It is only in some few crimes that women play a larger part than men (infanticide, abortion, concealment of parentage, offenses against chastity—including procuration); in all others they play a smaller part, and in some cases much smaller, than the men.

We turn now to Italy:

Italy, 1884–1895.[175]

Years.Number of Women Convicted.
Justices of the Peace.Correctional Tribunals.Assizes.Total.
Number. %Number. %Number. %Number. %
1884 46,683 18.31 304 6.00
1885 48,063 17.58 304 5.91
1886 51,199 18.23 297 6.38
1887 45,598 17.58 4,690 9.30 265 5.11 50,553 16.05
1888 49,125 17.38 4,482 8.56 290 5.81 53,897 15.86
1889 53,690 18.38 4,910 9.08 272 5.68 58,872[176] 16.78
1890 23,984 18.29
1891 26,182 18.23
1892 25,638 17.21
1893 22,959 16.21
1894 26,274 17.34
1895 28,502 16.96

The following table shows us to what extent the women are guilty of the different crimes:

Italy, 1891–1895.[177]

Offenses.To 100 Sentenced for Each Offense there were:
Men.Women.
Infanticide 7.70 92.30
Procuration 19.11 80.89
Abortion 21.65 78.35
Defamation 53.70 46.30
Insults 54.78 45.22
Offenses against morals and order of the family 58.27 41.73
Abandonment of children, abuse of means of correction 62.85 37.15[[470]]
Simple theft 75.63 24.37
Fraud in commerce and industry 79.46 20.54
Offenses in general 82.81 17.19
Minor assaults 83.32 16.68
Corruption of minors and offenses against decency 84.80 15.20
Fraud, etc. 85.74 14.26
Aggravated theft 88.77 11.23
Threats 90.68 9.32
Rebellion and insults to public officials 90.95 9.05
Forgery 92.49 7.51
Serious assaults 93.61 6.39
Murder 93.91 6.09
Counterfeit money 95.02 4.98
Homicide 96.74 3.26
Offenses against public order 97.70 2.30
Robbery, etc. 97.77 2.23
Rape, etc. 99.04 0.96

According to the census of 1901 the population over 9 years old consisted of 49.4% men and 50.6% women.[178]


Finally some figures for the Netherlands: