Early London: Prehistoric, Roman, Saxon and Norman

by Walter Besant

• Abbot of Westminster, [258], [271]
• Abbot’s Mill, [11]
• Abridge, [154]
• Addle Street, [244]
• Ælfric, Dialogues of, [204]
• Æsc, [135]
• Agas’ map, [114], [117]
• Agricola, Julius, [22], [59], [60]
• Albinus, [60]
• Aldborough, [92]
• Aldeburg, [22]
• Aldermanbury, [116], [244]
• Aldersgate Street, [116]
• Aldrœnus, [145]
• Aldwulf, Bishop of Rochester, [164], [165]
• Alfred, King, [155], [165], [167], [168], [173], [174], [175], [176], [177], [180], [185], [191], [197], [198], [212]
• Alfred, son of Ethelred, [192]
• Algar, [323]
• Alhune, Bishop, [165]
• Allectus, [22], [64], [66], [67], [68]
• Alphage, Archbishop of Canterbury, [170], [173];
• translation of remains of, [191]-192, [234]
• Amesbury, slaughter of Britons at, [146]
• Ammandinus, Valerius, [35]
• Amphitheatre, [83], [85], [86], [87], [88], [91], [139]
• Amusements: badger-baiting, [227], [315];
• ball, [312];
• bear-baiting, [227], [315];
• bone-throwing, [173];
• bull-baiting, [227], [312], [315];
• casting stones, [315];
• chess, [228];
• cock-fighting, [312];
• dancing, [227], [315];
• dice, [228];
• “flyting,” [172]-173;
• hawking, [227], [228], [317];
• hunting, [227]-228, [317];
• ice-sports, [316];
• juggling, [173];
• jumping, [227];
• leaping, [229], [315];
• mock battles, [313];
• racing, [313]-314;
• rowing, [227];
• running, [229], [313];
• sea-fights, [314];
• shooting, [315];
• skating, [227];
• swimming, [227];
• taeflmen, [228];
• throwing the javelin, [315];
• tumbling, [173], [226];
• wrestling, [229], [315]
• Anderida, [135], [148]
• Andreds Wald, [4]
• Androgeus, [19]
• Angevins, [289], [290]
• Angles, [74], [145]
• Anglo-Saxon Chronicle, [132], [135], [148], [149], [155], [158], [165], [166], [167], [168], [173], [174], [175], [179], [180], [185], [189], [190], [191], [192], [200], [256], [270], [272], [273]
• Anselm, Archbishop of Canterbury, [334], [335], [336]
• Ansgar, [323]
• Antoninus’ Wall, [58], [60]
• Arles, Council of, British Bishops at, [74], [105]
• Armentarius, Galerius, [64]
• Armorica, [145]
• Army of Britain: extent of, in fourth century, [69];
• character of, [73]
• Artesian Wells, [14]
• Arthur, King, [147], [148]
• Arts and Crafts: [41], [42], [45], [76], [93], [97], [98], [99], [100], [101], [102], [104], [105], [106], [107], [109], [110], [201], [224], [261], [323], [327]
• Arundel, Earls of, [326]
• Asclepiodotus, [67], [68]
• Athelstan, King, [39], [133], [168], [179], [180], [191], [200], [205]
• Augustine, [147], [155]
• Augustus, [22], [53]
• Aurelian, [61]
• Aurelius, [145], [146], [147], [148]
• Ausonius, [89]
• Avienus, [41]
• Aylwin, founder of Bermondsey Abbey, [323], [328]
• Bagford, John, [96]
• Bamborough, [182]
• Bamfleet, [176]
• Bank of England, spring beneath, [29], [321]
• Barge Yard, [29]
• Barking Abbey, [212];
• Charter of, [164]
• Basing, [323]
• Batavians, [64]
• Baths, [80], [83], [87], [88], [106], [133]
• Battersea, [26]
• Bawdwen, Rev. William, [262]
• Beaumont, Lord, [326]
• Becket, Gilbert, [289], [346], [363]
• Becket, Thomas, [289], [318], [363]
• Bede, [36], [39], [76], [77], [154], [155], [158], [161], [162], [163], [164], [208], [209], [210], [213], [232]
• Belgravia, [12]
• Belinus, [18]
• Bericus, [54]
• Berkhampstead, [250]
• Bermondsey, [26]
• Bermondsey Abbey, [212], [328]
• Berthwulf, King of Mercia, [166]
• Bevis, Sir, of Hampton, [133]
• Billeting, [287]
• Billingsgate, [18], [82], [125], [126], [153], [154], [156], [198], [244], [337]
• Bishopsgate, [121], [123], [124], [136], [244], [325]
• Bishopsgate Street, [81]
• Bitterne, [60], [61], [63], [65]
• Black, Mr. W. H., [98] note
• Blackfriars, [88]
• Blackwell Hall, [18]
• Boadicea, [43], [46], [50], [57]
• Bonney, Prof. T. G., [24]
• Bonosus, [61]
