That fluctuation will occur is inevitable; but it will be gradually understood that the utmost freedom of labour and communication is the only way to allow changes to be gradual, and so to avert the great and disgraceful catastrophes of forcible migration of hordes. Hence there will tend to be an incessant flow of labour from country to country, assisted by international labour bureaus: thus the wage of any given ability will be equalised over the world, and hence prices of all produce will equalise also. The whole of this action will further enforce the power of ability, and tend to end or mend the less capable.
We must, then, look for a world with approximately equal civilisation and prices in all lands; but with each people developed in their own lines of ability, in accord with climate and conditions, to such a point that no other people can compete with them in their own conditions. The equatorial races tending to have less initiative and vigour than those of colder climates, the equatorial lands will therefore tend to be each attached to a temperate land which will supply more energy to their development; while a steady drift of population from colder to hotter lands will take place, as for a generation or two they will retain a greater vigour. Thus the tropics will be the seat of the keenest competition and extinction of races; while the borders of the arctic regions will always afford most room for human increase.
So far as peoples turn their backs on the inevitable goal, they will have to painfully retrace their course, or else disappear by extinction; while the peoples who move toward the lines of success will be the fathers of the future. Will they be found in East or West?
INDEX.
- A.
- Ability, inherited, [4]
- sporadic, not inherited, [5]
- driven out, [3], [4], [8], [21]
- favoured by war, [98]
- Administration depends on character, [1]
- Advance checked by communism, [20], [21]
- checked by education, [73]–[75]
- due to individual, [78], [80]
- gained by saving waste, [79]
- Agriculture, elaboration of, [101]
- to be saved from townsmen, [54]
- Amusement, passion for, [20], [82], [83]
- Anarchism, product of great states, [67]
- Armaments, big, needful, [98]
- war by, [97]
- Artificial conditions encourage variation, [5]
- Athletics, needed by the unfit, [82]
- Atrophy of mind, [7]–[9]
- Aurelian, [36]
- Automatic lives of majority, [79]
- B.
- Barbaric society, complex, [21]
- Bartholomew's Day, 1662, [41]
- Benevolence, scope of, [v].
- Betting, [19]
- Birth rate, waste of high, [85]
- Bricklayers' Union, influence of, [31]
- Building, dear in England, [31]
- Bye-laws, value of, [44]
- C.
- Capacity, see Ability.
- Capital used for income, [47]
- Capitalists, result of diminishing, [50]
- Catastrophes produced by small causes, [42]
- Cattle, competition among, [25]
- Change, gradual, to be allowed, [43]
- effect of, [13], [63]
- violent, injurious, [41]
- Character, the basis of society, [1]
- production of, [2]
- subject to natural law, [2]
- low type at present, [15]–[19]
- killed by municipalising, [26]
- grown by experience, [74]
- Checks, better use of, [99]
- Children, later more able, [86]
- maintenance of, [8], [60], [86]–[88]
- Chinese labour, need for, [93]–[95]
- Civil war, results of, [39]–[41]
- Civilisation a means of diversity, [68]
- Clubs, benefit of, [92]
- Collections, dispersal of, [46]
- Colonising result of primogeniture, [45], [46]
- Combinations, must be voluntary, [91]
- Combined labour, wasteful, [90]
- Committees, mind of, [9]
- Commons rule alone, [39]–[41]
- weakness of, [43]
- Communal organisation of early Europe, [22]
- Communication, results of, [56], [66], [98]
- Communism a bar to useful variation, [20], [21]
- and early Christianity, [24]
- and fatalism, [25], [26]
- and labour, [90]
- Compensation for accidents, [58]
- Competition, necessity of, [3], [10]
- dislike of, [10]
- among cattle, [25]
- Continuity of work, power of, [80], [81]
- Co-operation a main line of advance, [92]
- Cox, Mr. Harold, [55]
- Crimes, survivals of early life, [73]
- Criminals to be sorted into communities, [73]
- Cromwell an arbitrary ruler, [40]
- value of, in anarchy, [40], [41]
- D.
