[165] The Four Knaves: a series of Satirical Tracts by Samuel Rowlands. Edited, with an Introduction and Notes, by E. F. Rimbault, Esq. Reprinted for the Percy Society, 1843. For the loan of the cuts of the Four Knaves the publisher is indebted to the Percy Society.

[166] On the word mandilions, Mr. Rimbault has the following note: "Mandiglione, a jacket, a Mandilion?—Florio's New World of Words, ed. 1611. Stubbes (apud Strutt, dress and habits, vol. ii, p. 267) says that it covered the whole body down to the thighs; and Randle Holme describes it as 'a loose hanging garment, much like to our jacket or jumps, but without sleeves, only having holes to put the arms through; yet some were made with sleeves, but for no other use than to hang on the back.'"

[167]

In 1641, a pamphlet, in verse, against monopolizers and patentees, appeared with the following title: 'A Pack of Patentees, opened, shuffled, cut, dealt, and played.' The articles monopolized, or for which patents had been obtained, were coals, soap, starch, leather, salt, hops, gold wire, and horns.

"We'll shuffle up the pack; those that before

Did play at post and pair, must play no more."

[168]

About the same period the game of cards seems to have furnished titles to political pamphlets in other countries as well as in England. The following is the title of a Dutch pamphlet, without date, but apparently published about the time that the treaty of Westphalia was concluded, 1648: 'Het herstelde Verkeer-bert verbetert in een Lanterluy-spel.' From a passage in this pamphlet it appears that the game of Lanterloo was the same as that called Labate—the French La Bête, called "Beast," in Cotton's Compleat Gamester.

"Vlaming. Was spel is dat, Vader Jems? ick weet niet dat ick dat oyt ghelesen heb, maer al die ghy genoemt hebt weet ick van.

"Vader Jems. O Bredder! het is dat spel dat veeltijts genoemt werdt Labate, ofte om beter te seggen, Lanterluy."