The antlers of the males are shed in March. The bulls retire from the herd until the new horns are well grown, in late August or September. Breeding takes place in September or October and the young are born the following April or May.
Cervus canadensis roosevelti [Merriam]
Cervus roosevelti [Merriam], Proc. Biol. Soc. Washington, 11:272, December 17, 1897.
Cervus canadensis occidentalis [Taylor] and [Shaw], Occ. Papers Chas. R. Conner Mus., 2:29, December, 1929.
Type.—Obtained on Mount Elaine, Mason County, Washington, by H. and C. Emmet on October 4, 1897; type in United States National Museum.
Racial characters.—A large, dark elk with short, heavy antlers.
Measurements.—The type measured, in the flesh ([Bailey], 1936:81): total length 2,490; tail 80; ear (dry) 208.
Distribution.—From the Cascade Mountains westward; possibly occurred formerly in the eastern Cascades, and perhaps still present there, in places, or mixed with introduced nelsoni.
Remarks.—For use of the name roosevelti rather than occidentalis see [Bailey] (1936:81).