Methods & Aims in Archaeology - W. M. Flinders Petrie

INDEX

Ab-nub-mes-uazet-user statuette, [158]
Abusir lotus capital, [163]
Abydos, Osireion, chain clearing, frontispiece
„ temple, black pottery, [166]
„ „ copper figure, [166]
„ „ excavation of, [173]
Account keeping, [35–37]
Accumulations of town, rate of, [9], [11]
Accuracy in levelling, [59]
„ „ observing, [50]
„ „ recording, [49–50]
Accusations against workmen, [40]
Adjustment of stuff in moving, [42]
„ „ vase-fragments, [70–71]
Advances of money, [35]
Adzes, dating of, [14]
Aegean pottery, [145–170]
Age of objects in plate-heading, [115]
„ „ towns, [11]
Akhenaten (Amenhotep IV), [147], [148], [152], [154], [155]
Alignment of drawings, [115]
Amateur digging, [1], [3], [48], [179], [180]
Amenhotep II, [148]
„ III, [139], [145], [148], [152], [153–155]
„ IV (Akhenaten), [147], [148], [152], [154], [155]
America, possible saving of history by, [134]
Amphora, Cretan, [166]
Ancient civilisations, [191–192]
Angles, calculation of, [57], [58]
„ of vases measured, [71], [103]
Antiquities, exportation of, [184]
„ exposure of, [172]
„ nationalisation of, [185]
„ preservation of, [85–104]
„ sale of, [187]
„ securing of, [33]
„ smuggling of, [184]
„ thrown away, [132]
Approaches to site of work, [28]
Arabic, necessity for, [6]
Archaeological duties, [177–178]
„ evidence, [136–168]
„ experience, [3], [4], [14]
„ responsibilities, [170], [178]
Archaeology, classical, [2]
„ conditions of progress, [130]
„ hindered by present museums, [130]
„ mistakes in, [139–140]
„ narrow definition of, [2]
„ progress depends on space, [133]
„ systematic, [122–135]
Architecture, photographing of, [74], [75], [78]
Arrangement of objects, [79]
„ „ plates, [114–117]
„ „ text, [119–120]
„ „ work, [41–47]
„ with publishers, [120]
Athenaeus confirmed, [143]
Author’s alterations, [120–121]
Autotypes, [119]
Awls, [113]
Azab, wooden floor of, [77]
Backgrounds for photography, [79]
Backing of frescoes, [96–98]
Bakhshish, [33–35], [188]
„ accounts, [35]
Banking accounts of men, [35]
Barrels for soaking stones, [86]
Bases of vases drawn, [70–71]
„ „ „ sorted, [103]
Basket-boys, and picks, [31–32]
Baskets, [33], [44–45]
Beads, [14], [15]
„ pattern of, [52], [95], [96]
„ position of, [52], [95]
„ seldom of mixed ages, [150]
Bead-work, [95]
Beeswax, [66], [67], [71], [80], [90], [95], [102]
Bell, [113]
Benzol, [92]
„ wax in, [91]
Black incised ware, [160–162], [163–164], [167]
„ velvet for backgrounds, [79]
Blank sheets in spacing drawings, [63]
Block-tints for vases, [70]
Blocks returned after use, [121]
„ zinc, [68]
Blotting-paper, [89]
Boats, prehistoric, [167]
Bone point, [98]
Bones, cleaning of, [76]
„ marking, [51]
„ preserving, [90]
Bonsor, discoveries in Spain, [159–160]
Book-post for drawings, [64]
„ seller, [121]
Bosnia, black incised ware, [161], [162], [167]
Boxes, grain of wood in, [110]
„ making of, [109–111]
„ nailing of, [110]
„ nests of, [109], [113]
„ with bars, [106]
Box-sextant, [55–56], [113]
Boys, ages of, [20–21]
„ chain of, [44], front.