• Bordeaux, in fourth century, [89], [90]
• Botolph Lane, [326]
• Botolph Wharf, [105]
• Boulogne, [62], [63], [64], [66]
• Bow Lane, [96]
• Bradwell, [64]
• Bread Street, [30], [245]
• Bretagne, [78]
• Bridge Creek, [26]
• Bridge Gate, [125]
• Bridges, [28], [55], [130], [132];
• London, [45], [105], [106], [126], [127], [128]-132, [154], [156], [185], [186], [187], [189], [194];
• Stanstead, [177]
• Briset, Jordan, [277]
• Britain, anarchy, lawlessness and oppression in, [73];
• disorder after Roman withdrawal, [135], [136], [165], [183];
• division of, [69], [73];
• famine in, [298];
• government of, [69];
• revolts in, [57];
• spirit and character of its people, [75], [76], [77], [78];
• under Cnut, [190], [191];
• unrest in, [68], [290], [291], [292], [298]
• Brook Street, [11]
• Brunanburgh, Battle of, [179]
• Brute, [17], [18]
• Buchuinte, Andrew, [285]
• Buckerel, [323]
• Bull and Mouth Street, [116], [124]
• Burgred, King of Mercia, [165]
• Caerleon, [19], [58]
• Cæsar, Julius, [19], [20], [21], [22], [23], [53], [56]
• Cambridge, [167];
• sacked and burned, [298]
• Camden, [119], [133]
• Camomile Street, [96], [118], [123], [124]
• Camulodunum. See Colchester
• Candlewick Street, [133]
• Canterbury, [74], [147], [155], [166], [198]
• Canulf, King of Mercia, [165]
• Carausius, [61], [62], [63], [64], [65], [66], [67], [69]
• Carpenters’ Hall, [96]
• Cars Dyke, [63], [64]
• Caruil, [21]
• Carus, [61]
• Cassius, Dion, [22], [54], [55], [128], [129]
• Cassivelaunus, [19], [20], [53]
• Catena, Paulus, [70], [71], [73], [113]
• Cedda, Bishop of London, [163]
• Chaffers, Mr. W., [99]
• Charmouth, [163], [166]
• Charter of Geoffrey de Mandeville, [260]
• Charter of Henry I., [200], [276], [279]-288
• Charterhouse, pump at, [13]
• Charters of William the Conqueror, [160], [253], [254], [260], [288], [292]
• Cheapside, [30], [96], [324]
• Chelsea, [26], [268]
• Chepe, [244]
• Chertsey Abbey, [212]
• Chester, [58], [74], [138]
• Chesters (Northumberland), [93]
• Chichester, [94]
• Chippenham, [173]
• Chlorus, Constantius, [64], [66], [67], [68]
• Cholera, [13]
• Christianity, [40], [74], [75], [85], [105], [108], [109], [110], [161], [162], [163], [164], [194], [195], [221], [222], [289], [290], [302], [327]-329
• Christ’s Hospital, [124]
• Chrysanthus, [73]
• Church, The, [105], [161], [201], [214], [215], [217], [219], [222], [230], [310]-311,
• 335;
• land held by, [262]-271;
• and William Rufus, [272], [274];
• plundered by Stephen, [297]
• Churches, destruction of, [167], [211]-212;
• number of, in twelfth century, [302], [321];
• Saxon and Danish, [214];
• All Hallows, [115], [124], [244];
• All Saints, [85];
• Bradford on Avon, Saxon church at, [213];
• Christ Church, Canterbury, [133];
• Greenstead, Essex, [39], [213];
• St. Alban’s, Wood Street, [164];
• St. Andrew’s, Rochester, [155];
• St. Botolph, [244];
• St. Clement Danes, [192], [194];
• St. Ethelburga, [244];
• St. Giles in the Fields, [328];
• St. John, Walbrook, [28];
• St. Magnus, [173];
• St. Martin’s, [212];
• St. Mary le Bow, [29], [30], [137];
• St. Mary Woolnoth, [96];
• St. Michael’s, Crooked Lane, [85], [106];
• St. Olave, Hart Street, [182];
• St. Olave, Jewry, [182];
• St. Olave, Silver Street, [182];
• St. Olave, Tooley Street, [182];
• St. Osyth, [244];
• St. Paul’s, [36], [37], [96], [155], [161], [184], [190], [212], [259], [270], [318], [321];
• St. Peter’s, Thorney (afterwards Westminster Abbey), [37], [38], [39], [40], [192], [194], [212], [231], [232], [233], [234], [235], [236], [253], [256], [257], [258], [260], [261], [328];
• St. Saviour’s, [328];
• St. Stephen upon Walbrook, [28], [29]
• Cilcester, [22]
• Cingetorix, [21]
• Circus, The, [91]
• Cirencester, [173]
• City Ditch, [28]
• City Wall, [28], [29]
• City Wards, [157]
• Claudius, [23], [54], [55]
