[37] The Truth of Religion, p. 59.
[38] Cf. Decadence, Henry Sidgwick Memorial Lecture, by the Rt. Hon. Arthur James Balfour, M.P., 1908. Mr Balfour has perceived the problem in a more optimistic manner than Professor Eucken; but he, too, is conscious that much is required of the people. "Some kind of widespread exhilaration or excitement is required in order to enable any community to extract the best results from the raw material transmitted to it by natural inheritance" (p. 62).
[39] Main Currents of Modern Thought, p. 398.
[40] This aspect has been developed in modern times by Schopenhauer, Ed. von Hartmann, and others. Bergson seems to me to be greatly indebted to Schopenhauer. Schopenhauer's Will and Bergson's élan vital are practically the same (cf. Schopenhauer's Über den Willen in der Natur, and Bergson's Creative Evolution). Edward Carpenter, in his Art of Creation, has worked out a similar point of view independently of Bergson.
[41] Der Kampf um einen geistigen Lebensinhalt, Zweite Auflage, 1907, S. 331.
[42] Sonderdruck, 1905.
[43] George Meredith, The Sage Enamoured and the Honest Lady.
[44] Cf. the closing passages of Bradley's Appearance and Reality for a similar view; also the latter part of Ward's Realm of Ends.
[45] This weakness of Bergson's philosophy is shown in the whole of Bosanquet's Principle of Individuality and Value.
[46] It is a great merit of Windelband to have brought this aspect of the Ought prominently forward in contradistinction to the over-importance attached to the Will alone by the Pragmatists. Cf. his Präludien.