„ collecting, [44]
„ in work, [24]
„ throwing, [44]
„ use of, [32]
Brace and bits, [113]
Bracelet of Zer, [80]
Brass, treatment of, [100]
Brick, burnt, [10]
„ mounds, [10]
„ walls, tracing of, [46–47]
„ -work, [9]
Bricks, age of, [47]
„ colour of, [46]
„ size of, [47], [52]
Brims of vases drawn, [70–71]
„ „ „ sorted, [103]
British Museum, growth of, [134]
Bronze, destruction of, [181]
„ hypocephalus, [76]
„ statues, preservation of, [180]
„ treatment of, [100–101]
„ vases, Idaean cave, [155]
Brunswick black, marking with, [52]
Brushes, [91], [98], [112], [113]
Brushing, [86], [87], [89], [98], [100]
Bügelkanne, see False-necked vases
Builder of Great Pyramid, [178]
Buildings, destruction of, [185–186]
„ photographing, [75], [78]
„ planning, [52–55]
„ restoration of, [172], [185]
Burials, primary and secondary, [52]
„ undisturbed, [12]
Burnt groups, [145–146]
„ papyri, [95]
Buttons of VI–VII Dyn., [162]
Buttresses left in digging, [30]
Cairo museum a failure, [131]
„ rubbish-mounds, [11]
Calculation of angles, [57]
Camel-hair brush, [91], [98]
„ transport, [112]
Camera, [73–75]
„ copying-, [81]
„ direction of, [80]
„ hand-, [74], [75]
„ -legs, [81]
„ pattern of, [73–74]
„ setting up of, [80]
„ size of, [74]
„ -stand, [81]
Camp requirements, [6]
Carbolic acid, [89], [101]
Carbonised papyri, [94]
Card blackened for small stops, [75]
„ -board for drawing, [68]
„ slips, [78]
„ tube, [74]
„ with concentric circles, [71]
Carefulness, means of securing, [34]
Carrier-boys, [30], [41], [43]
Carrying, [30], [32]
Cartonnage, [52]
Cartridge-paper, [109], [113]
Cases, grain of wood in, [110]
„ making of, [109–111]
„ nailing of, [110]
„ with bars, [106]
Casting, [64–66]
„ backs of frescoes, [97–98]
Casts of statues, [172–173]
„ plaster, [64–66]
„ „ photographing from, [77]
Celluloid, [71]
Celtic pottery like pan-grave, [159–160]
Cementing disintegrated granite, [87]
„ sculptures in walls, [86], [171]
Cemetery site, nature of, [11], [12]
Chain of boys, frontispiece, [44]
Chambers, contents of, [52]
„ emptying of, [44]
Charcoal, [47], [80], [90]
„ dust, [76]
Chemical knowledge, need of, [85], [171]
Chromo-lithography, [118]
China ink, drawing with, [68]
„ „ marking with, [52], [76]
Choice of facts in recording, [49]
„ „ workmen, [21]
Claims of landlord, [183]
„ „ State, [183–184]
Classification of material, [115], [119–120]
Clay moulds, [65]
Cleaning of bones, [76]
„ „ bronzes, [100–101]
„ „ gold, [98]
„ „ iron, [102]
„ „ pottery, [76]
„ „ silver, [98], [99]
Clearance at edge, [43]
„ from bottom, [42]
„ of sites, [41–43], [174], [181]
Clues in digging, [5]
Coffin, [52]
Coinage, wastage of, [150]
Coin impressions, [66], [67], [77]
„ restorations, [149]
Coins, casting, [77]
„ cleaning, [99]
Cold chisel, [112], [113]
Collectors, [48], [185]
Collotype, [74], [118]
Colossi, transport of, [107]
Colour on slabs, [87]
„ preservation of, [87–88]
„ -printing for vases, [70]
Columns, packing of, [107]
Commerce, prehistoric, [167]
Commission on sales, [121]
Commissioners, utility of, [170]
Compass, prismatic, [55], [113]
Compasses, [57]
Complex forms fade soon, [128]
Conservation, [5], [130–135]
Contracts, [121]
Copper figures, [166]
„ treatment of, [99]
Copying graffiti, [72]
„ inscriptions, [61–63], [72]
„ walls, [61–63], [72]
Corner-posts to boxes, [109]
Corpus of pottery, [124]
„ system, [123–126]
Cost of publication of drawings, [68], [117]
„ „ „ „ photographs, [118]
„ „ „ „ text, [120]
Cotton, [109]
„ wool, [66], [97], [107], [109]
„ „ not with papyri, [94]
Cretan connections, XVIII Dyn., [155]
„ „ XII „, [158]
„ „ VI „, [162]
„ „ IV „, [163]
„ „ I „, [166]
Cross-bars in packing, [106]
„ partitions in packing, [111]
Crowbars, [33], [112]
Crown property, [183], [186]
Crystal, inscriptions on, [76]
Cultivation of sites, [174]
Curators of museums, [49], [172]
Cutting down from edge of work, [42]
Cutting-out knives, dating of, [15]
Cylinders, impressions of, [66], [67]
Damping of papyri, [93]
Daphnae, [10], [13], [143–144]
Dark room, [83]
Dated objects, [4], [14–15], [52]
Dating of adzes, [14]
„ „ beads, [14]
„ „ cutting-out knives, [15]
„ „ mounds, [17]
„ „ objects in general, [4], [14–17]
Day and piece work combined, [30], [32]
„ -pay, [24], [27–31]
Dealers in antiquities, [3], [25], [38–39], [48]
Decomposition of glazes, [88]
Decoration in bead-work, [95]
Defeneh, [10], [13], [143–144]
