[232] Passengers landed at New York from the United Kingdom in 1870 by the following steamers:—
| Line. | Trips. | Cabin. | Steerage. | Total. | Deaths. |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Inman | 68 | 3,635 | 40,465 | 44,100 | 22 |
| National | 56 | 2,442 | 33,494 | 35,736 | 35 |
| Guion | 55 | 1,115 | 27,054 | 28,569 | 18 |
| Anchor | 74 | 1,637 | 23,404 | 25,041 | 19 |
| Cunard | 70 | 7,638 | 16,871 | 24,509 | 10 |
[233] On the average of the first seven voyages the City of Chester performed the passage from New York to Queenstown in eight days, eleven hours, and twenty-six minutes. The City of Richmond, too, in her first seven voyages made the same passage on an average of eight days, eleven hours, and fifty-eight minutes; the last-named ship, having on one occasion (April 1874) made the run from Sandy Hook (New York) to Fastnet (60 miles from Cork Harbour) in seven days, twenty-three hours.
[234] To these particulars Mr. Inman, in his evidence before the Committee of the House of Commons (Session 1874, p. 185) on tonnage measurement, adds, “the City of Berlin is about 40 feet (depth) to the hurricane deck, and about seven feet six inches in addition to the poop, and about seven feet to the captain’s bridge above that.... The depth from the main deck is about twenty-four feet.” This ship on her trial trip over the measured mile indicated 5200 horse-power, and an average speed of 14·825 knots per hour.
[235] The City of Berlin has just (Sept. 1875) made the two fastest passages across the Atlantic yet on record. See [Appendix No. 13, pp. 611-2].
[236] The founder of this firm, Mr. Alexander Allan, a native of Saltcoats, North Britain, afterwards removed to Glasgow, and owned a numerous fleet of sailing-ships, one of which in early life he himself commanded. His eldest son, James, followed his example, as did also his third son, the late Bryce Allan, of Liverpool. Other two, Hugh (now Sir Hugh Allan) and Andrew, established themselves in Montreal, where they managed the shipping business of the family, and James, when he retired from the sea, formed with Bryce and their youngest brother, Alexander, the now important branch of their business at Liverpool.
[237] The first four steamers of this firm were built by the late Mr. William Denny, of Dumbarton, and the skill of this eminent builder is evinced by the fact that one of these early steamers, the Anglo-Saxon, although designed, for economy of fuel and capacity, for cargo and passengers, rather than for speed, made the passage from Quebec to the Rock Light, Liverpool, in the then altogether unprecedented short time of nine days and five hours.
[238] [Appendix No. 14, p. 612].
[239] Ordered by the House of Commons to be printed, 23rd of July 1861.