[5] Also called tone.

[6] Or, toned.

[7] Or, untoned, breathed.

[8] This definition has its drawbacks, as will be seen later.

[9] Consider what happens in the case of such words as vintner, lampman.

[10] It is doubtful whether this can be called a sound of standard English; see § 31.

[11] It is most important that you should not confuse sound with letter. Thus in bead we have the letters e and a, which represent vowels in bed and bad; but the e in bead has quite a different value from the e in bed. The two letters ea in bead together represent two sounds which are described in § 42.

[12] In the Specimens of English the diphthongs here represented by [uw] and [ij] are simply printed [uː] and [iː].

[13] Observe that the accent [´] precedes the stressed syllable. In the Specimens of English the vowel of the stressed syllable is printed in this type.