Den, tomb of, [44]
Dentist’s wax, [67]
Deposits, foundation, [80]
Desert views, [1]
Destruction by wet-squeezing, [61]
„ of antiquities, [170–171], [172]
„ „ buildings, [10], [185–186]
„ „ evidence, [48]
„ „ information, [171]
„ „ monuments, [179]
„ „ sculptures, [86], [172]
„ „ site, [174]
Detail, verification of, [50]
Developers, [82–83]
„ proportions in, [82]
Developing, [82–84]
Development of tools, [14]
Diagonal bars for box-lids, [106]
„ driving of nails, [110], [111]
„ lighting, [77]
„ mirror in photographing, [75]
Digging by amateurs, [1], [3], [48], [179], [180]
„ purpose of, [1]
„ regularity of, [28]
Diktaean copper figures, [166]
Dilettante work, [1], [3], [48]
Diorite bowl, Crete, [163]
„ statue, Crete, [158]
Diospolis Parva, pottery from, [160]
Direction of lighting, [77]
Discoveries, age of, [175]
„ casual, [170]
Discrimination of sites, [9]
„ „ style, [14], [17–18]
„ „ walls, [46–47]
Disintegration of granite, [87]
„ „ stone by salt, [86]
Disobedience to orders, [35]
Distance from lens, [80]
Distinguishing brick-walls, [46–47]
Distortion in photography, [74]
Divided rod, [54–55], [113]
Doctoring of natives, [38]
„ „ workmen, [37–38]
Door-sills, [52]
„ ways, [52]
Double-plates, [116]
Drab pottery at Mykenae, [148]
Draughtsman wanted for corpus, [126]
Drawing boards, [113]
„ by lamplight, [62]
„ facsimile, [5], [68]
„ from squeezes, [62–63]
„ interpretation in, [68]
„ plan, [5], [68]
„ thickness of lines in, [69], [115]
„ vases from fragments, [70–71]
Drawings, cutting up, [63]
„ packing of, [63–64]
„ posting of, [64]
„ reduction of, [69]
„ reproduction of, [68], [115]
„ returned after use, [121]
„ scales of, [69]
Dressing of graves, [76–77]
„ „ objects, [76]
Driving of nails, [110], [111]
Drop-shutter view, [75]
Dry squeezes, [61–63]
Ebony stain, [68]
„ statuette, [78]
Editions, varieties of, [119]
Egypt and Europe, [141–168]
see Europe
Electro-types, [181]
Electrum, [98]
El Hibeh, [9]
Engineers, wrecking by, [170], [174]
Engraving, Swan electric, [119]
Enkomi, tombs at, [152], [154], [155], [156]
Enlarged photographs, [74], [75], [80], [81]
Ether, [92]
Ethics of archaeology, [169–188]
Europe and Egypt,
XXVI Dyn., [142–144]
XVIII „, [144–156]
XII „, [156–161]
VI „, [162], [167]
IV „, [163], [165], [167]
I „, [164–166], [167]
prehistoric, [167–168]
Evidence, by collocation, [139], [150]
„ by scarabs and coins, [149]
„ failures of, [139–140]
„ from burnt groups, [145–146]
„ „ copied forms, [163]
„ „ houses, [148]
„ „ paintings, [144–145]
„ „ rubbish mounds, [147], [156–157]
„ „ tombs, [150–153]
„ in a single object, [138]
„ nature of, [136–140]
Excavation, hindrance to, [187]
„ purpose of, [1]
„ recording results of, [124]
Excavator, qualifications of, [1–7], [19], [36], [85]
„ responsibilities of, [1], [8], [174]
Exhaustion, evidence by, [137], [139]
„ of metals, [181]
„ „ sites, [174–175]
Exodus, Pharaoh of, [178]
Experience, archaeological, [3–4]
Exposure in photography, [75], [78], [79], [82]
„ of sites, [178]
Extortion by overseers, [25]
Extra plates for students, [119]
Faces, flaking of, [87]
„ of limestone, [87], [88]
Facts, stating of, [50]
False-necked vases, [145], [146], [153–154]
„ „ „ variation with age, [153–154]
Families of workmen, [39]
Fascination of history, [189–193]
Files, [113]
Filling, [13], [47], [52]
„ and carrying, [32]
Films, curling of, [83]
„ packing of, [83–84]
„ rapidity of, [75]
Finest lines in drawing, [69]
Finger-work in excavating, [6–7]
Flake-white, use of, [77]
Flaking of faces, [87]
Flint knife obtained whole, [34–35]
Flooring, wooden, [76], [77]
Focus, [74–75], [80], [81]
Foil, gold, [67–68]
„ tin, [67]
Foot-notes, [120]
Foreigners’ use of plates, [116]
Forms of pottery, [16–17]
„ „ „ duration of, [128–129]
Fort-mounds, Defeneh, [10]
Forum, excavation of, [173]
„ interest of, [191]
„ pottery at, [126]
Foundation deposit, [80]
Fragments, means of securing, [34]
„ method of drawing, [70–71]
„ sorting and joining, [102–104]
Frame for drawing vase-fragments, [70–71]
„ „ supporting fresco, [96–97]
„ of strings for scale-drawing, [72]
„ with backing of muslin, [65]
Free-swinging lens, [80]
French chalk, [65]
Frescoes, [52], [88], [96–97]
Fuller’s earth, [92]
Furniture, successive ages of, [127]
Future ages, rights of, [175–176]
„ condition of museums, [133]
„ destruction of museums, [180–182]
Gang, proportions of, [44]
