[1369]. Dion. Hal. 2. 40.
[1370]. C. I. L. I². 309: cf. 297 (Introduction, p. 9). The Lupercalia (15th) is an exception; but for reasons connected with that festival. The 21st (Feralia) is F P (Caer.) F (Maff.). See Introduction, p. 10. F P, according to Mommsen, = fastus principio.
[1371]. If Ovid reflects it rightly in Fasti, 5. 419 foll. Cp. Porph. on Hor. Ep. 2. 2. 209. See on Lemuria, above, p. [107].
[1372]. On the vast subject of the jus Manium and the worship of the dead, the following are some of the works that may be consulted: Marq. 307 foll., and vii. 350 foll.; De-Marchi, Il Culto Privato, p. 180 foll.; Roscher, Lex. articles Manes and Inferi; Bouché-Leclereq, Pontifes, 147 foll.; Rohde, Psyche, p. 630 foll. Two old treatises still form the basis of our knowledge: Gutherius, de iure Manium, in Graevius’ Thesaurus, vol. xii.; and Kirchmann, de Funeribus (1605). Valuable matter has still to be collected (for later times) from the Corpus Inscriptionum.
[1373]. This was the universal practice in Italy from the earliest times, so far as we have as yet learnt from excavations. For the question whether burial in or close to the house, or within the city walls, preceded burial in necropoleis, see Classical Review, for February, 1897, p. 32 foll. Servius (Ad Aen. 5. 64; 6. 152; cp. Isidorus, 15. ii. 1) tells us that they once buried in the house, and there were facts that might suggest this in the cult of the Lares, and in the private ghost-driving of the Lemuria; but we cannot prove it, and it is not true of the Romans at any period. Not even the well-known law of the XII Tables can prove that burial ever regularly took place within the existing walls of a city.
[1374]. Cic. De Legg. 2. 48. Cp. Virg. Aen. 5. 49:
Iamque dies, ni fallor, adest, quern semper acerbum,
Semper honoratum—sic di voluistis—habebo.
[1375]. Marq. 311 foll.
[1376]. Purpureosque iacit flores, Virg. Aen. 5. 79. Cp. Cic. pro Flacco, 38. 95.