1 Bat
2 Butterfly
3 Beetle
4 Dragon-Fly
5 Bone of Birds Wing, Showing the three Divisions, Arm—Fore-arm—Hand.
6 Breast Bone of Swan
7 “ ” " Pigeon
8 “ ” " Pelican
9 & 10 Apteryx, Cassowary (degenerate wings).
Modes of Flight.
"The soaring lark is blest as proud
When at Heaven’s gate she sings:
The roving bee proclaims aloud
Her flight by vocal wings."—Wordsworth.
The movements of the wing in flight—Marey’s experiments—Stopping and turning movements—Alighting—“Taking off”—Hovering—The use of the tail in flight—The carriage of the neck in flight—And of the legs—The flight of petrels—The speed of flight—The height at which birds fly—Flight with burdens—Experiments on the sizes of the wing in relation to flight—Flight in “troops.”
W
While it is possible to show that certain kinds of flight are to be associated with such and such peculiarities of the skeleton, and the muscles attached thereto, there are many “eccentricities” which cannot be measured, and explained, in terms of mechanism.