Gangs of workmen, [26], [27], [32]
Gauging of stuff to be removed, [42]
Gelatine for extracting salt, [89–90], [92]
Gems, photographing, [77]
Girls as workers, [23], [24], [75]
Gizeh, tomb of Sem-nefer, [78]
Glass background, [79]
„ waxed for papyri, [94], [95]
Glaze, decomposition of, [88]
Glycerine, [91]
Glycin, [83]
Gold collar from Enkomi, [154]
„ foil, [67–68], [98]
„ pin, Cypriote, [155]
„ preservation of, [180–181]
„ treatment of, [98]
„ value offered for, [184]
Governments, attitude of, [183], [187]
Graeco-Egyptian vases, [144]
Graffiti, copying, [72]
Grave, age of, by sequence-dates, [129]
„ dressing of, [76–77]
Greece, see Europe
„ conditions of work in, [26], [32], [33]
Greek pottery, [17]
„ workmen, [26–27]
Greeks in Egypt, [142–144], [146]
Grouping in museums, [132]
„ of objects as evidence, [139]
Groups in museums, [172]
„ numbering of, [51]
„ of ivories, [91]
„ of objects, [48–49], [51], [69], [115], [172], [179]
„ photographing of, [80], [81]
Guards to plates, [116], [117]
Gum, contraction of, [93]
Gurob, [145], [148], [151], [152], [153], [156]
Guttapercha moulds, [66]
Haematite paint, [166]
Hammer dressing, [105]
„ light, [99]
„ sledge, [112]
Headings of plates, [115]
Head-lines of text, [120]
Head-shawls, seizure of, [39]
Helbeh, [109]
Heliogravure, [119]
Hinges, [113]
History, fascination of, [189–193]
„ importance of, [4–5], [171], [193]
„ knowledge of, [4–5]
Hibeh, El, [9]
Hissarlik, black incised ware, [161], [167]
Holes, excavated, [43]
„ in bricks, [47]
Hollow feet to vases, [166]
Hollows in ground, [11], [12], [13], [44]
Hollows in inscriptions, [76]
„ „ packing, [108]
Hone-stone, [113]
Honesty in workmen, [22], [34], [37]
Horemheb, [147]
Horizontal position, photographing, [80]
Huts, mud, of excavators, [6]
Hypocephalus, bronze, [76]
Ialysos, tomb at, [152]
Idaean cave, bronze vases, [155]
„ „ carved dish, [155]
Idleness, remedies for, [21], [28]
Illness among workmen, [31], [37–38]
Impressions of cylinders, [66]
Indestructibility of small antiquities, [176]
Index to books, [120]
India-rubber for dry-squeezing, [63]
Indications after rain, [13]
„ of nature of site, [12], [13]
Indices of types required, [124]
Infectious illness, [38]
Inking in of drawings, [61], [63], [68]
„ „ „ squeezes, [61]
Inks for drawing, [52], [68]
Ink-writing copied, [72]
„ „ photographed, [79]
Inscriptions, columns and lines, [72]
„ copying, [60–63], [72]
„ „ before removal, [53]
„ made legible, [76]
„ on stone, [76]
„ sanded, [76]
Insight in excavating, [4–6]
Inspectorship of antiquities, [185]
Instantaneous shutter, [75]
Instruments, use of, [54–55]
Inventory-sheets for small objects, [69–70]
Iron, treatment of, [102]
Ironing textiles, [89]
Irregularities in plates, [115]
Israel stele, [62]
Ivory, destruction of, [181]
„ preservation of, [90–92]
„ tablet of Zer, [76]
Jaw, removal for measurement, [53]
Jelly for extracting salt, [89–90]
Jewellers’ tag-labels, [52], [113]
Joining fragments, [102–104]
„ sheets of drawings, [63]
Jointing of brickwork, [46], [76]
„ „ flooring, [76]
Kahun, black incised pottery, [160]
„ burials at, [151]
„ rubbish mound at, [156–158]
„ town site turned over, [41]
Kamares pottery, [158–159]
Kefti bring vases, [144]
Key-plans, [53]
Khataaneh, black incised ware, [160]
Khufu, portrait of, [178]
Khyan vase lid, [159]
Kitchen-paper, [109], [113]
Knife, cutting-out, development of, [15]
„ dinner-, uses of, [46–47], [94]
„ pen, [65], [93]
Knossos, carving, [163]
„ Egyptian figure from, [158]
„ pottery, [158], [166]
„ vase lid of Khyan, [159]
„ vases from, [158], [163]
Knowledge in recording, [49]
„ requisite for excavating, [187]
„ systematic, [123]
Koptos, [151]
Labelling objects, [52], [112]
Labels in museums, [112], [171]
„ „ packing, [112]
Labourers, control of, [5], [7], [22–23]
„ qualities of, [21]
„ selection of, [20]
„ training of, [5], [21–22]
Lachish, pottery at, [17]
Lamp, Cretan, [163]
Languages, knowledge of, required, [5–6]
Lantern-slides, [74], [81]
Laws, present, concerning archaeology, [182–184]
„ requisite, concerning archaeology, [185–188]
Laying out for photographing, [80]
Lead, treatment of, [102]
Legal evidences, [136–138]
„ proof accepted, [140–141]
Legal uncertainties, [140–141]
Length of bricks, [47]
„ „ ropes, [46]
Lens, distance from, [80]
„ free-swinging, [76]
„ wide-angle, [74]
Lettering of plates, [116]
