The study of the comparative anatomy of organs down to the finest details has always been a most important aid in finding out relationship between animals or groups of animals. My theory endorses this view to the uttermost, and especially indicates the study of the central nervous system and its outgoing nerves as that comparative study which is most likely to afford valuable results.
As for the individual, so for the nation; as for the nation, so for the race; the law of evolution teaches that in all cases brain-power wins. Throughout, from the dawn of animal life up to the present day, the evidence given in this book suggests that the same law has always held. In all cases, upward progress is associated with a development of the central nervous system.
The law for the whole animal kingdom is the same as for the individual. "Success in this world depends upon brains."
BIBLIOGRAPHY AND INDEX OF AUTHORS
| Author's name. | Title of Paper. | Pages of reference. |
|---|---|---|
| AHLBORN | "Untersuchungen über das Gehirn der Petromyzonten" | [210], [489] |
| Zeitsch. f. wiss. Zool. Vol. 39. 1883 | ||
| "Ueber die Segmentation des Wirbelthierkörpers" | [260] | |
| Zeitsch. f. wiss. Zool. Vol. 40. 1884 | ||
| AICHEL | "Vergleichende Entwicklungsgeschichte und Stammesgeschichte der Nebennieren" | [424], [428] |
| Arch. f. Mikr. Anat. Vol. 56. 1900 | ||
| ALCOCK | [135], [287], [288], [289], [304], [307], [347], [445] | |
| "The Peripheral Distribution of the Cranial Nerves of Ammocœtes" | [164], [171], [177], [188], [202], [297], [300], [310], [311], [316] | |
| Journ. of Anat. and Physiol. Vol. 33. 1898 | ||
| "On Proteid Digestion in Ammocœtes" | [58], [213], [442], [452] | |
| Journ. of Anat. and Physiol. Vol. 33. 1898 | ||
| ALLEN | "Studies on the Nervous System of Crustacea" | [489] |
| Q. J. Micr. Sci. Vol. 36. 1894 | ||
| ANDERSON, H. K. | [448], [470] | |
| "The Nature of the Lesions which hinder the Development of Nerve-cells and their Processes | [466], [467], [469] | |
| Journ. of Physiol. Vol. 28. 1902 | ||
| "On the Myelination of Nerve-fibres" | [467], [477] | |
| Report of the Brit. Assn. 1898 | ||
| APATHY | "Das leitende Element des Nervensystems und seine topographischen Beziehung zu den Zellen" | [467] |
| Mitth. a. d. Zool. Stat. zu Neapel. Vol. 12. 1896 | ||
| ASSHETON | "On the Phenomenon of the Fusion of the Epiblastic Layers in the Rabbit and in the Frog" | [42] |
| Q. J. Micr. Sci. Vol. 37. 1894 | ||
| "An Experimental Examination into the Growth of the Blastoderm of the Chick" | [154] | |
| Proc. of Roy. Soc. Vol. 60. 1896 | ||
| "On the Growth in Length of the Frog Embryo" | [154] | |
| Q. J. Micr. Sci. Vol. 37. 1894 | ||
| "A Re-investigation into the Early Stages of the Development of the Rabbit" | [154] | |
| Q. J. Micr. Sci. Vol. 37. 1894 | ||
| "The Primitive Streak of the Rabbit: the Causes which may determine its Shape, and the part of the Embryo formed by its Activity" | [154] | |
| Q. J. Micr. Sci. Vol. 37. 1894 | ||
| BALFOUR | 'Comparative Embryology.' Vol. 2 | [73], [74], [94], [103], [104], [120], [181], [259], [424] |
| London. 1881. Macmillan & Co. | ||
| "On the Origin and History of the Urino-genital Organs of Vertebrates" | [390], [392] | |
| Journ. of Anat. and Physiol. Vol. 10. 1876 | ||
| "On the Nature of the Organ in Adult Teleosteans and Ganoids, which is usually regarded as the Head-kidney or Pronephros" | [420] | |
| Q. J. Micr. Sci. Vol. 22. 1882 | ||
| BARKER | 'The Nervous System' | [470] |
| London. 1901 | ||
| BATESON | "The Ancestry of the Chordata" | [11] |
| Q. J. Micr. Sci. Vol. 26. 1886 | ||
| 'Materials for the Study of Variation' | [387] | |
| London. 1894 | ||
| BEARD | "The System of Branchial Sense Organs and their Associated Ganglia in Ichthyopsida" | [262], [281], [283] |
| Q. J. Micr. Sci. Vol. 26. 1885 | ||
| "The Development of the Peripheral Nervous System in Vertebrates" | [262], [281], [283] | |
| Q. J. Micr. Sci. Vol. 29. 1888 | ||
| "The Old Mouth and the New" | [318] | |
| Anat. Anzeiger. 1888 | ||
| "The Source of Leucocytes and the True Function of the Thymus" | [425], [426] | |
| Anat. Anzeiger. Vol. 18. 1900 | ||
| "The Parietal Eye of the Cyclostome Fishes" | [84] | |
| Q. J. Micr. Sci. Vol. 29. 1882 | ||
| BECK AND LANKESTER | "On the Muscular and Endo-skeletal Tissues of Scorpio" | [171], [222], [224], [247], [268]-[277] |