- Death duties, effect of, [44], [46]
- Despotism, a refuge from anarchy, [41]
- Devolution of the Roman Empire, [36]
- Diocletian, decree of prices, [37], [38]
- Disciples, early, hard-weeded, [24]
- Diseases of bodies politic, [vi]., [19]
- Diversity, need of, [65]–[77], [100]
- of moral standards, [67], [68]
- of types required, [69]
- dangerous form of, [70]
- still existing, [71]–[3]
- of marriage laws, [71], [72]
- Dulness of observation, [16], [17]
- E.
- Education, a bar to advance, [73]–[76]
- experiments needed, [75]
- variety of, needed, [75], [76]
- Elections, waste by, [100]
- Emigration beneficial, [13]
- harmful, [13], [14]
- Environment subject to man, [3]
- Equatorial races, future of, [103]
- Escape of the capable, [8]
- Extremes of condition appear together, [5]
- F.
- Factions of the Civil War, [39], [40]
- Farm colonies, [8]
- Fatalism and communism, [26]
- Federations must prevail, [100]
- Five-mile Act, [40]
- France, ability drained from, [4]
- cost of Revolution in, [41]
- Free-trade only possible with bounties, [52]
- Free-will a subject of normal variation, [2]
- G.
- Gallienus, [35]
- German immigration, [15]
- Government cannot tax its own payments, [49]
- Gracchus, cheap com of, [29]
- Gradual changes to be allowed, [43]
- H.
- Happiness based on character, [2]
- Health, saving of, [79], [80]
- Housing problem, cause of, [31]
- Huguenots closely weeded, [24]
- expulsion of, [4]
- I.
- Illustrated papers, [18]
- Immigration, [14], [15]
- Income tax, effect on trade, [47]–[49]
- Individual thought essential, [9]
- Individualism a line of advance, [91]
- Infant life, saving of, [60]
- Inspection, abuse of, [99]
- Intellect, limitations of, [17]
- Intolerance of Puritans, [39]–[41], [70]
- gain and loss of, [66]
- Investments, foreign, demand for, [48]
- Ireland, emigration injuring, [14]
- land-holding in, [53]
- Italian labour abroad, [93]
- J.
- Janus, the peace bringer, [vii].
- Japanese too industrious, [93]
- L.
- Labour, combined, wasteful, [90]
- in the tropics, [56]
- Land in Ireland, [53]
- state ownership of, [53]–[55]
- equal values of, [56]
- Laws impartial to all residents, [94]
- Life, infant, saving of, [60]
- Life-duties, effect of, [49]
- Lighting system faulty, [17]
- Little-Italy party, [35]–[37]
- Loans, risks of, [55]
- Local administration, variety in, [44]
- London County Council, [17], [55]
- Low races pass under higher, [1]
- M.
- Malignants deprived, [41]
- Man subjugates environment, [3]
- permanence of type of, [10]–[12]
- final type of, [100]–[102]
- Marriage ceremony, period of, [72]
- laws, diversity of, [71], [72]
- temporary, [84]
- Medical examination of children, [87]
- Mencius quoted, [7]
- Mental changes similar to physical, [2]–[7]
- qualities inherited, [4]
- growth encouraged by use, [6]
- growth to old age, [6]
- Merovings, degradation of, [7]
- Middle-class waste, [61]
- Mind subject to natural variation, [2]–[7]
- variability induced, [6]
- arrested at various ages, [6]
- atrophy of, [7]–[9]
- unchanged in nature, [11]–[12]
- Monopolies, [9], [96]
- Moral standard typical of a society, [68]
- Morality, relative standard of, [67]–[68]
- Municipalising enterprises, [26]
- N.
- Nationalisation of land, [53]–[55]
- Nationalities, use of various, [93]
- New Testament teaching, [23], [24]
- Norse poor law, [22], [86]
- O.