Letters used for distinguishing sites, [51]
Levelling-mirror, [58–59], [113]
Levels of buildings, [173]
„ „ pottery for dating, [144]
„ „ walls, [52]
Libyan influence, [159]
Lids of boxes, [110]
Lifting in removing, [42], [44], [45]
Lighting by reflection, [78]
„ in photography, [77–79]
„ of museums, [131–132]
Lime-burners, destruction by, [10], [174]
Linen, glued, [94]
Lines, thickness of, in drawing, [69]
Liparite bowl, Crete, [163]
List of plates, [116], [120]
Lithography, chromo-, [118]
„ photo-, [55], [68–70], [117]
Locals according to villages, [31]
„ for carrying, [30–38]
Locks, [113]
Logarithms, [57]
Lotus capital, [163]
Magnifier, use in work, [47]
Maket tomb, [151–152], [156]
Manuscript, readiness for printing, [120]
Margins to plates, [116], [117]
Market money, [35–36]
Marking of bones, [51]
„ „ objects, [51–52], [112]
Material facts, evidence of, [137], [138]
Materials, presentment of, [50–51]
„ properties of, [85]
Measurement, accuracy of, [55]
„ in planning, [53–55]
„ in photography, [80]
„ of vase-fragments, [71]
„ „ walls, [54]
„ „ work, [28], [30]
Mechanical contrivances, [33], [43], [71], [72]
Medicines, [38]
Mediterranean civilisation, [141–168]
Medum tombs, [62–63]
Memory, in excavating, [18–19]
Mer-en-ptah, portrait of, [178]
Metals, treatment of, [98–102]
Method of plotting 3-point survey, [56]
Metre rod, [54–55], [113]
Mill-stones, Roman, [10]
Mirror, [78], [95]
„ diagonal, [75]
„ levelling, [58–59], [113]
Mistakes in naming objects, [3–4]
„ „ publication, [117]
Misuse of ropes, [45–46]
Mixture of objects of various ages, [150]
Monkey, violet glazed, [148]
Montfaucon, [123]
Moulds for casting, [60], [65–68]
Mounds of fort, Defeneh, [10]
„ „ town, [10], [11]
„ position of, [42]
„ throwing on, [41]
Mounting papyri, [94]
Moving of earth, [30], [43]
Mud-brick mounds, [10]
„ „ sun-dried, [9]
„ „ walls, tracing of, [46]
Museums, buildings unsuitable, [130–131]
„ curators of, [49], [172]
„ future of, [180–182]
„ grouping in, [132–133]
„ groups of objects in, [172]
„ growth of, [184]
„ lighting of, [131]
„ methods in, [86], [95], [101]
„ plundering for, [171]
„ present, hinder archaeology, [130]
„ preservation in, [180–182]
„ requirements of, [131–135]
„ sculptures in, [86], [172–173]
„ space needed in, [132–135]
„ unpacking in, [112]
„ use of, [176]
Muslin, [65]
Mykenae, objects from, [140], [148], [152], [156]
Mykenaean period, [127], [153]
Nails, [113]
„ diagonal driving of, [110], [111]
„ use of, [99]
Naqada, dressing of tomb, [77]
National Repository needed, [133–135]
Nationalisation of antiquities, [185]
Native digging, [175], [187]
Naukratis, [142–144]
Nebireh, [142]
Negatives, [82–84], [118]
Negress, ebony, [78]
Nekheb, goddess, [64]
Neolithic vase at Knossos, [166]
Net process, [118]
Nile boats, [112]
„ rise of, [174]
Nitric acid, [92]
Notation of successive ages, [127]
„ „ time in work, [29]
Note-taking in excavations, [52]
Nubian shore, submersion of, [170], [175]
Numbering of groups, [51]
„ „ objects on plates, [115]
„ „ plates, [117]
„ „ sheets of drawings, [63–64]
Numbers, printed, [70]
„ scratched on, [52]
Obelisks at Tanis, [9]
Objects, groups of, [48–49], [51], [69], [115], [172], [179]
„ inventory of, [69]
„ numbering of, [51]
„ outlining of, [69–70]
„ position of, [50], [52], [179]
„ preparing, [76]
„ scale of drawing, [69]
Oblique lighting, [77]
Observation, [9]
Oiling of moulds, [61], [66]
Organization of work, [5]
„ „ workmen, [5], [24], [31]
Order, historical, in plates, [115]
Outlining of small objects, [69–70]
Overseer or reis, [24–26]
Overlapping images, [56]
Overs, [121]
Packer, [111]
Packing frescoes, [97]
„ glass, [108]
„ materials, [109]
„ pottery, [108–109]
„ stones, [105–108]
Pads in packing, [106], [107]
Page-references to plates, [116], [120]
Paint-brushes, [113]
„ red, in cups, [166]
Paintings on tombs as evidence, [144–145]
Palestinian pottery, [17]
Pan-graves, [159–160]
Paper bags, [113]
„ for drawing, [68], [113]
„ „ packing, [109], [113]
„ „ printing, [118]
„ „ squeezing, [60], [113]
„ moulds, [60–61]
„ squeezes, [60–61], [64]
Papyri, photographing of, [79]
„ treatment of, [93–95]
Paraffin wax, [87], [89], [90], [91], [96], [102], [112]
Parcel-post boxes, [109], [113]
„ „ for drawings, [64]
Partitions in boxes, [111]
Passages, underground, [55]
Past quickly vanishing, [130]
„ love of, [189–193]
„ rights of, [176–178]
