [74].
Macbeth, [79].
Maid Marian, [179], [181].
malkin, [240].
Mamillius, [74].
man (=tame), [154].
manor, [217].
marchpane, [83], [223].
market cross (Stratford), [44], [92].
markets, [198].
Markham, Gervase, [153].
marmalet, [83], [223].
Mantuan, the, [105].
mawkin, [240].
May-day, [176].
meals, [58], [61].
means (=tenors), [239].
Melton, John, [88].
merest loss, [232].
mews, [158].
micher, [112].
Midsummer Eve, [186].
moralities, [161].
More, Sir Thomas, [138], [231].
Morisco, [235].
morris-board, [130].
morris-dance, [179], [184], [233].
Mowbray, Thomas, [15].
Mulcaster, Richard, [106], [130], [227], [230].
musits, [232].
muss, [128].
napery, [240].
napkin, [65].
Neville, Richard, [8].
New Place, [33], [217].
nine-holes, [123].
nine men's morris, [129].
Nine Worthies, the, [18].
nuntions, [58].
O!—vocativo, O! [227].
'od's nouns, [226].
o'erlooked (=bewitched), [87].
offices, [237].
Old and New Style, [233].
orpine, [189].
pageants, [236].
painted cloths, [53].
Painter, William, [75], [221].
pale (=enclosure), [207], [244].
palle-malle, [230].
palmer, [236].
pardoner, [236].
Paris Garden, [135], [230].
passioning, [236].
Peacham, Henry, [96], [113], [114], [224].
penny-prick, [69].
penthouse, [50].
perambulation of parish, [74].
Percy, Thomas, [168], [234].
pigeon-holes (game), [70].
pinfold, [45], [217].
pitching the bar, [123].
plucking geese, [139].
poaching, [21].
pomander, [240].
pomegranate-flowers (as charm), [90].
pose (=cold in head), [52].
posies (in rings), [53], [199], [240].
prabbles, [227].
prank them up, [240].
preeches, [227], [229].
present (=immediate), [229].
prisoners' base, [124].
proceed in learning, [229].
properties, [243].
Puck, [74].
pummets, [70].
quack (=hoarseness), [52].
quails (for fighting), [137].
race (=root), [239].
raisins o' the sun, [239].
Ralph of Stratford, [31], [33].
rear-suppers, [58].
reredos, [52].
Rhodes, Hugh, [60], [219].
riffeling, [185].
ringlets (=fairy rings), [222].
rip up, [228].
Robert of Stratford, [31], [37], [244].
Robin Goodfellow, [74], [221].
Rother Market, [30], [50].
rushes (for floors), [54], [56], [218].
Sackerson, [135].
Saint George's Day, [167].
Saint John's wort, [189].
Saint Mary's Church, Warwick, [6].
sanctuary, [230].
sanded, [231].
school discipline, [113].
school life, [109].
school morals, [112].
Schoole of Vertue, The, [60].
Scot, Reginald, [90], [189], [224].
Seager, Francis, [60], [219].
sequestered, [231].
Shakespeare Birthplace, [49], [217].
Shakespeare mulberry-tree, [51], [218].
Shakespeare, Henry, [207].
Shakespeare, John, [26], [40], [53].
Shakespeare, Mary, [84].
sheep-shearing, [193].
Sheffield whittles, [240].
Shenstone, William, [101], [226].
Ship of Fools, The, [67], [200].
Shottery, [4].
shove-groat, [67].
shovel-board, [68].
shrewd (=evil), [112], [245].
Siddons, Mrs., [12].
Sir (title of priests), [226].
Skelton, John, [232].
slide-thrift, [67].
slip-groat, [67].
slipping a hawk, [156].
Smithe, Ralph, [142].
spoons, apostle, [80].
spoons, Latin, [81].
sprag, [227].
statute-caps, [41], [203], [242].
Steevens, George, [190], [236].
Stevenson, Matthew, [196], [239].
stool-ball, [122].
story-telling, [73].
Stow, John, [82], [222].
Stratford College, [33], [37].
Stratford corporation, [39].
Stratford early history, [27].
Stratford grammar school, [95].
Stratford Guild, [34], [37].
Stratford-on-Avon, [21].
Stratford topography, [43].
strikes (of planet), [231].
Strutt, Joseph, [67], [220].
Stubbes, Philip, [176], [178], [185], [206], [236].
Suckling, John, [235].
sun dancing at Easter, [173].
sweet hearts, [204], [246].
sweet-suckers, [83], [223].
swimming, [130].
table-linen, [55].
takes (of fairies), [231].
tassel-gentle, [156].
Taylor the Water Poet, [69], [220].
tender well, [231].
than (=then), [219].
theatres, movable, [14], [215].
theatrical entertainments, [160], [185].
then (=than), [220].
thorow, [65], [220].
three-man beetle, [139].
three-man songmen, [239].
tick (=tag), [125].
tick-tack, [70].
tod, [239].
told (=counted), [232].
took on him as a conjurer, [225].
toothache, charms for, [88].
toothpicks, [65].
Topas, Tale of Sir, [203], [241].
towels, [56].
tract (=track), [217].
training of children, [60].
tray-trip, [90].
treatably, [219].
treen, [55].
troll-my-dames, [70].
trumpet (=trumpeter), [222].
Tusser, Thomas, [114], [195], [229].
Udall, Nicholas, [114].
vaward, [231].
vervain, [80], [189], [222].
villeins, [28].
voiders, [62].
waes-hael, [192], [237].
wakes, [30], [205].
Wall, A. H., [168], [234].
Waller, Edmund, [126], [230].
Walton, Izaak, [235].
warden-pies, [239].
warlocks, [223].
Warner, William, [235].
Warwick, [4].
Warwickshire, [3].
wash-basins, [56].
Wat, [232].
watchet-colored, [235].
Webster, John, [90], [224].
which (=who), [228].
whifflers, [144].
whistled off (in hawking), [157].
white meats, [57].
Whitsuntide, [184].
whittles (noun), [240].
who (=which), [231].
wick-yarn, [240].
Wierus, [224].
Wife of Bath, [203], [242].
Willis, R., [112], [229].
Wilmcote, [4], [213].
wine, [58].
Wise, J. R., [26], [151].
witches, [79], [84].
Wolsey, Cardinal, [56].
woman's part (on stage), [236].
Woncot, [213].
Worthies, the Nine, [18].
wote, [223].
wrestling, [142].
yearned (=grieved), [232].