- Officialism, [9]
- Old age pensions, [59]
- Oman, Prof., [29]
- P.
- Pasts have all been present, [vii].
- Patriotism killed by separate groups, [71]
- Permanence of type of man, [10]–[12]
- Peters, Carl, opinion of, [20]
- Physical changes similar to mental, [2]–[7]
- Pleasures, low type of, [17]–[19]
- Polybius on history, [iv].
- Poverty results from opportunity, [5]
- Prayer, Book of Common, proscribed, [40]
- Present time, apparent importance of, [vii].
- Prices, consequence of regulating, [37], [38]
- Primogeniture diminished, [45]
- effect of, [45], [46]
- Private enterprise most effective, [9]
- Prodigal son, his rights, [24]
- Profits to be earned from wealth, [30]–[32]
- Profit-sharing, [92], [99]
- Proletariat, support of, [30]–[32]
- Property parted in life, [44], [49]
- Proscriptions, disastrous effect of, [4]
- Provinces parted from Rome, [36]
- R.
- Radicalism contrary to evolution, [42]
- Railway stations, faulty, [16]
- Railways, effects of, [56], [66]
- Rapidity, gain by, [81]
- Reasoning interest obliterated, [74]
- Regulation pattern men, [74]
- Relatives, responsibility of, [22], [89]
- Remedy for the incapable, [8]
- Renewal of population, [83]
- Rentoul, Dr., [87]
- Responsibility without rule, [86]
- Retaliation in trade war, [97]
- Retrograde characters ruined by help, [7]
- Ruling faculty of man, [3]
- S.
- Scrapping of machines and men, [85]
- Seebohm, Dr., [22]
- Selection the means of elevation, [3], [20]
- repressed by communism, [20]–[27]
- Slavery not fatal to Rome, [34]
- Sloth a deadly sin, [16]
- now compulsory, [16]
- Socialism, use of word, [23]
- Society, barbaric complexity, [21]
- a mixture of stages, [72]
- final type of, [100]–[103]
- Sport, [18], [19]
- States, large, a result of speed, [66]
- Submerged tenth, [6], [14], [69], [88]
- Survivals of earlier stages, [72], [73]
- T.
- Taxation in death duties, [44]–[46]
- on capital, [47]
- on trade, [47]–[50]
- in life duties, [49]
- immoral, [50], [51]
- should be felt, [52]
- limitations of, [92]
- Taxation of extravagance, [52]
- Tenth, submerged, [6], [14], [69]
- Theologic morality, [68]
- Thought, lack of, at present, [16]
- Town, type of, [57]
- Townsman favoured, [28]
- Trade unionism and sloth, [16], [81]
- in Rome, [29]–[34]
- compulsory, [30]–[34]
- and the poor, [30], [31]
- assessment of tax, [32]
- Transit, rapid, result of, [56]–[58]
- Trust-man class, [62]
- Trusts, creation of, [49]
- U.
- Unfit, treatment of, [87]–[89]
- Uniformity, evils of, [65], [67]
- Unintellectual character, source of, [74]
- Utilitarian morality, [67]
- V.
- Variability induced, [6]
- Variation produced by artificial conditions, [5]
- needed for advance, [65], [69]
- about one centre, [70]
- Vice not fatal to Rome, [34]
- Violent changes injurious, [39]–[41]
- W.
- Wages, equality of, [8]
- Waltzing quoted, [34]
- War by trade, [95]
- by armaments, [97]
- by violence, [98]
- favours best stocks, [98]
- causes, permanent, [99]
- Waste, taxation of, [52]
- the bar to advance, [79]
- Wealth held by different classes, [60]
- White labour dreads competition, [94], [95]
- Work, distaste for, [20], [81]
- power of, [80], [81]
- to be adapted to the person, [81], [82]
- Workmen, atrophy among, [8]
- Workmen's Compensation Act, [58]
BRADBURY, AGNEW & CO. LD., PRINTERS, LONDON AND TONBRIDGE.