| Trans. Zool. Soc. Vol. 11. 1885 | ||
| BEECHER | "Natural Classification of the Trilobites" | [283], [351], [436], [437] |
| Amer. Journ. of Sci. Ser. 4. Vol. 3. 1897 | ||
| BELL, C. | 'The Nervous System of the Human Body' | [155], [156], [183] |
| London. 1830 | ||
| BELLONCI | "Système Nerveux et Organes des sens du Sphæroma serratum" | [62], [90], [92], [101] |
| Archiv. Ital. de Biol. Vol. 1. 1882 | ||
| "Sur la structure et les rapports des lobes olfactives dans les Arthropods superieurs et les Vertébrés" | [221],[225] | |
| Archiv. Ital. de Biol. Vol. 3. 1883 | ||
| BENHAM AND LANKESTER | "On the Muscular and Endo-skeletal Systems of Limulus" | [143], [171], [176], [177], [247] |
| Trans. Zool. Soc. Vol. 11. 1885 | ||
BERGER | "Untersuchungen über den Bau des Gehirns und der Retina der Arthropoden" | [88]-[92], [97], [100], [101] |
| Arbeit. a. d. Zool. Instit. Wien. Vol. 1. 1878 | ||
| BERGH | "Neue Beiträge zur Embryologie der Anneliden" | [478] |
| Zeitsch. f. wiss. Zool. Vol. 50. 1890 | ||
| BERKLEY | "The Intrinsic Nerves of the Kidney" | [477] |
| Bulletin of the Johns Hopkins Hospital. Vol. 4 | ||
| BERNARD | 'The Apodidæ: a Morphological Study' | [284] |
| Nature Series. 1892 | ||
| BERTKAU | "Beiträge zur Kenntniss der Sinnesorgane der Spinnen. 1. Die Augen der Spinnen" | [369] |
| Archiv. f. mikr. Anat. Vol. 27. 1886 | ||
| BIEDERMANN | 'Electro-physiology' | [20] |
| Translated by F. A. Welby. London. 1896 | ||
| BLANCHARD | Quoted by Huxley | [225] |
| 'L'Organisation du Règne Animal. Arachnides' | [109], [177], [190], [206], [313], [315] | |
| Paris. 1852 | ||
| BLES | "The Correlated Distribution of Abdominal Pores and Nephrostomes in Fishes" | [431] |
| Journ. of Anat. and Physiol. Vol. 32. 1898 | ||
| BOBRETSKY | 'Development of Astacus and Palæmon' | [74] |
| Kiew. 1873 | ||
| BOURNE AND LANKESTER | See Lankester and Bourne. | |
| BOVERI | "Die Nieren Canälchen des Amphioxus" | [392], [395], [402], [407], [412], [426], [427] |
| Zool. Jahrbuch. Vol. 5. 1892 | ||
| BRAEM | "Was ist ein Keimblatt" | [460], [461], [462] |
| Biol. Centralblatt. Vol. 15. 1895 | ||
| BRAUER | "Beiträge zur Kenntniss der Entwicklungsgeschichte des Skorpions" | [62], [167], [222], [237], [281], [482] |
| Zeit. f. wiss. Zool. Part I. Vol. 57. 1894 Part II. Vol. 59. 1895 | ||
| "Beiträge zur Kenntniss der Entwicklung und Anatomie der Gymnophionen." III. | [393], [394], [400], [402] | |
| "Die Entwicklung der Excretionsorgane" Zool. Jahrbuch. Vol. 16. 1902 | ||
| "Ueber die Entwicklung von Hydra" | [473] | |
| Zeit. f. wiss. Zool. Vol. 52. 1891 | ||
| BÜTSCHLI | "Notiz zur Morphologie des Auges der Muscheln" | [114] |
| Festschrift des Natur-hist-med. Vereins zu Heidelberg. 1886 | ||
| BUJOR | "Contribution a l'étude de la métamorphose de l'Ammocœtes branchialis en Petromyzon Planeri" | [135], [304] |
| Revue Biologique du Nord de la France. Vol. 3. 1891 | ||
| CARLSON | [177], [315], [316] | |
| CELESIA | 'Differenziamento della proprietà inibitoria e dei funzioni coordinatrici nella catena gangliare dei crustacei decapodi' | [489] |
| Genoa. 1897 | ||
| CLAUS | "Untersuchungen über den Organismus und Entwicklung von Branchipus und Artemia" | [90]-[92], [97], [100], [396] |
| Arbeit a.d. Zool. Institut. Wien. Vol. 6. 1886 | ||
COPE | "On the Phylogeny of the Vertebrata" | [343] |
| Proc. Amer. Philos. Soc. Vol. 30. 1892 | ||
| CRONEBERG | "Ueber die Mundtheile der Arachniden" | [221]-[224], [241] |
| Archiv. f. Naturgeschichte. 1880 | ||
| CUÉNOT | "Études sur le sang et les glandes lymphatiques dans la série animale; 2nd partie; invertébrés" | [422] |
| Arch. d. Zool. exper. gen. 2nd Ser. Vol. 9. 1891 | ||
| CUNNINGHAM, J. T. | "The Significance of Kupffer's Vesicle, with Remarks on other Questions of Vertebrate Morphology" | [318] |
| Q. J. Micr. Sci. Vol. 25. 1885 | ||
| "The Nephridia of Lanice conchilega" | [403] | |
| Nature. Vol. 36. 1887 | ||
| DANA | "On Cephalization" | [53] |
| Mag. of Nat. Hist. 1863 | ||
| DEAN-BASHFORD | 'Fishes, Living and Fossil' | [344] |
| New York. 1895 | ||
| "On the Embryology of Bdellostoma Stouti" | [405] | |
| Festschr. z. siebenzigsten Geburtstag. von C. v. Kupffer. Jena. 1899 | ||
| DENDY | "On the Parietal Sense-organs and Associated Structures in the New Zealand Lamprey (Geotria australis)" | [80], [82] |
| Q. J. Micr. Sci. Vol. 51. 1907 | ||