• Clausentum. See Bitterne
• Clerkenwell, [27];
• Benedictine Nunnery at, [260], [277], [328]
• Cnihten Gild, [206], [285], [329]-334, [346];
• Charters of, [330], [331]
• Cnut, [39], [183], [184], [187], [188], [189], [190], [191], [200], [228], [234], [251]
• Coinage, [42], [62], [63], [64], [67], [68], [111], [202], [243], [244]
• Coinred, King of Mercia, [164]
• Colchester, [23], [43], [56], [58], [74], [94];
• massacre at, [57]
• Coldringham Abbey, [212]
• Coleman Street, [244]
• Collegia privata, [206], [207]
• Comius of Arras, [21]
• Commodus, [60]
• “Compter,” the, [122]
• Compurgation, [280], [286], [287]
• Conscription, [68]
• Constans, [70], [145]
• Constantine, [73]
• Constantine, brother of Aldrœnus, [145]
• Constantine, cousin of Arthur, [147], [148]
• Constantine the Great, [68], [69], [119], [120], [318]
• Conyers, John, [96], [110]
• “Cookery, Place of,” [306]-307
• Cooper’s Row, Crutched Friars, [121]
• Coote, Mr. H. C., [330], [331], [332]
• Corner, Mr. G. R., [118]
• Cornhill, [81], [96], [244]
• Coronation Service of Ethelred, [236]-242
• Crayford, Battle of, [132], [135], [148]
• Criminals, punishment of, [215], [216], [217]
• Cripplegate, [124]
• Crooked Lane, [127]
• Crosby Hall, [326]
• Crowland Abbey, [203], [212]
• Crusaders, [300]
• Cunningham, [261]
• Cunodagius, [18]
• Custom-house, the, [105]
• Danegeld, [276], [280], [286]
• Danes, [165], [166], [167], [168], [176], [177], [179], [182], [183], [184], [186], [191];
• character of, [170], [171], [173];
• in London, [169]-175;
• religions of, [170], [173]
• Danish Remains, [245]
• Deva. See Chester
• Diana, Temple of, [95], [96]
• Diocletian, [61], [63], [64], [69], [105]
• Divitiacus, King of Soissons, [42]
• Dogs, [228]
• Domesday Book, [198], [212], [259], [262]-271, [342]
• Domitian, [63]
• Dorchester, [138]
• Dover, [23], [34], [74], [94], [132]
• Dover Street, [38]
• Dowgate, [82], [125], [153], [156]
• Drinking, [220], [221], [226], [227], [311]
• Dryburgh Abbey, [203]
• Dubritius, Archbishop of London, [147]
• Duckworth, Dr. Dyce, [100]
• Dulcitius, Duke, [72]
• Dunstan, [212], [214], [232]
• Dunwallo, Mulmutius, [18]
• Dyfan, [36]
• Eadbald, King, [161], [163]
• Eadric, [184], [234]
• Eadwig, King, [331]
• East Cheap, [158], [337]
• Edgar, King, [39], [180], [185], [215], [219], [232], [233]
• Edgar the Atheling, [250], [251], [252], [253], [256]
• Edgware Road, the, [36], [129]
• Edmund, King of East Anglia, [167]
• Edmund, King of the English, [180]
• Edmund Atheling, [184]
• Edmund Ironside, [184], [190]
• Edred, King, [180]
• Edred’s Hythe. See Queenhithe
• Edric the Fisherman, [38]
• Education, [58], [59], [224], [228], [229], [230], [303], [304]
• Edward the Confessor, [39], [192], [194], [234], [235], [236], [243], [260]-261
• Edward the Elder, [179], [200]
• Effeminacy, [76], [77], [274], [277]
• Egbert, Archbishop, [219]
• Egbert, King, [165], [166]
• Egyptian Rule, the, [40]
• Eia (? Ealing), [267]
• Elbow Lane, [326]
• Eleutherius, Pope, [36]
• Eli, King, [95], [96]
• Elton, Charles I., [41], [50], [160]
• Ely Abbey, [203], [212]
• Embroidery, Anglo-Saxon, [224], [225]
• Emma, Queen, [39], [224]
• Erkenwald, Bishop of London, [163], [164], [212]
• Ermin Street, [136]
• Ethandun, [173]
• Ethelbald, King of Mercia, [164], [165]
• Ethelbert, King, [155], [161], [180]
• Ethelred, Earl, [232]
• Ethelred, son-in-law of Alfred, [175], [176], [177]
• Ethelred the Unready, [39], [180], [182], [183], [184], [186], [187], [204], [219]
• Ethelwerd, [145], [148]
• Ethelwulf, King, [166]
• Evans, Sir J., [10]
• Execution, places of, [217]
• Exeter, [218];
• “Fortress” of, [168]
• Fabyan, [134], [198]
• Famine of 1126, [277]
• Farringdon, [323]
• Fenchurch Street, [244]
• Ffagan, [36]
• Fire of London, the, [27], [81], [96]