Pasting of papyri, [93], [94]
Patterns of gold collar, [154–155]
Payment by results, [33]
„ deductions for locals, [31]
„ proportions in, [31–32]
„ rate of, [29]
„ weekly, [35]
Pencil-cutting for outlining, [69–70]
Pendulum-mirror, [58]
Periods, of bronze and stone, [127]
„ successive, [127–130]
Pharaoh of Exodus, [178]
Philae, submersion of, [170]
Philistine, [64]
Photographic apparatus, [73]
„ developers, [82–83]
„ developing, [82–84]
„ drying, [83]
„ enlarging, [74], [80], [81]
„ films, [75]
„ reflectors, [78]
„ register of objects, [134]
„ washing, [83]
Photographing and drawing, [73]
„ of buildings, [73]
„ „ excavations, [73]
„ „ papyri, [79]
„ „ views, [74], [81]
„ „ wall-scenes, [81]
Photography, [73–84]
„ backgrounds in, [79]
„ dark room for, [83]
„ diagonal mirror in, [75]
„ drop-shutter in, [75]
„ lighting in, [77]
„ scale in, [80–81]
„ shadows in, [79]
„ skew-back, [75]
„ stereographic, [81–82]
Photo-lithography, [117]
„ „ colours reversed in, [70]
„ „ for drawings, [68]
„ „ „ plans, [55]
„ „ reduction for, [69]
Physics, [85]
Pickling of bronzes, [100]
Picks and baskets, [31–33]
Piece and day work combined, [30], [32]
Piece pay, [27]
„ work, [24], [29–31]
Pillars left in digging, [30]
Pincers, [113]
Pins, [83], [91]
Pit, excavation of, [42], [45], [52]
Placing of stuff removed, [42]
Plan, [33]
„ accuracy of, [55]
„ drawing, [5], [53]
„ measurement of, [53–55]
„ of chambers, [44], [52], [53]
„ „ towns, [52], [53]
Plane, [65]
„ -table, [55]
Platinotypes, [119]
Plaster, casts, [61], [64–66]
„ coats of, [87], [97]
„ handling of, [64]
Plates, book, [114–119]
„ „ double, [116]
„ „ loose, [115–116]
„ „ spoilt, [121]
„ magazine for, [74]
„ photographing from, [77]
„ rapidity of, [75]
„ size of image, [81]
Pliers, [113]
Plotting, [55–59]
„ vase dimensions, [71]
Plunderers, [12], [48]
Plundering of sites, [11], [171], [178–179]
Points of support in packing, [105–106]
Pompeii, corpus of pottery needed, [125]
Position of objects, [50], [52], [53]
„ in photographing, [78]
Positives, [118]
Postage of drawings, [64]
Potsherds, [10], [12]
Pottery, Aegean, [145–170]
„ black incised, [160–162], [163–164], [167]
„ chips, [47]
„ corpus, [124–126]
„ destruction of, [181]
„ duration of forms, [128]
„ Greek, [142], [147], [148]
„ of prehistoric age, [17], [167]
„ „ I Dyn., [164]
„ „ XII „, [157], [159]
„ „ XVIII „, [148], [153–154]
„ packing of, [108–109]
„ painted, from Kahun, [157–158]
„ preservation of, [88–89]
„ salt in, [88–89]
„ scale for drawing, [69]
„ typical forms, [16]
„ value for dating, [15–17], [128–129]
Praesos beads of XII Dyn., [158]
Prehistoric ages, [167–168]
„ camp site, [13]
„ cemetery site, [11]
„ sequences, [129]
„ shipping, [167]
„ tomb dressed, [77]
Preparing objects for photographing, [76]
Presentment of material, [50–51]
Preservation in museums, [180–181]
„ of antiquities, [85–104], [176–188]
„ „ bones, [90]
„ „ colour, [87–88]
„ „ gold-work, [181]
„ „ information, [5], [48]
„ „ ivories, [90–92]
„ „ papyri, [92–95]
„ „ pottery, [88–89]
„ „ sarcophagi, [87], [90]
„ „ stone, [86–87], [181]
„ „ stucco, [87–88], [90]
„ „ wood, [89–91]
Princesses in fresco, [88]
Printed numbers for plates, [70]
Printer’s agreement, [120–121]
„ errors, [120]
Printing, colour-, for vases, [70]
Prismatic compass, [55], [113]
Probability, evidence from, [138], [139]
Processes for plates, [117–119]
Prohibition of wet squeezing, [62]
Proof, nature of, [136]
Properties of materials, [85]
Proportions in mixing developers, [82]
Protractor, [57]
Pseud-amphorae, see False-necked vases
Publication, [114–121]
„ detailed, [175]
„ mistakes in, [117]
„ necessity of, [182]
„ past methods of, [114]
„ permanence of, [182]
Publishers, agreements with, [120]
Pyramid, great, Builder of, [178]
Railway, light, [43]
Ramessu II, [146], [152], [153], [154], [155]
„ III, [145], [154], [155]
„ VI, [153], [154]
Rate of payment, [29–30]
Recommendations of workmen, [40]
Reconstruction of stone vases, [102–104]
Record by corpus system, [125]
„ importance of, [48], [175]
„ in piecework, [29]
„ publication of, [114]
Recrystallisation of salt, [86]
Red paint, [166]
Reference-numbers on plates, [115]
„ to plates, [115–116]
„ to text, [119–120]
Reflections in lighting, [78]
Reflectors, [78]
Register of sheets, [63–64]
„ „ works of art, [186–187]
Reis or overseer, [24–26]
Rekhmara, tomb of, [144], [155]