| DIETL | "Die Organisation des Arthropoden Gehirns" | [101] |
| Zeitsch. f. wiss. Zool. Vol. 27. 1876 | ||
| DOHRN | 'Der Ursprung der Wirbelthiere und das Princip des Functionswechsels' | [14], [60], [185], [186], [317], [318] |
| Leipzig. 1875 | ||
| Studien zur Urgeschichte des Wirbelthiere Körpers. VIII. "Die Thyroidea bei Petromyzon, Amphioxus, und Tunicaten" | [188], [195]-[198], [199], [212], [213] | |
| Mitth. Zool. Stat. z. Neapel. Vol. 6. 1886 | ||
| "Neue Grundlagen zur Beurtheilung der Metamerie des Kopfes" | [262], [263], [279] | |
| Mitth. Zool. Stat. z. Neapel. Vol. 9. 1890 | ||
| Studien zur Urgeschichte des Wirbelthiere Körpers. XIII. "Ueber Nerven und Gefässe bei Ammocœtes und Petromyzon Planeri" | [167], [314], [337] | |
| Mitth. Zool. Stat. z. Neapel. Vol. 8. 1888 | ||
| DREVERMANN | "Ueber Pteraspis dunensis" | [29], [30] |
| Zeitschr. d. Deutsch. Geol. Gesellschaft. Vol. 56. 1904 | ||
| EDGEWORTH | "The Development of the Head-muscles in Gallus domesticus, and the Morphology of the Head-muscles in the Sauropsida" | [266] |
| Q. J. Micr. Sci. Vol. 51. 1907 | ||
| EDINGER | 'Anatomy of Central Nervous System in Man and in Vertebrates' | [17], [264] |
| Translated by Hall. 1899 | ||
| v. EICHWALD | "Die Thier- und Pflanzenreste des alten rothen Sandsteins und Bergkalks im Nowgorodschen Gouvernement" | [327] |
| Bull. Sci. de l'Acad. Impér. d. St. Petersbourg. 1840 | ||
EISIG | "Die Seiten-organe und becherförmigen Organe der Capitelliden" | [357] |
| Mitth. a. d. Zool. Stat. z. Neapel. Vol. 1. 1879 | ||
| "Capitelliden" | [357] | |
| Faun. u. Flor. d. Golfes v. Neapel. Vol. 16. 1887 | ||
| ELLIOTT | "On the Innervation of the Ileo-colic Sphincter" | [449] |
| Journ. of Physiol. Vol. 31. 1904 | ||
| EMERY | Quoted by Weldon | [420] |
| FOSTER, M. | Text-book of Physiology | [108] |
| FREUND | "Die Beziehungen der Schilddrüse zu den weiblichen Geschlechtsorganen" | [215] |
| Deutsch. Zeitsch. f. Chirugie. Vol. 18. 1883 | ||
| FRITSCH, G. | 'Untersuchungen über den feineren Bau des Fischgehirns' | [488], [489] |
| Berlin. 1878 | ||
| FRORIEP | "Ueber Anlagen von Sinnesorganen am Facialis, Glossopharyngeus und Vagus, über die genetische Stellung des Vagus zum Hypoglossus, und über die Herkunft der Zungenmusculatur" | [261], [262], [281], [283] |
| Arch. f. Anat. u. Physiol; Anat. Abtheil. 1885 | ||
| FÜRBRINGER, M. | 'Ueber die Spino-occipetalen Nerven der Selachier und Holocephalen' | [276]-[278], [409] |
| Fest-schrift für Carl Gegenbaur. 1897 | ||
| GAUBERT | 'Recherches sur les organes des sens et sur les systèmes tegumentaire, glandulaire et musculaire des appendices des arachnides' | [364], [368]-[375] |
| Paris. 1892 | ||
| GEGENBAUR | "Anatomische Untersuchung eines Limulus" | [20], [358]-[360] |
| Abhandl. d. Naturforsch. Gesellsch. z. Halle. Vol. 4. 1858 | ||
| "Ueber die Skeletgewebe der Cyclostomen" | [181] | |
| Jen. Zeitschrift. Vol. 5. 1870 | ||
| Untersuchungen zur vergleichende Anatomie der Wirbelthiere III. Heft. 'Das Kopfskeletder Selachiern' | [151], [259], [261] | |
| Leipzig. 1872 | ||
| 'Grundriss der vergleichenden Anatomie' | [392] | |
| Leipzig. 1878 | ||
| v. GEHUCHTEN | "De l'origine du pathétique et de la racine supérieure du trijumeau" | [264] |
| Acad. d. Sci. Belg. Bulletin. 3rd Ser. Vol. 29. 1895 | ||
| GOETHE | [258] | |
| GÖTTE | 'Entwicklungsgeschichte der Unke' | [101], [102], [114] |
| Leipzig. 1875 | ||
| GOLGI | [72], [465], [477] | |
| GOODRICH | "On the Structure of the Excretory Organs of Amphioxus" | [395], [396], [477] |
| Q. J. Micr. Sci. Vol. 45. 1902 | ||
| "On the Nephridia of the Polychæta." Parts I., II., III. | [395] | |
| Q. J. Micr. Sci. Vols. 40, 41, 43 | ||
| "On the Excretory Organs of Amphioxus" | [477] | |
| Proc. Roy. Soc. Vol. 69. 1902 | ||
GRABER | "Die Chordo-tonalen Sinnesorgane und das Gehör der Insecten" | [364], [369]-[371] |
| Archiv. f. Mikr. Anat. Vols. 20 and 21. 1882 | ||
| GRENACHER | 'Untersuchungen über das Sehorgan der Arthropoden' | [76], [100] |
| Göttingen. 1879 | ||
| GUDDEN | Quoted in Obersteiner | [264] |
| HAECKEL | [461], [462] | |
| HALLER, BELA | "Untersuchungen über die Hypophyse und die Infundibulärorgane" | [320], [321] |
| Morph. Jahrbuch. Vol. 25. 1898 | ||
| "Untersuchungen über das Rückenmark der Teleostier" | [488] | |
| Morph. Jahrbuch. Vol. 23. 1895 | ||