• Fires, London, [130], [189], [197], [198], [234], [243], [259], [272], [277], [299], [311], [344]
• FitzAylwin, Henry, first Lord Mayor of London, [133], [336]
• FitzStephen, [115], [144], [301]-320, [338], [339]
• Fleet Prison, [86]
• Florence of Worcester, [272], [334]
• Folkmote, [217], [230], [252], [280], [284]
• Fortresses, [64], [69]
• Fountains Abbey, [203]
• Frank Pledge, the, [217]
• Franks, the, [23], [64], [65], [68]
• Freeman, [180]
• Friday Street, [245], [320]
• Frith Guild, [205], [206]
• Fulham, [168], [173], [174], [264]
• Gallienus, [60]
• Garlickhithe, [244]
• Gauls, [43], [53], [62]
• Gavelkind, [158], [159], [160]
• Geoffrey of Monmouth, [17], [19], [145], [148]
• Germanus, [145]
• Gervase of Cornhill, [285], [332], [345], [346], [347]
• Gesoriacum. See Boulogne
• Geta, Cneius Osidius, [54]
• Gildas, [73], [76], [105]
• Giltspur Street, [122], [124]
• Glanville, [159]
• Glastonbury Abbey, [212], [232];
• lake-dwellings at, [33]
• Gloucester, [23]
• Godwin, Earl, [192], [194]
• Gomme, Mr. G. L., [142], [143], [144]
• Government, officers of, under Constantine the Great, [69]
• Gracechurch Street, [244]
• Granta, [64]
• Gratian, Emperor, [73]
• Great Dean’s Yard, Westminster, pump at, [13]
• Great Tower Street, [244]
• Green Arbour Court, [86]
• Green, J. R., [141], [275], [289], [290]
• Grossetête, Bishop, [240]-241
• Grunhilda, [182]
• Guest, Edwin, [54], [55], [94], [128], [129]
• Guilds, [76], [205]-208, [224]
• Guithelin, Archbishop of London, [145]
• Gundulf, Bishop of Rochester, [259]
• Gurbodus, [18]
• Hadrian, [60]
• Hadrian’s Wall, [57], [58], [60]
• Hales, Professor, [50], [142]
• Hallowing of St. Peter’s, Thorney, miracle of, [37], [38], [231]
• Hampstead, [24], [142], [266]
• Hampstead Barrow, [50]
• Hampstead Heath, [13]
• Harold, King, [183], [191], [192], [194], [251]
• Harthacnut, King, [191], [192], [220]
• Harwood, John, [96]
• Haverhill, [323]
• Hay Hill, [11]
• Hedge Lane, [95]
• Helena, [68]
• Hengist, [135], [145], [146], [147]
• Henry of Huntingdon, [145], [148], [292], [297], [298], [300], [334]
• Henry the First, [275]-278
• Henry the Second, [283], [284], [285], [286], [289], [300]
• Henry the Third, [318]
• Herlwins, the, [345]-346
• Himilco, [40]
• Holborn, [132]
• Holborn Hill, [88]
• Hollinshed, [299]
• Holy Trinity, Priory of the, [133], [277], [285], [328], [332]
• Honey Lane, [245], [320]
• Honey Lane Market, [30]
• Honorius, [73]
• Horn, [17]
• Horne, [323]
• Houndsditch, [115]
• Howell, James, [133]
• Hoxton, [265]
• Hurley, Benedictine Priory at, [293]
• Hustings, the, [194], [217], [280]
• Hythe, [23]
• Iceni, the, [57]
• Inheritance, Right of, [254]
• Inscriptions and sculptures, list of important Roman, [107]-108
• Invasions, Danish, [165], [166], [167];
• Roman, [20], [21], [23], [53], [54], [60];
• Saxon, [36], [37]
• Iona Abbey, [212]
• Ipswich, [185]
• Islington, [265], [270]
• Jacobs, Joseph, [260]
• Jarrow Abbey, [212]
• Jarumnan, Bishop of Lichfield, [183]
• Jews in England, [260];
• cemetery of, [86];
• debate with Christians, [273]
• John, King, [284]
• John of Cremona, Cardinal of Rome, [334], [335]
• Jonson, Ben, [27]
• Julianus, Didius, [60]
• Justus, Bishop of Rochester, [155], [162], [163]
• Jutes, [74], [145]
• Keltoi, the, [54]
• Kemble, J. M., [164]
• Kemp, Mr., [96]
• Ken Street, Southwark, [96]
• Kencester, [22]
• Kensington, [268]-270
• Kilburn, [26]
• King’s Street, [96]
• Knightsbridge, [26]
• Lactantius, [110]
• Lake-dwellers, [33], [34]
• Lambeth, [26], [34], [37], [56]
• Lambeth Hill, [244]
• Langbourne, [80]
• Language in fourth century, [70]
• L’Arche, Pont de, [326]
• Laurentius, Archbishop of Canterbury, [162], [163]
• Lazar-house of St. Giles in the Fields, [277]
• Leadenhall Street, [244]
• Lewis, Hayter, [138]
• Lincoln, [94], [138], [146]
