Cuvier, in Le Règne Animal, 1816, applied the principles of comparative anatomy to the entire animal kingdom.
The publication in 1800 of Bichat's Traité des Membranes created a new department of anatomy, called histology.
Lamarck's book, La Philosophie Zoologique, 1809, must have a place among the great works in biology. Its influence was delayed for more than fifty years after its publication.
The monumental work of Von Baer on Development (Ueber Entwicklungsgeschichte der Thiere), 1828, is an almost ideal combination of observation and conclusion in embryology.
The Microscopische Untersuchungen, 1839, of Schwann marks the foundation of the cell-theory.
The Handbook of Johannes Müller (Handbuch der Physiologie des Menschen), 1846, remains unsurpassed as to its plan and its execution.
Max Schultze in his treatise Ueber Muskelkörperchen und das was man eine Zelle zu nennen habe, 1861, established one of the most important conceptions with which biology has been enriched, viz., the protoplasm doctrine.
Darwin's Origin of Species, 1859, is, from our present outlook, the greatest classic in biology.
Pasteur's Studies on Fermentation, 1876, is typical of the quality of his work, though his later investigations on inoculations for the prevention of hydrophobia and other maladies are of greater importance to mankind.