| HARDY | "On the Histological Features and Physiological Properties of the Post-œsophageal Nerve-cord of the Crustacea" | [110], [159] |
| Phil. Trans. Roy. Soc. 1894. B. | ||
| HARDY AND MACDOUGALL | "On the Structure and Functions of the Alimentary Canal of Daphnia" | [112], [206] |
| Proc. Camb. Phil. Soc. Vol. 8. 1893 | ||
| HATSCHEK | "Die Metamerie des Amphioxus und des Ammocœtes" | [289], [300], [337] |
| Anat. Anzeig., 7 Jahrgang, 1892. Verhandl. d. Anat. Gesell. in Wien, p. 136 | ||
| "Studien über Entwicklung des Amphioxus" | [407] | |
| Arbeit. d. Zool. Inst. z. Wien. Vol. 4. 1881 | ||
| Quoted by Lankester | [475] | |
| HAZEN | See Patten and Hazen. | |
| HEIDENHAIN | [258], [259] | |
| HEIDER | See Korschelt and Heider. | |
| HENSEN | "Zur Entwicklung des Nervensystem" | [465], [466] |
| Virchows Archiv. Vol. 30. 1864 | ||
| HENSEN AND VÖLCKERS | [265], [266] | |
| Archiv. f. Opthalmol. Vol. 24. 1878 | ||
| HERTWIG, O., AND SAMASSA | Quoted in Zeigler's 'Lehrbuch der vergleichenden Entwicklungsgeschichte der niederen Wirbelthiere.' 1902 | [485] |
| HIS | "Die Neuroblasten und deren Entstehung im embryonalen Mark" | [465], [466] |
| Archiv. f. Anat. u. Physiol. Anat. Abth. 1889 | ||
| HOFFMANN | "Ueber die Metamerie des Nachhirns und Hinterhirns, und ihre Beziehung zu den segmentalen Kopfnerven bei Reptilien embryonen" | [276] |
| Zool. Anzeiger. Vol. 12. 1889 | ||
| HOLM | "Ueber die Organisation des Eurypterus Fischeri" | [192], [240], [241], [306] |
| Mem. d. l'Acad. Imp. d. Sci. d. St. Petersbourg. Vol. 8. 1898 | ||
| HOYER | "Ueber den Nachweis des Mucins in Geweben Mittelst der Färbe-Methode" | [131] |
| Archiv. f. Mikr. Anat. Vol. 36. 1890 | ||
HUXLEY | "Hunterian Lectures." 1869 | [124], [258], [259] |
| "On the Structure of the Mouth and Pharynx of the Scorpion" | [222], [225], [271] | |
| Q. J. Micr. Sci. Vol. 8. 1860 | ||
| "On the Anatomy and Affinities of the Genus Pterygotus" | [238] | |
| Mem. of the Geol. Survey. Monograph I. 1859 | ||
| "On Cephalaspis and Pteraspis" | [327] | |
| Q. J. of Geol. Soc. Vol. 14. 1858 | ||
| JAEKEL | "Ueber Tremataspis und Patten's Ableitung der Wirbelthiere von Arthropoden" | [329], [339], [340], [351] |
| Protocoll der Deutschen Geolog. Gesellschaft, p. 84; in Zeitsch. d. Deutschen Geologischen Gesellsch. Vol. 55. 1903 | ||
| "Ueber die Organisation und systematische Stellung der Asterolepiden" | [345] | |
| Ibid., p. 41 | ||
| JOHNSON | "Contributions to the Comparative Anatomy of the Mammalian Eye, chiefly based on Opthalmoscopic Examination" | [70] |
| Phil. Trans. Roy. Soc. B. Vol. 194. 1901 | ||
| JOSEPH | "Ueber das Achsenskelett des Amphioxus" | [444] |
| Zeitsch. f. wiss. Zool. Vol. 59. 1895 | ||
| JULIN AND VAN BENEDEN | Recherches sur l'Organisation des Ascidies simples. "Sur l'hypophyse," etc. | [425] |
| Archives de Biologie. Vol. 2. 1881 | ||
| KAENSCHE | "Beiträge zur Kenntniss der Metamorphose des Ammocœtes branchialis in Petromyzon" | [135], [304] |
| Schneider's Beiträge. Vol. 2. 1890 | ||
| v. KENNEL | "Entwickelungsgeschichte von Peripatus Edwardsii und Peripatus torquatus." II. Theil | [398], [399], [411] |
| Arbeit. a. d. Zool. Zoot. Instit. Würzburg. Vol. 8. 1888 | ||
| KERR | "On some Points in the Early Development of Motor Nerve-trunks and Myotomes in Lepidosiren paradoxa" | [461], [466], [478] |
| Trans. Roy. Soc. Edin. Vol. 41. 1904 | ||
| KILLIAN | "Zur Metamerie des Selachierkopfes" | [262] |
| Verhandl. d. Anat. Gesell. Versamml. in München. 1891 | ||
| KISHINOUYE | "On the Development of Limulus longispina" | [167], [238], [252], [253], [273], [320], [382] |
| Journ. of Coll. of Sci., Tokio. Vol. 5. 1891 | ||
| KLEINENBERG | Quoted by Beard | [318] |
| v. KÖLLIKER | "Die obere Trigeminus-Wurzel" | [280] |
| Arch. f. Mikr. Anat. Vol. 53. 1899 | ||
| v. KÖLLIKER AND TERTERJANZ | Handbuch der Gewebe-Lehre. 6th Auflage. 1893 | [264], [425], [488] |
| KOHL | "Rudimentäre Wirbelthieraugen" | [94], [96], [99], [101] |
| Bibliotheca Zoologica. Leukart und Chun. Vol. 4 and Vol. 5 | ||
| KOHN | "Ueber den Bau und die Entwicklung der sogenannten Carotis-drüse" | [428] |
| Archiv. f. Mikr. Anat. Vol. 56. 1900 | ||
KORSCHELT AND HEIDER | 'Text-book of the Embryology of the Invertebrates.' Translated by M. Bernard. 1900. Part III. and Part IV. | [27], [73], [88], [114]-[116], [397], [429], [431] |
| KOWALEWSKY | "Ein Beitrag zur Kenntniss der Excretionsorgane der Pantopoden" | [421] |