• Lindisfarne Abbey, [212]
• Lisson Grove, [270]
• Living, Archbishop, [190]
• Locrine, [18]
• Loftie, Rev. W. J., [85], [222]
• Lollesworth. See Spitalfields
• Lollianus, [60]
• Lombard Street, [244]
• London, agriculture in, [144];
• an annual Fair, [48], [65];
• and the Romans, [48], [49];
• and William the Conqueror, [249], [250], [251], [252], [253], [254];
• appearance of, [197]-200;
• attacked by Olaf and Swegen, [182], [183];
• besieged by Cnut, [184], [185];
• Cnut’s trench, [184], [185], [187], [188];
• Citadel of, [59], [79], [80], [84], [87], [88], [128], [130], [131], [132], [138], [147], [156];
• described by FitzStephen, [301]-318;
• desertion and ruin of, [136], [137], [140], [141], [142], [143], [145], [153], [170], [174];
• division of, [81];
• first mentioned by Tacitus, [22], [23], [55], [68];
• fleet at, [194];
• food supply of, [50], [169], [229], [339];
• Government and officers of Government, [75], [91], [215], [280], [281], [282], [283], [284], [310], [344];
• growth of, and conditions governing growth, [12]-14;
• houses of, [229], [230], [322]-324, [326];
• importance of, in tenth century, [180], [181];
• life in, [88], [89], [90], [91];
• massacre at, [57], [59], [130];
• overlord of, [158], [159], [160];
• pen picture of, [83], [84];
• plundered, [68];
• poorer part of, [83], [84], [88], [93];
• population of, [190], [230], [319], [320];
• prehistoric monuments of, [50];
• prehistoric settlements at, [33], [34];
• public lands of, [143], [144], [199], [200], [279], [280], [281], [282], [283];
• residential, [49], [79], [80], [81], [82], [83], [84], [85], [87], [88], [92], [271], [326]-327, [339];
• settlers in, [261], [289];
• site of, [3], [4], [5], [23]-32, [54], [55], [139];
• social life of, [340], [341];
• spirit of its people, [76];
• taken by Alfred, [174];
• by Danes, [166];
• by Saxons, [146], [148];
• the lake fortress, [34];
• tradition of origin and foundation, [17], [18];
• under Alfred, [177];
• under Henry I., [276], [278];
• under William Rufus, [273]-274
• London Stone, [80], [133]-134, [156], [326]
• London Wall, [71], [84], [85], [86], [87], [88], [112]-124, [128], [132], [133], [142], [153], [177], [210]
• Long Acre, [95]
• Lothbury, [244]
• Luard, [323]
• Lucius, King, [36]
• Lud, King, [18], [19]
• Ludgate, [18], [19], [50], [244]
• Lympne (or Lymne), [74], [92], [94]
• Lysons, Samuel, [91]
• Madox, [337]-338
• Magnentius, [70], [92]
• Maitland, [30], [124], [134], [164], [177], [179], [187], [189], [299]
• Maldon, [182], [185]
• Mandeville, Geoffrey de, [282], [283], [285], [293], [294], [296], [297], [298], [299]
• Mandubrace, [20], [21]
• Manners and customs, [43], [45], [49], [53], [219]-230, [304]
• Marcellus, Ulpius, [60]
• Marcus, Emperor, [73]
• Marius, [60]
• Martial, [59], [63]
• Martinus, [70], [71]
• Marylebone, [11]
• Maryport (Cumberland), [93]
• Matilda, Empress, [282], [285], [292], [293], [294], [295], [296], [297], [299], [318]
• Matthew of Westminster, [145], [148], [259], [335]
• Maude, Queen, [276], [277], [294], [295], [296]
• Maurice, Bishop of London, [259]
• Maurusius, Victorinus, [61]
• Maximian, [61], [62], [63], [64], [65], [66]
• Maximus, Magnus, [72], [73]
• Measurement, Roman standard of, [119], [120]
• Medehamstede. See Peterborough
• Mela, Pomponius, [22]
• Mellitus, Bishop of London, [147], [148], [155], [161], [162], [163], [194]
• Menapii, [64]
• Mercer’s Hall, [30]
• Merlin, prophecy of, [147]
• Middlesex Forest, [32]
• Mildred, Bishop of Worcester, [165]
• Milk Street, [30]
• Mincing Lane, [59], [125], [225], [244]
• Minters, under Edward the Confessor, [243];
• under Harold, [244];
• under Henry I., mutilation of, [276]-277;
• under William the Conqueror, [244]
• Miskennings, [287]
• Mithraism, [75]
• Monasteries, [201], [203], [208], [209], [210], [211], [212]
