APPENDIX I.
PROVINCES OF SPAIN AND THEIR POPULATION IN 1877.
| Provinces. | Inhabitants. | Per square Kilometer. | |
| Alava | 93,191 | 30 | |
| Albacéte | 219,122 | 14 | |
| Alicante | 408,154 | 75 | |
| Alméria | 349,854 | 41 | |
| Avila | 180,457 | 23 | |
| Badajoz | 432,809 | 19 | |
| Barcelona | 835,306 | 108 | |
| Burgos | 332,461 | 23 | |
| Cacéres | 306,594 | 15 | |
| Cadiz | 430,158 | 59 | |
| Castellon | 283,961 | 45 | |
| Ciudad-Real | 260,641 | 13 | |
| Cordova | 385,582 | 28 | |
| Corunna | 595,585 | 75 | |
| Cuenca | 237,497 | 14 | |
| Gerona | 299,002 | 51 | |
| Granada | 477,719 | 37 | |
| Guadalajara | 201,288 | 16 | |
| Guipúzcoa | 167,207 | 88 | |
| Huelva | 210,641 | 20 | |
| Huesca | 252,165 | 17 | |
| Jaën | 422,972 | 32 | |
| Leon | 350,210 | 22 | |
| Lerida | 285,297 | 23 | |
| Logroño | 174,425 | 34 | |
| Lugo | 410,387 | 42 | |
| Madrid | 593,775 | 77 | |
| Malaga | 500,231 | 68 | |
| Murcia | 451,611 | 39 | |
| Navarre | 304,184 | 29 | |
| Orense | 388,835 | 55 | |
| Oviedo | 576,352 | 54 | |
| Palencia | 180,785 | 22 | |
| Pontevedra | 451,946 | 100 | |
| Salamanca | 285,500 | 23 | |
| Santander | 235,299 | 44 | |
| Saragossa | 400,266 | 23 | |
| Segovia | 149,961 | 21 | |
| Seville | 505,291 | 36 | |
| Soria | 153,654 | 15 | |
| Tarragona | 330,105 | 52 | |
| Teruel | 242,296 | 17 | |
| Toledo | 334,744 | 23 | |
| Valencia | 679,030 | 60 | |
| Valladolid | 247,453 | 31 | |
| Vizcaya | 189,954 | 86 | |
| Zamora | 250,004 | 23 | |
| 16,053,961 | 32 | ||
| Balearic Isles | 289,035 | 60 | |
| Canaries | 280,388 | 37 | |
| 16,623,384 | 33 | ||
| In area of surface Spain ranks the | 5th | of European States. | |
| In number of population | 7th | " | |
| In density of population to the square mile | 14th | " | |
| In extent of colonies | 5th | " | |
| Rates of women to men, 1044 to 1000. | |||
| The infantile mortality is said to be 24½ per cent. in first year. | |||
| Expectation of life at 2 years old is said to be 49 years; the average 41. | |||
APPENDIX II.
PRINCIPAL EVENTS OF SPANISH HISTORY.
| A.D. | |
| Visigoth kings rule from | 414 to 711 |
| Entry of Moors, battle of Guadelete, death of last Visigothic king | 31 July, 711 |
| Reconquest begun by Pelayo at Covadonga in the Asturias | 719 |
| Toledo captured by Alphonso VI. | 1085 |
| Battle of Las Navas de Tolosa | 1212 |
| Final union of Leon and Castile | 1230 |
| Alphonso X. (Law Codes: The Fuero Real and Las Siete Partidas) | 1252 |
| Union of Aragon with Castile under Ferdinand and Isabella | 1474 |
| Inquisition established (first Auto de Fé, 1488) | 1484 |
| Conquest of Granada | 1492 |
| Discovery of America | 1492 |
| Expulsion of Moors from Castile, 1501; from Granada | 1502 |
| Conquest of Naples and Sicily | 1504 |
| Austrian Dynasty:—Philip I. and Joanna | 1504 |
| Charles I. (Emperor of Germany, Charles V.) | 1516 |
| War of Comunidades of Castile, Battle of Villalar | 1521 |
| Battle of Pavia, Francis I. prisoner | 1525 |
| Capture of Tunis | 1535 |
| Abdication of Charles I. | 1556 |
| Philip II.:—Greatest extension of Spanish monarchy, comprising Spain, Portugal, Naples, Sicily, Sardinia, Milan, Roussillon, Holland, Belgium, Luxembourg, Franche-Comté, Tunis, Oran, the Canaries, Fernando Po, St. Helena, The Americas, Philippine Isles, &c. | |
| Insurrection of Low Countries | 1566 |
| First rebellion and expulsion of Moriscos | 1568 |
| Battle of Lepanto | 1571 |
| League of Provinces and independence of Holland, | 25 Jan., 1579 |
| Conquest of Portugal (1580-1640) | 1580 |
| Defeat of Armada | 1588 |
| Death of Philip II. | 1598 |
| Final expulsion of Moriscos | 1609 |
| Insurrection of Catalonia | 1640 |
| Loss of Portugal | 1640 |
| Battle of Rocroy | 1643 |
| Peace of the Pyrenees and marriage of Louis XIV. | 1659 |
| Death of Charles II., last of Austrian dynasty | 29 Oct., 1700 |
| Bourbon Dynasty:—War of Succession between Archduke Charles and Philip V., 1701-13 | |
| Loss of Gibraltar | 1704 |
| Treaty of Utrecht | 1713 |
| Salic Law voted in Cortes | 1713 |
| Abolition of Constitution of Catalonia | 1716 |
| Charles III. | 1759 |
| Family Pact | 1761 |
| Expulsion of Jesuits | 1767 |
| Siege of Gibraltar | 1782 |
| Charles IV. | 1788 |
| Godoy, Prince of Peace | 1795 |
| Battle of Trafalgar | 1805 |
| Abdication of Charles IV. | 1808 |
| Ferdinand VII., Renunciation at Bayonne | 1808 |
| Joseph Bonaparte, King (1808-14) | |
| Uprising of Spain | 2 May, 1808 |
| Peninsular War, 1808-14 | |
| Expulsion of French | 1814 |
| Cortés of Cadiz, suppression of Inquisition, of Feudal Rights, and establishment of Constitution | 1812 |
| Return of Ferdinand VII., Inquisition re-established, and Constitution abolished | 1814 |
| Insurrection of Riego, new Constitution (1820-23) | 1820 |
| Invasion of French, violation of Constitution | 1823 |
| Loss of American colonies. | |
| Buenos Ayres | 1811 |
| Chili | 1818 |
| Columbia | 1819 |
| Mexico | 1821 |
| Peru | 1824 |
| Absolutism till death of Ferdinand VII. (1823-33). | |
| Birth of Isabella II., abolition of Salic Law, expulsion of Don Carlos | 1830 |
| Death of Ferdinand VII. | 1833 |
| Regency of Christina, the queen-mother, 1833; expelled 1840 | 1833 |
| First Carlist War, 1833-39. | |
| Majority of Isabella II. | 1844 |
| War with Morocco | 1860 |
| Insurrection and expulsion of Isabella | 1868 |
| Provisional Government, 1868-70 | 1868 |
| Amadeo I., November, 1870, to February, 1873 | 1870 |
| Republic, Cantonalist insurrections | 1873 |
| Second Carlist War, 1873-76. | |
| Alphonso XII. | Dec., 1874 |
| Don Carlos entered France, February, 1876 | 1876 |
| Abolition of Basque Fueros | 1876 |
| Downfall of Cánovas del Castillo | 1881 |