| Mem. d. l'Acad. d. Imp. d. Sci. d. St. Petersbourg. Ser. VII. Vol. 38. 1890 | ||
| "Une nouvelle glande lymphatique chez le scorpion d'Europe" | [423] | |
| Ibid. Ser. VIII. Vol. 5. 1897 | ||
| "Étude Biologique sur les Clepsines" | [421] | |
| Ibid. Ser. VIII. Vol. 5. 1897 | ||
| "Ein Beitrag zur Kenntniss der Excretionsorgane" | [420], [422], [472] | |
| Biologisches Centralblatt. 1889 | ||
| "Weitere Studien über die Entwicklungsgeschichte des Amphioxus lanceolatus" | [409], [410] | |
| Archiv. f. Mikr. Anat. Vol. 13. 1877 | ||
| KRIEGER | "Ueber das Centralnervensystem des Flusskrebses | [101] |
| Zeitsch. f. wiss. Zool. Vol. 33. 1880 | ||
| v. KUPFFER | 'Studien zur vergleichenden Entwicklungsgeschichte des Kopfes der Kranioten.' Heft. 1. 'Die Entwicklung des Kopfes von Acipenser' | [318], [319], [320], [440] |
| München. 1893 | ||
| Heft. 2. 'Die Entwicklung des Kopfes von Ammocœtes Planeri' | [300], [440] | |
| München. 1894 | ||
Heft. 3. 'Die Entwicklung der Kopfnerven von Ammocœtes Planeri.' Dritter Abschnitt. 'Die Metamorphose des larvalen Nervensystems des Kopfes' | [228], [263], [282], [283], [405], [458] | |
| München. 1895 | ||
| LANG | 'Text-book of Comparative Anatomy.' Translated by H. M. and M. Bernard | [357] |
| LANGERHANS | "Untersuchungen über Petromyzon Planeri" | [94]-[101], [301], [405] |
| Bericht v. d. Verhandl. d. Naturforsch. Gesellsch. z. Freiburg. 1873 | ||
| LANGLEY | Schäfer's 'Text-book of Physiology.' Vol. 2. 1900 | [2], [3], [448] |
| LANKESTER | Article "Vertebrata" in the 'Encyclopædia Britannica' | [484] |
| "On the Skeleto-trophic Tissues and Coxal Glands of Limulus, Scorpio, and Mygale | [137], [139], [253], [320], [321] | |
| Q. J. Micr. Sci. Vol. 24. 1884 | ||
| "Limulus an Arachnid" | [62], [238], [241], [306], [361], [366] | |
| Q. J. Micr. Sci. Vol. 21. 1881 | ||
| 'Extinct Animals' | [22], [150], [345] | |
| London. Constable & Co. 1906 | ||
| A treatise on Zoology. Edited by E. Ray Lankester. Part II. 'The Entero-cœla and the Cœlomocœla' | [472]-[478] | |
LANKESTER AND POWRIE | "A Monograph of the Fishes of the Old Red Sandstone of Britain." Part I. "The Cephalaspidæ" | [29], [275], [327], [339], [345] |
| Palæontographical Soc. 1868 | ||
| LANKESTER, BENHAM, AND BECK | "On the Muscular and Endo-skeletal Systems of Limulus and Scorpio, with some Notes on the Anatomy and Generic Characters of Scorpions" | [177], [222], [224], [313] |
| Trans. Zool. Soc. Vol. 11. 1885 | ||
| LANKESTER AND BOURNE | "The Minute Structure of the Lateral and Central Eyes of Scorpio and Limulus" | [74], [81]-[83] |
| Q. J. Micr. Sci. Vol. 23 | ||
| LANKESTER AND WILLEY | "The Development of the Atrial Chamber of Amphioxus" | [409] |
| Q. J. Micr. Sci. Vol. 31. 1890 | ||
| LANKESTER AND GULLAND | "Evidence in Favour of the View that the Coxal Gland of Limulus and of other Arachnids is a Modified Nephridium" | [429] |
| Q. J. Micr. Sci. Vol. 25. 1885 | ||
| LATREILLE | [221] | |
| LAURIE | "The Anatomy and Relations of the Eurypteridæ" | [237] |
| Trans. Roy. Soc. Edin. Vol. 37. 1893 | ||
| "On a Silurian Scorpion and some Additional Eurypterid Remains from the Pentland Hills | [238], [239] | |
| Ibid. Vol. 34. 1899 | ||
| LEYDIG | [91] | |
| LOCY | "Contributions to the Structure and Development of the Vertebrate Head" | [179], [262] |
| Journ. Morph. Vol. 11. 1895 | ||
| LOEB, LEO, AND R. M. STRONG | "On Regeneration in the Pigmented Skin of the Frog, and on the Character of the Chromatophores" | [470] |
| Amer. Jour. of Anat. Vol. 3. 1904 | ||
| LOWNE | 'The Anatomy, Physiology, Morphology, and Development of the Blow-fly' | [369], [370], [375] |
| London. 1895 | ||
| LUGARO | Quoted by Anderson | [467] |
| LWOFF | "Ueber den Zusammenhang von Markrohr und Chorda beim Amphioxus und ähnliche Verbältnisse bei Anneliden" | [444] |
| Zeitsch. f. wiss. Zool. Vol. 56. 1893 | ||
| MAAS | "Ueber Entwicklungstadien der Vorniere und Urniere bei Myxine" | [392], [402], [412], [419] |
| Zool. Jahrbuch. Vol. 10. 1897 | ||
| MACBRIDE | "Further Remarks on the Development of Amphioxus" | [410] |
| Q. J. Micr. Sci. Vol. 43. 1900 | ||
| McDOUGALL | See Hardy and McDougall. | |
MACLEOD | "Recherches sur la structure et la signification de l'appareil respiratoire des Arachnides" | [169], [174] |
| Archiv. de Biol. Vol. 5. 1881 | ||
| MAGNUS | "Versuche am überlebenden Dünndarm von Säugethieren" | [447] |