• Monkwell Street, [124]
• Montfichet Tower, [259]
• Morality, state of, [247], [276], [301]-302, [305]
• Mordred, sons of, [147], [148]
• Murder, fines for, [286]
• Mutilation, [216], [217], [276]-277
• National Council at Westminster in 1136, [293]
• Nennius, [145], [148]
• Nero, [22]
• Newgate, [82], [85], [123]
• Newgate Street, [118], [132], [158]
• Niger, [60]
• Norman families, [345]-347;
• genealogies of, [348]
• Norman house, a, [326]
• Normans and English, fusion of, [338], [345]
• Norton, G., [286], [287], [288]
• Nunneries, [225]
• Nuns, costumes of, [225]-226, [336]
• Ockley, [166]
• Offa, King of Essex, [164]
• Offa, King of Mercia, [38], [39], [164], [232]
• Olaf, King of Norway, [182], [185], [186], [187]
• Old Bailey, [118], [124]
• Old Broad Street, [244]
• Old Jewry, [260]
• Old Kent Road, [84]
• Ongar, [154]
• Orgar, [323]
• Osbert, Octodenarius (or Osbern Huitdeniers), [285], [363]
• Osborne, [190], [191]
• Oswy, King of Northumbria, [163]
• Othere, [203]
• Oxford Street, [79], [132]
• Oyster Gate, [351]
• Park (or Tyburn) Lane, [36], [129]
• Parks, Green, [13], [129];
• Hyde, [13];
• St. James, [13]
• Parliament, Acts of, [27]
• Paulinus, Suetonius, [22], [57]
• Paul’s Wharf, [326]
• Pax Romana, [68], [74]
• Penances, [214], [215]
• Pendragon, Uther, [145], [146], [147], [148]
• Pertinax, [60]
• Peter of Colechurch, [132], [189]
• Peterborough Abbey, [167], [212]
• Pevensey, [64]
• Picts, Raids of, [63], [65], [68], [71], [73], [112], [145]
• Pie Corner, [99], [100]
• Pirates, [62], [64], [65], [112]
• Plautius, Aulus, [23], [54], [55], [56], [128]
• Pluralism, [325]
• Plymouth, [166]
• Poor, feeding of, [219], [220]
• Population of Britain, [43]
• Porchester, [64]
• Portland, [166]
• Ports, London, [82], [83], [87], [125], [126], [129], [132]
• Portsoken, [206], [333], [346]
• Posidonius, [41], [142]
• Post Office, St. Martin’s-le-Grand, [115]
• Postumus, [60]
• Poultry, The, [245], [320]
• Prasutagus, [57]
• Prestwich, Professor J., [9], [13], [15]
• Price, Mr. J. E., [122], [123], [134]
• Priests, marriage of, [334]-336, [345]-346
• Probus, Emperor, [61]
• Professional life in Bordeaux and London, [89], [90]
• Ptolemy, [84]
• Puddle Dock, [83], [327]
• Pytheas, [40], [41], [42], [45]
• Queen Street, [96]
• Queenhithe, [82], [83], [126], [198], [244], [325], [337]
• Rahere, [328]
• Ramsey Abbey, [212], [298]
• Reading, [167]
• “Recordatorium Civitatis,” [18]
• Reculver, [204]
• Religions, Pagan, [75], [81], [108], [109], [110], [161], [173], [221], [222], [223]
• Religious foundations, [208]-215, [290], [328]
• Repton, [167]
• Ribchester, [22]
• Richborough, [22], [23], [64], [73], [85], [94], [204]
• Rivers: Effra, [26], [31];
• Falcon, [23];
• Fleet, [4], [12], [26], [27], [28], [29], [86], [321];
• Lea, [12], [14], [26], [30], [31], [54], [55];
• Ravensborne, [26], [31];
• Severn, [56];
• Thames, [4], [14], [16], [17], [18], [20], [29], [31], [34], [46], [50], [55], [100], [128], [129], [131], [139], [142],
• 155, [158], [166], [186], [302], [351];
• Tyburn, [26], [27];
• Walbrook, [26], [28], [29], [30], [34], [46], [55], [59], [81], [84], [85], [88], [321];
• Wandle, [26], [31];
• Westbourne, [26]
• Roads, [36], [42], [44], [49], [56], [58], [59], [79], [88], [94], [129], [132], [139], [202], [203], [204], [205], [245]
• Robert of Gloucester, [232]
• Robinson, Thomas, [159]
• Rochester, [74], [155], [166], [174]
• Rocque, [31]
• Roger of Wendover, [145], [147], [148], [297], [335]
• Roman occupation, [59];
• end of, [73]
• Roman remains, [29], [30], [35], [46], [59], [80], [81], [88], [91], [95], [96], [97], [98], [99], [100], [101], [102], [103], [104], [105], [106], [107], [108], [109], [110], [111], [118], [119], [134], [137], [138], [353]-355;
• Strype on, [356]-360.