Relief-process, [118]
Reliefs, copying of, [60]
Repository needed, [133–135]
Res, statuette of, [152]
Responsibilities, in excavating, [1], [8], [174–175]
„ of archaeologists, [170], [182]
Restorations, [172], [176]
„ of scarabs, [149]
„ of stone vases, [70–71], [102–104]
Results, presentment of, [50–51]
Rethreading of beads, [96]
Re-use of tombs, [150]
Rights of the future, [175]
„ „ „ past, [176–178]
Rise of Nile, [174]
Rolls of drawings by post, [64], [68]
„ „ papyri, [92–94]
Ropes, [33], [45], [112]
„ length of, [46]
„ preservation of, [45–46]
Rotted bead-work, [95]
„ ivory, [91–92]
„ papyrus, [93]
„ silver, [98]
„ wood, [90–91]
Royalties on books, [120]
Rubbish-mounds, [11]
Rust in bronze, [101]
„ „ iron, [102]
Sacking for packing, [107]
Salt in metals, [100], [102]
„ „ pottery, [88–89]
„ „ stones, [86]
„ „ textiles, [89]
„ „ wood, [89]
Sand, throwing, [75]
Sanding of tender stones, [87]
„ „ weathered stones, [71], [76]
Sarcophagi at Abydos, [43]
„ „ Zuweleyn, [10]
„ preservation of, [87], [90]
Sauce-pan, cast-iron, [90]
Saw-files, [112]
Sawing, [105]
Saws, [105], [112], [113]
Scale-drawing, frame for, [72]
„ mentioned on plate-heading, [115]
„ of drawing for plates, [69], [115]
„ „ „ „ tools, [69]
„ „ „ „ vases, [69]
„ „ payment, [29]
„ „ plotting, [55]
Scaling of bronze, [101]
„ „ copper, [99]
Scarabs, few posthumous, [149]
„ restorations of, [149]
„ seldom long in use, [150]
Screw-driver, [113]
Screws, [113]
Sculpture, casts of, [172]
„ cemented in walls, [86]
„ lighting of, [131–132]
„ museum of, [172]
Sealing-wax moulds, [66–67]
Search for fragments, [34–35], [102–104]
Section-lines for stone vases, [70]
Selection of facts in recording, [49]
Separation of objects in museums, [49]
Sequence dates, [129]
Sequences in a mansion, [127]
Serials published, [117]
Series of forms of stone vases, [102]
Sety II, [146], [153], [155]
Sextant, box-, [55–56], [113]
Shade-lines in drawing, [69]
Sheet of card ruled, [72]
Sheets of inventories, [69–70]
Shifting of stuff, [42]
Shutter, drop-, [75]
Sieve, native, [112]
„ wire, [112]
Sifting earth, [35]
Sighting-lines, [54]
Signals for work, [28]
„ survey, [56–57]
Silicate solution, [91]
Silver coins, [99]
„ treatment of, [98–99]
Site of cemetery, [11–12]
„ „ temple, [9–10]
„ „ town, [10–11]
Size of bricks, [47], [52]
„ „ sheets for reduction, [70]
Skeletons, marking of, [51]
„ preservation of, [53], [90]
Skew-back camera, [75]
Skull, removal for measurement, [52]
Slate backing to frescoes, [97]
Sliding of earth, [42]
Slopes of rubbish-mounds, [11]
Smuggling of antiquities, [184]
Sneferu, black incised ware, [163]
Soaking of bronzes, [101]
„ „ iron, [102]
„ „ lead, [102]
„ „ pottery, [88]
„ „ stones, [86]
„ „ textiles, [89]
Softening in packing, [106], [108–109]
Sorting fragments, [102–104]
Spain, pottery from, [159–160], [167]
Speculators, destruction by, [170]
Spies, [38–39]
Spoke-brush, use of, [60–61], [113]
„ shave, [113]
Square, [113]
Squareness on plates, [115]
Squares of plans, [53]
Squeezes, dry, [61–63]
„ wet, [60–61]
Stain, ebony, [68]
State claims, [182–184]
„ register of works of art, [186–187]
„ rights, [184–187]
Stations, surveying, [57–58]
Statistical sorting of pottery, [128]
Statuary, casts of, [172]
„ lighting of, [131–132]
„ preservation of, [180]
„ restoration of, [172]
Statuette, ebony, [78]
Stirrup vases, [145], [146], [154]
„ „ variation with age, [153–154]
Stone chips, [9], [13]
„ of buildings, [76]
„ vases, block-tints for, [70]
„ „ drawing from fragments, [71]
„ „ sorting fragments, [102–104]
Stones, large, [30]
„ moving of, [27]
„ salt in, [86]
„ scale of drawing, [69]
Stops in manuscripts, [120]
„ „ photographing, [74–75]
Storing of antiquities, [6]
„ „ ropes, [46]
Straw for packing, [108], [109], [112]
Strings of beads, [95–96]
Stucco, coloured, [88]
„ facing, [87]
„ on bricks, [96]
„ on walls, [47]
„ on wood, [96]
Students’ plates, [119]
Style, discrimination of, [14], [17–18]
Successive ages, classed, [126]
Super-heated wax for preserving, [90]
Superimposed buildings, [41–42]
Support, points of, in packing, [105–106]
Survey, three-point, [56]
Surveying, [5], [53–59]
„ of walls, [52]
Survival of museums, [180–181]
„ „ things in use, [128], [150]
Systematic archaeology, [122–135]
„ work in excavating, [2]
Systematizers needed, [123]
Tables, printing of, [120]
Tablet, ivory, [76]
Tahutmes II, [151]