| Archiv. f. d. Ges. Physiologie. Vols. 102, 103. 1904 | ||
| MARK | [115] | |
| MARSHALL | "On the Head-cavities and Associated Nerves of Elasmobranchs" | [185], [186] |
| Q. J. Micr. Sci. Vol. 21. 1881 | ||
| "The Segmental Value of the Cranial Nerves" | [260] | |
| Journ. of Anat. and Physiol. Vol. 16. 1882 | ||
| MASTERMAN | "On the Diplochorda" | [16] |
| Q. J. Micr. Sci. Vol. 43. 1900 | ||
| MAURER | "Die Schilddrüse, Thymus und andere Schlundspaltenderivate bei den Eidechse" | [427], [428] |
| Morph. Jahrbuch. Vol. 27. 1899 | ||
| MAYER, F. | "Das Centralnervensystem von Ammocœtes" | [489] |
| Anat. Anzeig. Vol. 13. 1897 | ||
| MAYER, P. | "Ueber die Entwicklung des Herzens und der grossen Gefässstämme bei den Selachiern" | [179] |
| Mitth. a. d. Zool. Stat. z. Neapel. Vol. 7. 1887 | ||
| METSCHNIKOW | Quoted by Kowalewsky | [422] |
| MEYER | "Studien über den Körperbau der Anneliden" | [403] |
| Mitth. a. d. Zool. Stat. z. Neapel. Vol. 7. 1887 | ||
| MILNE-EDWARDS | "Anatomie des Limules" | [157], [159], [176], [177], [313] |
| Annales des Sciences Naturelles. Ser. 5. Vol. 17. 1872 | ||
| MINCHIN | A treatise on Zoology. Edited by Ray Lankester. Part II. "The Porifera and Cœlenterata" | [473] |
| MITSUKURI | "On the Fate of the Blastopore, the Relations of the Primitive Streak, and the Formation of the Posterior End of the Embryo in Chelonia," etc. | [179] |
| Journ. Coll. Sci. Tokyo. Vol. 10. 1896 | ||
| MOTT | "Croonian Lectures of the Roy. Coll. of Physicians," 1900 | [469] |
| MOTT AND HALLIBURTON | "On the Chemistry of Nerve-degeneration" | [469] |
| Phil. Trans. Roy. Soc. B. Vol. 194. 1901 | ||
| MÜLLER, J. | [1] | |
| "Vergleichende Anatomie der Myxinoiden" | [126] | |
| Abhandl. d. Kgl. Akad. d. Wiss. Berlin. 1834 | ||
| MÜLLER, W. | "Ueber die Stammes Entwickelung des Sehorgans der Wirbelthiere" | [96]-[100], [105], [108] |
| Festgabe C. Ludwig. Leipzig. 1874 | ||
| NEAL | "The Segmentation of the Nervous System in Squalus acanthias" | [179], [266], [300] |
| Bull. of Mus. Comp. Zool. Harvard. Vol. 31. 1898 | ||
| NESTLER | "Beiträge zur Anatomie und Entwicklungsgeschichte von Petromyzon Planeri" | [168], [171], [175], [445] |
| Archiv. f. Naturgesch. Jahrgang, 56. Vol. I. 1890 | ||
NIESKOWSKI | "Der Eurypterus Remipes aus den obersilurischen Schichten der Insel Oesel" | [26], [239], [240] |
| Arch. f. d. Naturkunde Liv-Ehst-und Kurlands. 1st Ser. Vol. 3. 1858 | ||
| NUSBAUM, J. | "Einige neue Thatsachen zur Entwicklungsgeschichte des Hypophysis Cerebri bei Säugethieren" | [320] |
| Anat. Anzeiger. Vol. 12. 1896 | ||
| OBERSTEINER | 'Central Nervous System.' Translated by Hill. 1896 | [264], [280] |
| OKEN | [258] | |
| OWEN | "Essays on the Conario-Hypophysial Tract, and the Aspects of the Body in Vertebrate and Invertebrate Animals" | [14] |
| "On the Anatomy of the American King-crab (Limulus polyphemus)" | [211] | |
| Trans. Linn. Soc. Vol. 28. 1873 | ||
| PANDER | 'Monographie der fossilen Fische des Silurischen Systems des russisch-baltischen Gouvernements' | [327] |
| St. Petersbourg. 1856 | ||
| PARKER, G. H. | "The Retina and Optic Ganglia in Decapods, especially in Astacus" | [91], [93], [97] |
| Mitth. a. d. Zool. Stat. z. Neapel. Vol. 12. 1895 | ||
| "The Compound Eyes in Crustaceans" | [99], [100], [114] | |
| Bull. of Harvard Mus. of Comp. Zool. Vol. 20. 1890 | ||
| "The Function of the Lateral-line Organs in Fishes" | [357] | |
| Bull. of the Fisheries Bureau. Washington. Vol. 24. 1904 | ||
| "Studies on the Eyes of Arthropods" | [73], [79], [83]-[85], [114] | |
| Journ. of Morphology. Vols. 1 and 2. 1887 and 1889 | ||
| PARKER, W. K. | "On the Skeleton of the Marsipobranch Fishes" | [120], [125], [126], [131] |
| Phil. Trans. Roy. Soc. 1883 | ||
| PATTEN | "On the Origin of Vertebrates from Arachnids" | [352], [353] |
| Q. J. Micr. Sci. Vol. 31. 1890 | ||
| "On the Morphology and Physiology of the Brain and Sense-organs of Limulus" | [358]-[367], [371] | |
| Q. J. Micr. Sci. Vol. 35. 1893 | ||
| "New Facts concerning Bothriolepis" | [32], [351], [450] | |
| Biological Bulletin. Vol. 7. 1904 | ||
| "On the Structure and Classification of the Tremataspidæ" | [329] | |
| Mem. d. l'Acad. Imp. d. Sci. de St. Petersbourg. Vol. 13. 1903 | ||
| "On the Structure of the Pteraspidæ and Cephalaspidæ" | [415] | |
| The American Naturalist. Vol. 37. 1903 | ||
| "On the Appendages of Tremataspis" | [351] | |
| The American Naturalist. Vol. 37. 1903 | ||
| "On Structures Resembling Dermal Bones in Limulus" | [346] | |
| Anat. Anzeig. Vol. 9. 1894 | ||
PATTEN AND HAZEN | "The Development of the Coxal Gland, etc., of Limulus Polyphemus" | [408] |
| Journ. of Morphol. Vol. 16. 1900 | ||
| PATTEN AND REDENBAUGH | Studies on Limulus. II. "The Nervous System of Limulus Polyphemus" | [314], [315], [381], [382] |
| Journ. of Morphol. Vol. 16. 1900 | ||
| PERLIA | Quoted by Edinger | [264] |
| PICK | Quo"ed by Ed"nger | [265] |
| PLATT | "A Contribution to the Morphology of the Vertebrate Head, based on a Study of Acanthias vulgaris" | [253], [265]-[267], [273], [274], [279], [284] |
| Journ. Morphol. Vol. 5. 1891 | ||
| "Fibres connecting the Central Nervous System and Chorda in Amphioxus" | [443] | |
| Anat. Anzeig. 1892 | ||
| PRICE | "Development of the Excretory Organs of Bdellostoma Stouti" | [394] |
| Zool. Jahrbuch. Vol. 10. 1897 | ||
| RABL | "Ueber die Metamerie des Wirbelthierkopfes" | [258], [262] |
| Verhandl. der Anat. Gesellsch. Versamml. in Wien. Anat. Anzeig. 1892 | ||
| "Die Entwicklung und Structur der Nebennieren bei den Vögeln" | [424] | |
| Arch. f. mikr. Anat. Vol. 38. 1891 | ||
| RAMÓN Y. CAJAL | [72], [465] | |
| RATHKE | "Anatomie des Querders" | [161], [169], [304] |
| Naturforsch. Gesellsch. zu Dantzig. Vol. 2. 1827 | ||
| REDENBAUGH | See Patten and Redenbaugh. | |
| REICHENBACH | "Entwicklungs-geschichte des Flusskrebses" | [98]-[100], [114] |
| Abhandl. d. Senckenbergischen Naturforsch. Gesellsch. Vol. 14. 1886. | ||
| RETZIUS | 'Biologische Untersuchungen.' Vol. 1. 1890. "Zur Kenntniss des Nervensystem der Crustaceen" | [20], [489] |
| ROHON | Die Obersilurischen Fische von Oesel. 1st Theil. "Thyestidæ und Tremataspidæ" | [32], [275], [276] |
| Mem. d. l'Acad. Imp. d. Sci. d. St. Petersbourg. 7th Ser. Vol. 38. 1892 | ||
| "Weitere Mittheilungen über die Gattung Thyestes" | [327]-[330], [339]-[341], [382] | |
| Bull. d. l'Acad. d. St. Petersbourg. 5th Ser. Vol. 4. 1896 | ||
| ROLPH | "Untersuchungen über den Bau des Amphioxus lanceolatus" | [444] |
| Morphol. Jahrbuch. Vol. 2. 1887 | ||
| RÜCKERT, J. | "Entwicklung der Excretionsorgane" | [392], [393], [400] |
| Merkel und Bonnet; Anat. Hefte. Vol. 1. 1891. | ||
| "Ueber die Entstehung der Excretionsorgane bei Selachiern" | [403] | |
| Archiv. f. Anatomie. 1888 | ||
| ST. HILAIRE | "Sur la Vertèbre" | [11] |
| La Revue Encyclopédique. 1822 | ||
SAMASSA | "Bemerkungen über die Methode der Vergleichenden Entwicklungsgeschichte" | [462] |
| Biol. Centralblatt. Vol. 18. 1898 | ||
| SCHAFFER | "Ueber das Knorpelige Skelett von Ammocœtes" | [126]-[135] |
| Zeitsch. f. wiss. Zool. Vol. 61. 1896 | ||
| "Ueber die Thymusanlage bei Petromyzon Planeri" | [426]-[428] | |
| Sitzungsber. d. K. Akad d. Wiss. in Wien. Vol. 103. 1894 | ||
| SCHIMKÉWITSCH | "Sur la structure et sur la signification de l'Endosternite des Arachnides" | [143]-[145], [342] |
| Zool. Anzeig. 1893 | ||
| "Anatomie de l'Epeire" | [369] | |
| Ann. d. Sci. Nat. Vol. 17. 1884 | ||
| SCHMIDT | "Die Crustaceen-fauna der Eurypterenschichten von Rootziküll auf Oesel" | [190], [191], [236], [240], [329], [341] |
| Mem. d'Acad. Imp. d. Sci. d. St. Petersbourg. Vol. 31. 1883 | ||
| SCHMIEDEBERG | "Ueber die chemische Zusammensetzung des Knorpels" | [147] |
| Arch. f. exper. Pathol. und Pharmak. Vol. 28. 1891 | ||
| SCHNEIDER, A. | 'Beiträge zur Anatomie und Entwicklungsgeschichte der Wirbelthiere' | [128], [130], [172], [195], [197], [213], [310], [445] |
| Berlin. 1879 | ||
| SCHNEIDER, G. | "Ueber phagocytäre Organe und Chloragogenzellen der Oligochæta" | [421] |
| Zeitsch. f. wiss. Zool. Vol. 61. 1896 | ||
| SCOTT | "Notes on the Development of Petromyzon" | [42], [78], [111], [112], [406] |
| Journ. of Morphol. Vol. 1. 1887 | ||
| SEDGWICK | "A Monograph of the Development of Peripatus capensis" | [397]-[400] |
| Studies from the Morphological Laboratory, Cambridge. Vol. 4. 1888 | ||
| "Development of the Kidney in its Relation to the Wolffian Body in the Chick" | [390] | |
| Q. J. Micr. Sci. Vol. 20. 1880 | ||
| "Early Development of the Wolffian Duct and Anterior Wolffian Tubules in the Chick; with some Remarks on the Vertebrate Excretory System" | [393], [394], [400] | |
| Q. J. Micr. Sci. Vol. 21. 1881 | ||