• Roman villa, [91], [92], [138]
• Round, Mr. J. H., [260], [277], [281], [282], [283], [284], [285], [292], [293], [296], [299], [330], [333], [345], [346], [347]
• Rowena, [146]
• Royal Exchange, New, [100]
• Rugmere, [265]
• Sabinus, Flavius, [54]
• Sacred relics, [39], [40], [210]
• St. Albans, [22], [43], [75], [147], [297];
• massacre at, [57];
• government of, [74]
• St. Alphege, Churchyard of, [115], [124]
• St. Bartholomew, Priory of, [277], [328]
• St. Bartholomew’s Hospital, [277], [328]
• St. Botolph’s Churchyard (Postmen’s Park), [116]
• St. Dunstan’s Hill, [96]
• St. Ethelburga, [164]
• St. Etheldreda, [224]
• St. Giles’s, Cripplegate, Churchyard of, [85], [115]
• St. Ives, sacked and burned, [298]
• St. John, Priory of, [277], [328]
• St. Mary Overies, [85], [326];
• Priory of, [212], [277]
• St. Osyth, [163], [164]
• St. Pancras, [265]
• Sandwich, [22], [182], [185], [204]
• Saxon incursions, [74]
• Saxon remains, [243]-245
• Saxons, [145], [146], [147], [148], [155], [161], [162], [165], [166], [172];
• characteristics of, [135], [136];
• in London, [136], [137], [138], [139], [142], [143], [157], [158], [160]
• Schools: Holy Trinity, [303];
• St. Anthony’s, [228];
• St. Martin’s-le-Grand, [212], [228], [305];
• St. Mary-le-Bow, [228];
• St. Paul’s, [212], [228], [305];
• Westminster, [243]
• Scots, raids of, [59], [60], [63], [65], [68], [71], [73], [112], [145]
• Seacoal Lane, [86]
• Sebert, King, [37], [39], [155], [161], [232];
• sons of, [161], [162], [163]
• Sees of London, York, and Caerleon, creation of, [19]
• Seething Lane, [244]
• Segorax, [21]
• Selds, [320]
• Senate, British, [64]
• Seneca, [110]
• Serpentine, the, [26]
• Settlers, fusion of, [69], [70]
• Severus, [60]
• Shaftesbury, Nunnery at, [212]
• Sharpe, [293], [299]
• Sheppey, [166]
• Shops, [337]
• Shore, Mr. T. W., [158], [160]
• Sigebert, King of the East Saxons, [163]
• Sighelm, [168]
• Sighere, King of East Saxons, [163]
• Silchester, [80], [94], [137]
• Size Lane, [164], [244]
• Slaves, [44], [83], [85], [89], [92], [137], [160], [162], [170], [171], [201], [216], [217], [218], [230], [342], [343]
• Smith, Mr. C. Roach, [67], [74], [86], [99], [100], [101], [110], [111], [115], [118], [124], [125]
• Smith, Mr. Worthington, [10]
• Smithfield, [271];
• fair at, [307]-309
• Soper’s Lane, [320]
• Southampton, [34], [166]
• Southwark, [12], [84], [88], [186], [188], [249], [250], [295]
• “Speculum,” [18]
• Spitalfields, Cemetery at, [96]-98
• Springs, [13], [29], [32];
• Badewell, [27];
• Clerkenwell, [27], [304];
• Fagswell, [27];
• Finchampstead, [27];
• Godwell, [27];
• Holy Well, [304];
• Loderswell, [27];
• Radwell, [27];
• St. Chad’s Well, [27];
• St. Clement’s Well, [304];
• Shepherd’s Well, [26];
• Skinnerswell, [27];
• Well Walk, Hampstead, [13]
• Spurrell, Mr. F. C. J., [10]
• Staines, [185], [186]
• Stangate, [129]
• Stangate Street, Lambeth, [36]
• Stanley, Dean, [11], [256], [257], [258], [260]-261
• Stephen, [275], [282], [285], [289]-300
• Stepney, [262]-264, [268]
• “Sticking,” [222], [223]
• Stokesay Castle, near Ludlow, [326]
• Story, Joseph, [143]
• Stow, [17], [29], [96], [97], [98], [115], [119], [121], [133], [245], [299], [329], [356]-360
• Strabo, [22], [23]
• Strype, [17], [96], [97], [98], [115], [133], [356]-360
• Stubbs, Bishop, [276], [284], [337]-338
• Stukeley, Dr., [62], [63], [64], [95]
• Sturbridge, [47]
• Sturleson, Snorro, [130], [186]
• Superstitions and credulity, [210], [211], [221], [222], [223], [274], [298]
• Swegen, King of Denmark, [182], [183]
• Sylvius, [63], [64]
• Synods, [334], [335]
• Taxation, [73], [190], [273], [276], [280], [286], [287], [288], [337]
• Taximagul, [21]
• Temples in Roman London, [81]
• Tertullian, [74], [105]
• Tessellated pavements discovered in London, list of, [103]-104
• Tetrici, the, [60]
• Thames Embankments, discoveries in, [351]-355
• Thames foreshore, [105], [106], [125], [126], [127], [198], [325]
• Thames Street, [82], [93], [124], [157], [198], [322], [326], [327], [337]
• Thames Valley, [3], [4];
• ancient implements found in, [10], [11];
• earth movements in, [6], [7], [8], [9], [11];
• fossils of, [6], [9], [10], [11];
• geological strata of, [5], [6], [7], [8], [9], [10], [11], [12], [13]
• Thanet, Isle of, [36], [41], [42], [166], [167]
