Fig. 2 gives a sectional view, showing the cylinder and liner. The latter is a very desirable feature in any type of gas engine, but especially in the larger sizes; for at any future time, should it be found necessary to re-bore the liner, it can be removed with comparative ease, and is, moreover, more readily dealt with in the lathe than the whole cylinder casting would be.
The liner is virtually a cast-iron tube, with a specially shaped flange at either end. At the back end the joint between it and the cylinder casting has to be very carefully made. This is a water and explosion joint; hence it has not only to prevent water entering the cylinder from the water-jacket, but also to be sufficiently strong to withstand the pressure generated in the cylinder when the charge is fired. For this purpose specially prepared coppered asbestos rings are used, which will stand both water and intense heat. Sometimes a copper ring alone is employed to make the joint. At the front end the liner is just a good fit, and enters the bed easily, and a couple of bolts fitted in corresponding lugs on the liner, pass through the back end of cylinder casting, so that by tightening up these the joint at back end is made secure. A small groove is cut on a flange, and a rubber ring, of about 1⁄4-in. sectional diameter, is inserted here when the liner is fitted into the cylinder casting. This makes the water-jacket joint at the front end.
Fig. 3.
Fig. 5.
Fig. 4.