| SEMON | "Das Excretionssystem der Myxinoiden" | [400], [419] |
| Festschrift f. Gegenbaur. Leipzig. 1897 | ||
| SEMPER | "Die Stammesverwandschaft der Wirbelthiere und Wirbellosen" | [390], [392] |
| Arbeit. a. d. Zool. Zoot. Inst. Würzburg. Vol. 2. 1875 | ||
| "Das Urinogenitalsystem der Plagiostomen und seine Bedeutung für die übrigen Wirbelthiere" | [390], [392] | |
| Ibid. Vol. 2. 1875 | ||
| SHELDON | "On the Development of Peripatus Nova-Zealandiæ" | [400] |
| Studies from the Morphological Laboratory, Cambridge. Vol. 4. 1889 | ||
SHERRINGTON | "On the Anatomical Constitution of the Nerves of Muscles" | [267] |
| Journ. of Physiol. Vol. 17. 1894. Proc. of Physiol. Soc. June 23 | ||
| SHIPLEY | [334] | |
| "On some points in the Development of Petromyzon fluviatilis" | [167], [305], [378], [401], [405], [406] | |
| Q. J. Micr. Sci. Vol. 27. 1887 | ||
| v. SMIRNOW | "Ueber die Nervenendigungen in den Nieren der Säugethiere" | [477] |
| Anat. Anzeiger. Vol. 19. 1901 | ||
| SMITH, ELLIOT | [17] | |
| SPANGENBERG | "Zur Kenntniss von Branchipus stagnalis" | [396] |
| Zeitsch. f. wiss. Zool. Vol. 25. 1875 | ||
| SPENGEL | 'Die Enteropneusten' | [494] |
| Berlin. 1893 | ||
| STARR | Quoted by Edinger | [265], [266] |
| STUDNIÇKA | "Sur les organes pariétaux de Petromyzon Planeri" | [80], [81], [86] |
| Sitzungsber. d. K. Gesell. d. Wiss. in Prag. 1893 | ||
| "Ueber den feineren Bau der Parietalorgane von Petromyzon marinus" | [81], [86] | |
| Sitzungsber. d. K. böhmischen Gesell. d. Wiss. Prag. 1899 | ||
| TAKAMINE | "The Isolation of the Active Principle of the Supra-renal Gland" | [423] |
| Journ. of Physiol. Vol. 27. Proc. of Physiol. Soc., Dec. 14, 1901 | ||
| TARNANI | "On the Anatomy of the Thelyphonides" | [190], [206]-[208] |
| Revue des Sciences Naturelles, St. Petersbourg. 1890 | ||
| "Die genitalen Organe der Thelyphonus" | [190], [206]-[208] | |
| Biol. Centralblatt. Vol. 9. 1889 | ||
| TRAQUAIR | "Report on Fossil Fishes collected by the Geological Survey of Scotland in the Silurian Rocks of the South of Scotland" | [343]-[345], [350] |
| Trans. Roy. Soc., Edin. Vol. 39. 1899 | ||
| VIALLANES | "Contribution à l'histologie du système nerveux des Invertébrés; la lame ganglionnaire de la Langouste" | [100] |
| Ann. Sci. Nat. Vol. 13 | ||
| VINCENT, SWALE | "The Carotid Gland of Mammalia and its Relation to the Supra-renal Capsule, with some Remarks upon Internal Secretion and the Phylogeny of the latter Organ" | [424] |
| Anat. Anzeiger. Vol. 18. 1900 | ||
| "Contributions to the Comparative Anatomy and Histology of the Supra-renal Capsules" | [424] | |
| Trans. Zool. Soc. Vol. 14. 1897 | ||
| VIRCHOW | "Transformation and Descent" | [479] |
| Journ. of Path. and Bacter. Vol. 1. 1893 | ||
| VOGT | [258] | |
| VÖLCKERS | See Hensen and Völckers. | |
| WAGNER | Quoted by Gaubert | |
WEISS | "Excretory Tubules in Amphioxus Lanceolatus" | [426] |
| Q. J. Micr. Sci. Vol. 31. 1890 | ||
| WELDON | "On the Supra-renal Bodies of Vertebrates" | [420], [424], [429] |
| Q. J. Micr. Sci. Vol. 25. 1885 | ||
| "Note on the Origin of the Supra-renal Bodies in Vertebrates" | [424] | |
| Proc. Roy. Soc. Vol. 37. 1884 | ||
| WHEELER | "Development of the Urino-genital Organs of the Lamprey" | [402], [405] |
| Zool. Jahrbuch. Vol. 13. 1899 | ||
| v. WIJHE | "Ueber die Mesodermsegmente des Rumpfes und die Entwicklung des Excretionsystems bei Selachiern" | [155]-[157], [172], [173], [188], [234], [258], [260], [262], [263], [266], [273], [280], [308], [390]-[393], [397], [400], [406]-[408], [412] |
| Archiv. f. Mikr. Anat. Vol. 33. 1889 | ||
| "Beiträge zur Anatomie der Kopfregion des Amphioxus lanceolatus" | [410], [426]-[428] | |
| Petrus Camper. Deel. 1; Aflevering. 2 | ||
| WILLEY | See Lankester and Willey. | |
| WOLFF | "Die Cuticula der Wirbelthierepidermis" | [302] |
| Jen. Zeitsch. f. Naturwissenschaft. Vol. 23. 1889 | ||
| WOODWARD, H. | "A Monograph of the British Fossil Crustacea, belonging to the order Merostomata" | [235]-[240], [249], [251], [275] |
| Palæontographical Society. 1878 | ||
| WOODWARD, SMITH | [339] | |
| 'Catalogue of Fossil Fishes in the British Museum.' Part II. | [29], [326], [327], [344], [349], [351] | |
| London. 1891 | ||
| v. ZITTEL | Handbuch der Palæontologie | [190] |
GENERAL INDEX
[The numbers in dark type refer to illustrations]
Acilius larva, eye of, [78], [83]
Acromegaly, [425]
Actinotrocha, [438]