„ III, [151], [152], [153]
Tally for accounts, [37–38]
Tanis, with obelisks, [9]
„ workers at, [20]
Tape-measure, [55], [113]
„ steel-, [55]
Tapioca-water, [88]
Telescope used in work, [28]
Tell el Amarna, frescoes at, [88]
„ „ „ vases at, [147], [148], [155], [156]
„ „ Yehudiyeh, cemetery mounds, [43]
Temple, causes of ruin, [10]
„ evidence of, [47]
„ site, clearance of, [41–47]
„ „ nature of, [9–10]
Tenting in desert, [6]
Textiles, [89]
Theodolite, [55]
Thickness of lines in drawing, [69]
Threads, [65], [90], [92], [95]
Three-colour photography, [119]
Three-point survey, [56]
Throwing, [30], [41]
„ sand, [75]
Thyi, Queen, [148], [152]
Tibn, [109]
Tilting in photography, [80]
Tin-foil moulds, [67]
„ plate for reflectors, [78–79]
„ „ „ sawing, [105]
„ „ „ small stops, [75]
„ pots, [108], [111]
„ saucepans, [90]
Tints, block, for vases, [70]
Tomb groups, [48–49], [51]
„ „ scattered, [49]
„ of Sem-nefer, [78]
„ -robbers, [45]
Tombs, evidence from, [150–153]
„ mixture of contents, [150]
„ numbering of, [51]
„ position of, [52]
„ proportion of important, [12]
„ reuse of, [150]
„ unplundered, [12]
„ wrecking of, [171]
Tools necessary to work, [33], [112–113]
„ provision of, [33]
Tooth-brush, uses for, [67], [112]
Topography, [33]
Town, planning of, [52]
„ site, clearance of, [41], [44]
„ „ nature of, [10]
„ „ rate of accumulation, [10–11]
„ „ turned over, [41]
Tracing out walls, [13], [41], [46–47]
Transport of antiquities, [85], [97], [107–108], [112]
Tray with poles, [107]
„ wooden, [95]
Treasure trove, [183]
Trenching ground, [41], [43]
Trial-pits, [41]
Troy, black incised ware, [161], [167]
Trucks, [43]
Turning back, [41]
„ over, [41], [43]
Tutankhamen, [145], [153], [154]
Uncertainties, legal, [140–141]
Underground passages, [55]
Undisturbed tombs, [12]
Uniformity of scale, [115]
Unpacker, [111–112]
Unpacking of boxes, [111–112]
Unplundered tombs, [12]
Unpunctuality, remedies for, [31]
Unrolling of papyri, [93–94]
Unsanded stones, [71], [76]
Usertesen II, [44], [157]
Valuables, finding of, [27]
Variation of vases with age, [153–154]
Vases, block tints for, [70]
„ drawn from fragments, [70–71]
„ measurement of angles, [71]
„ scale of drawing, [69]
Vertical lighting, [77]
„ mirror level, [58–59], [113]
„ position of camera, [80]
Wages in Egypt, [29]
„ „ England, [27]
„ „ Greece, [27]
Wall-scenes, photographing of, [81]
Walls, copying, [61–63], [72]
„ face of, [47]
„ surveying of, [52]
„ thickness of, [52]
„ tracing of, [13], [41], [46–47]
„ visible after rain, [13]
Warrior in alabaster, [144]
Washing of negatives, [83]
„ out salt, [86], [88], [89], [100]
Wastage of coinage, [150]
Water-colours, [77], [113]
Wax, bees-, [66], [67], [71], [80], [90], [95], [102]
„ dentist’s, [67]
„ paraffin, [87], [89], [90], [91], [96], [102], [112]
Waxed glass for papyri, [94]
Weathered stones, sanding of, [71], [76]
Weeding-out of workmen, [40]
Weights carried by boy, [43]
Western, see Europe
Wet squeezes, [60–61]
White ants, [89], [96]
„ filling of black ware, [161]
„ flake-, use of, [77]
„ -wash on walls, [96]
Whiting for inscriptions, [76]
Wide-angle lens, [74]
Wills, contradictory, [140]
Witnesses, evidence of, [137], [138]
„ veracity of, [138]
Wood flooring, [76], [77]
„ rotted, [90–91]
„ salt in, [89]
„ tray, [95]
„ wet, [91]
„ white ants in, [89]
„ -wool, [109]
Work, irregular, [27]
Workmen at Tanis, [20]
„ chains of, [44]
„ control of, [5], [7], [22–23]
„ distribution of, [26]
„ English, [27], [32]
„ Greek, [26–27], [32]
„ management of, [36]
„ organization of, [24], [26], [29], [31]
„ qualities of, [21]
„ selection of, [20–21]
„ substitution of, [23], [31]
„ training of, [5], [26], [34]
Wrapping-paper, [109]
Wrappings, [52]
Wrecking by engineers, [170], [174]
„ „ lime-burners, [174]
„ „ natives, [175]
„ of tombs, [171]
Yorkshire, pottery from, [160]
Zer, Aegean pottery of, [164–165]
„ black incised ware, [164]
„ bracelet of, [80]
„ ivory tablet of, [76]
Zinc, box for washing, [83]
„ blocks, [68], [118]
„ tally for accounts, [37–38]
„ trays for soaking stones, [86]
Zuweleyn, sarcophagi at, [10]

THE END

Printed by R. & R. Clark, Limited, Edinburgh.

WORKS BY W. M. FLINDERS PETRIE

THE PYRAMIDS & TEMPLES OF GIZEH. (Out of print).

TANIS I. 19 plates, 25s. Quaritch.

TANIS II. Nebesheh and Defenneh. 64 plates, 25s. Kegan Paul and Co.

NAUKRATIS I. 45 plates, 25s. Quaritch.