The Belgian system comprised, at the end of 1866, 3,519 kilometres of telegraph lines, equal to 2,187 English miles. The cost of constructing these lines, up to December, 1866, amounted to 2,055,083 francs, equal to $411,016.60 gold, or $608,304.56 currency; which would give $274.14 for each mile of line. It must be borne in mind, however, that the Belgian government, owning all the railroads, could transport all the telegraph material free, and in many other ways greatly reduce the cost of the lines; of course the right of way cost them nothing, and with us this is an important item.
Bavaria has 2,115 miles of line, which cost for construction 843,207 florins, equal to $340,092.28 gold, or $503,338.35 in our currency. This would make the cost per mile $240. The same conditions, however, which reduced the cost of construction in Belgium tended to the same result in Bavaria.
In France there are 20,028 miles of lines costing 23,800,791 francs, equal to $4,760,158.20 in gold, or $7,045,034.13 in currency, making the average cost of each mile of line $351.75.
| RECAPITULATION. | |
|---|---|
| Average cost per mile of telegraph line in Great Britain and Ireland, | $1,029.71 |
| Average cost per mile of telegraph line in Belgium, | 274.14 |
| Average cost per mile of telegraph line in Bavaria, | 240.00 |
| Average cost per mile of telegraph line in France, | 351.75 |
| Total cost of telegraphs in Great Britain and Ireland, | $16,475,360.00 |
| Total cost of telegraphs in Belgium, | 608,304.56 |
| Total cost of telegraphs in Bavaria, | 503,338.35 |
| Total cost of telegraphs in France, | 7,045,034.13 |
| Total cost for the four countries, | $24,632,037.04 |
| Total number of miles of telegraph line in Great Britain and Ireland, | 16,000 |
| Total number of miles of telegraph line in Belgium, | 2,187 |
| Total number of miles of telegraph line in Bavari, | 2,115 |
| Total number of miles of telegraph line in France, | 20,028 |
| Total number of miles of telegraph in the four countries, | 40,330 |
| Average cost of construction of each mile of telegraph line for the four countries above named, | $610.76 |
VALUE OF WESTERN UNION TELEGRAPH PROPERTY, BASED ON EUROPEAN DATA.
The number of miles of line belonging to this company is 50,760, and the number of miles of wire is 97,416.
Taking the average cost per mile of telegraph line in England as a basis for a calculation of the cost of the lines of the Western Union Telegraph Company, we have a total value of $52,166,079.60. If we estimate the cost of our lines by the average cost of all the telegraph lines in Europe of which any statistics can be obtained, we have a total value of $31,002,177.60.
Much has been said respecting the alleged unreasonably large capital of the Western Union Telegraph Company. This company was organized in the year 1851, with a capital of three hundred and sixty thousand dollars, and constructed a line of electric telegraph from Buffalo, N. Y., to Louisville, Ky., distance about six hundred miles. The cost of the line, on a gold basis, was thus $600 per mile. The present extent of line belonging to this company, if estimated by the cost of the original line, and forty per cent be added for the premium on gold, would give us $42,638,400 as its value. On the basis of the cost of the lines of the Atlantic and Pacific Telegraph Company, the capital of the Western Union Telegraph Company would be about $100,000,000, and, on that of some other rival lines, nearly $200,000,000.
The gross receipts of the Western Union Telegraph Company from July 1, 1866, to November 1, 1868,—two years and four months,—were $16,088,498.86, and the gross expenses $9,862,272.31; leaving $6,226,225.75 as the net earnings, being an average of over seven per cent per annum on the capital of the company, which is $40,347,700. After applying $1,934,040.61 of the receipts of the past two years towards the construction of new lines, and the redemption of the bonds of the company, it has made, with one exception, regular semiannual dividends of two per cent. Such a property as this, if situated in England, or any other country in Europe, would be regarded as so valuable that its stock would be held at par, and yet it is selling in our markets at the present time at sixty-four per cent discount, or at thirty-six dollars per share! At this price the entire property, including payment of the bonded debt, would only cost $19,415,672.
Now what is the explanation of this singular distrust of the value of this great property as shown by its insignificant present market value? Less than four years ago the stock sold at above par, and its earnings and prospects were then inferior to what they are at the present time. An examination of the tables on page [39] will show that the gross receipts and net earnings have constantly increased during the past two and a half years, and there is every reason, so far as the management and prosperity of the company is concerned, why its market value should have increased instead of depreciating. The explanation for this singular state of things is to be found in the constant agitation in Congress of various schemes for the construction and operation of government telegraphs, at prices very much lower than the cost of the service. Let any industry be thus constantly menaced, and it must necessarily suffer in public estimation as a safe investment. We trust the subject will be effectually settled during the present session of Congress, and the incubus which has so long rested upon this important enterprise be removed.