FOOTNOTES:
[720] Barcelona, in 1068, led the way by the creation of an al-fondech (Latin, fundicus), or exchange (Capmany v. i. 26). This was greatly aided by the privileges given to it by James, king of Aragon, in 1265, by Pedro III. in 1283, by Peter IV. in 1343, and by many protections from English sovereigns, such as Edward III. in 1353 (Rymer, “Fœd.” V. v. p. 762).
[721] The original archives of Barcelona give many details of its large ships about the year 1331 (Capmany V. i. p. 46). In one instance, thirteen citizens built a “cog” of three decks, called the San Clemento, which captured several Genoese and Pisan vessels.
[722] See full details of these subjects very carefully worked out in an admirable “Life of Prince Henry the Navigator,” by R. H. Major, F.S.A., M.R.S.L., and Keeper of the Department of Maps, British Museum. Lond. 1868.
[723] Life of Prince Henry, p. 72.
[724] The famous motto of Prince Henry, which his life illustrated so fully, was “Talent de bien faire.” It is carved on his tomb at Batalha, of which Mr. Major gives a good engraving, p. 305.
[725] Major, pp. 322-391.
[726] Dias reached a river beyond Algoa Bay, now known as the great Fish River (Major, p. 345). He discovered the Cape on his return voyage.
[727] Condé, “Historia de la dominación de los Arabes en España, 8vo. Paris, 1840.”
[728] “Select Letters of Columbus,” edited, with a careful Introduction, by E. H. Major, Esq., F.S.A., for the Hakluyt Society, 2nd ed. 1870 and “Life of Columbus,” by Washington Irving. Lond. 12mo. 1830.