[107] Ethics, bk. iv, prop. 35, schol.

[108] Tractatus Theologico-politicus, ch. 5, § 2.

[109] Ibid., ch. 16.

[110] Ethics, bk. iv, prop. 37, schol. 2.

[111] Contrast Plato: the state (i.e., the governing classes) is to the lower classes as reason is to passion.

[112] Tractatus Theologico-politicus, ch. 3, § 14.

[113] Ethics, bk. iv, prop. 40.

[114] Ch. 20.

[115] Tractatus Theologico-politicus, ch. 6, § 4.

[116] Tractatus Theologico-politicus, ch. 6, § 4, ch. 7, § 29.