[4] However, see M: pp. 161, 162, 168, 335.
[5] For example, William Whewell, History of the inductive sciences, ed. 3, New York, 1858, vol. 2, pp. 192 and 217; Charles Singer, A short history of science to the nineteenth century, Oxford, 1943, pp. 188 and 343; and A. R. Hall, The scientific revolution, Boston, 1956, p. 185.
[6] Petri Peregrini maricurtenis, de magnete, seu rota perpetui motus, libellus, a reprint of the 1558 Angsburg edition in J. G. G. Hellmann, Rara magnetica, Berlin, 1898, not paginated. A number of editions of Peregrinus, work, both ascribed to him and plagiarized from him, appeared in the 16th century (see Heinz Balmer, Beiträge zur Geschichte der Erkenntnis des Erdmagnetismus, Aarau, 1956, pp. 249-255).
[7] Hellmann, ibid., Robert Norman, The newe attractive, containyng a short discourse of the magnes or lodestone, and amongest other his vertues, of a newe discovered secret and subtill propertie, concernyng the declinyng of the needle, touched therewith under the plaine of the horizon. Now first founde out by Robert Norman Hydrographer. London, 1581. The possibility is present that Norman's work was a direct stimulus to Gilbert, for Wright's introduction to De magnete stated that Gilbert started his study of magnetism the year following the publication of Norman's book.
[8] Hellman, ibid., William Borough, A discourse of the variation of the compasse, or magneticall needle. Wherein is mathematically shewed, the manner of the observation, effects, and application thereof, made by W. B. And is to be annexed to the newe attractive of R. N. London, 1596.
[9] Hellman, ibid., Simon Stevin, De havenvinding, Leyden, 1599. It is interesting to note that Wright translated Stevin's work into English.
[10] As Edward Wright was to call him in his introduction.
[11] Aristotle, On the soul, translated by W. S. Hett, Loeb Classical Library, London, 1935, 405a20 (see also 411a8: "Some think that the soul pervades the whole universe, whence perhaps came Thales' view that everything is full of gods").
[12] Plato, Ion, translated by W. R. M. Lamb, Loeb Classical Library, London, 1925, 533 (see also 536).
[13] Plato, Timaeus, translated by R. G. Bury, Loeb Classical Library, London, 1929, 80. It is difficult to determine which explanation Plato preferred, for in both cases the speaker may be only a foil for Plato's opinion rather than an expression of these opinions.