2. Reduplicating Verbs.

§ [178]. The preterit of the reduplicating verbs is formd by reduplication only, the radical vowel remaining unchanged. The reduplication consists of the initial consonant together with the constant reduplication vowel (short e; s. [§ 20]); e. g., haita, I am calld, prt. haíhait; ƕôpa, I boast, prt. ƕaíƕôp. When the word begins with two consonants, only the first is repeated; e. g., fraisa, I tempt, prt. faífrais. The initial combinations st, sk, [sp], however, ar repeated together; e. g., (ga-)stalda, I possess, prt. staístald; skaida, I separate, prt. skaískaiþ. When the word begins with a vowel, only the reduplication vowel is prefixt; e. g., auka, I increase, prt. aíauk.

The pp. is formd without reduplication: haitans, fraisans, etc.

§ [179]. The reduplicating verbs may be divided into five classes according to their radical vowels: (1) a (â). (2) ê. (3) ai. (4) ô. (5) au. Sinse the vowel remains unchanged in the hole verb, it causes no change of inflection. Therefore the paradim haitan (givn in [§ 170]) is sufficient for all classes.

The preterits of the following reduplicating verbs ar extant:

(1) haldan, to hold; falþan, to fold; staldan, to possess; —fâhan, to cach (prt. faífâh, pl. faífâhum, pp. fâhans), hâhan, to hang ([§ 62], n. 2).

(2) slêpan, to sleep (concerning the prt., cp. [§ 78], n. 3).

(3) af-aikan, to deny; fraisan, to tempt; haitan, to be calld; laikan, to leap; maitan, to cut off; skaidan, to separate.

(4) ƕôpan, to boast; flôkan, to lament.—The inf. belonging to the prt. laílôun (Jo. IX, 28) is probably (according to [§ 26], n.) *lauan, to revile. Cp. [§ 22], n. 2.

(5) aukan, to increase.