• Theatre: in Roman London, [83], [85], [86], [90], [91];
• miracle plays, [312]
• Theodosius, [71], [72], [73], [113]
• Theomantius (or Temanticus), [19]
• Theonus, Archbishop of London, [147], [148]
• Thorney, [11], [26], [27], [31], [34], [35], [36], [37], [38], [39], [40], [43], [44], [46], [53], [129], [132], [135], [192], [231]-236
• Thorpe, Benjamin, [164], [215]
• Threadneedle Street, [81]
• Tin mines, [41], [42]
• Tintern Abbey, [203]
• Tite, Sir William, [28], [29], [30], [100], [105], [112], [124]
• Titus, [56]
• Tolls, [287]
• Tombs, [96], [97], [98], [100], [106], [107], [361]-362;
• as landmarks, [107]
• Tomlinson, Thomas, [30]
• Tothill, [26]
• Tower of London, [88], [259], [294], [296], [302]
• Tower Hill, [115], [124], [244], [327]
• Trade, [23], [34], [37], [40], [41], [43], [44], [45], [46], [49], [55], [58], [70], [74], [76], [79], [88], [93], [94], [110], [132], [135], [136], [139], [140], [141], [142], [143], [148], [153], [154], [155], [156], [157], [169], [170], [174], [175], [179], [180], [181], [198], [199], [200]-208, [218], [261], [273], [306]-307, [323]-324, [337], [339];
• and coinage, [42], [202], [203];
• imports and exports, [46], [47], [132], [143], [310], [343]-344
• Trades Unions, [224]
• Traitors and rebels, punishment of, [171]
• Treves, Roman, compared with Roman London, [86]-88
• Trial by Ordeal, [215], [216], [286]
• Trials, criminal, [284];
• civil, [286]
• Trinobantes, [20], [21], [54], [55]
• Turner, Sharon, [203]
• Tyburn, [11], [266]
• Tynemouth Abbey, [212]
• Tyrants, the Thirty, [60]
• Urbicus, Lollius, [60]
• Uriconium, [137]
• Valentinian, [71]
• Valentinus, [72]
• Vere, Aubrey de, [294], [332]
• Verulam. See St. Albans
• Vespasian, [54], [56]
• Victorinus, [60]
• Village tenure, [143]
• Vortigern, [145], [146], [147]
• Vortimer, [146], [148]
• Walbrook, [30], [47], [56], [81], [85], [88], [125], [126], [198], [244], [325]
• Wall, river-side, [124]-127, [153], [177], [184], [302], [320], [325]
• Walsingham, [232]
• Waltham Abbey, [251]
• Walworth, [84]
• Wandsworth Island, [31]
• Wantsum, the, [204]
• Wards, [323]
• Ware, [177]
• Wareham, [168]
• Warren, Sir Charles, [96]
• Water Companies, [13]
• Water supply, [13], [14], [15], [321]
• Watling Street, [36], [37], [53], [88], [128], [129], [132], [136], [139], [244];
• Gate of, [124]
• Weapons, [42], [45], [172], [217], [218]
• Wearmouth Abbey, [211]-212
• Weever, [119]
• Westbourne Street, Chelsea, [26]
• Westbourne Terrace, [26]
• West Chepe, [158]
• West Chepe Market, [29], [30], [337]
• Westminster, [27], [56], [194], [266];
• King’s House at, [195], [234], [235], [272], [303]
• Whitaker, W., [11], [13]
• Whittington, [326]
• Wihtred, King, [158]
• William of Malmesbury, [273]
• William Rufus, [272]-274, [275]
• William the Conqueror, [249]-261, [270];
• coronation of, [256], [257], [258]
• Wilson, Archbishop, [219], [220]
• Winchelsea, [26]
• Winchester, [146], [147], [166], [167], [192], [296];
• Nunnery at, [212]
• Windows, [110], [111]
• Witan, [183], [190]
• Witanagemots: at London, [165], [166], [180];
• at Oxford, [191]
• Women: as courtesans, [274];
• education of, [224];
• morality of Danish, [171];
• occupations of, [224], [230];
• punishment of, [217], [222];
• treatment of captured, [162]
• Wood Street, [244], [320]
• Woodchester, Roman villa at, [91], [92]
• Woodward, H. B., [15]
• Woodward, Dr. John, [96], [118]
• Wool Quay, [105]
• Wren, Sir Christopher, [107], [134]
• Wright, Thomas, [60], [72], [74], [75], [190]-191, [201], [215], [218], [224], [225]
• Wroxcester, [22], [94]
• Wulfstan, Bishop of Worcester, [261]
• Wulnoth, Abbot of St. Peter’s, Thorney, [234]
• Wyngaerde’s Map, [114]
• York, [19], [58], [63], [68], [69], [73], [74], [94], [146], [147], [198];
• government of, [75]

Printed by R. & R. Clark, Limited, Edinburgh

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A LIST OF
BOOKS ON
LONDON
PUBLISHED BY
A. & C. BLACK
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The first instalment of Sir Walter Besant’s “Magnum Opus,” “The Survey of London.”

LONDON
IN THE EIGHTEENTH CENTURY
By Sir WALTER BESANT

In One Volume, Demy 4to, Cloth, Gilt Top, 680 pages. Containing 104 Illustrations from Contemporary Prints, and a Map.

PRICE 30s. NET