Fig. 13. A young specimen of betoum in the midst of a protecting jujube, at the Daya of Tilrempt.

Fig. 14. Leaf and shoot habit of the jujube (Zizyphus lotus). Daya of Tilrempt.

Fig. 15. Leaves of the betoum (Pistacia atlantica), from the Daya of Tilrempt.

PLATE 6

Fig. 16. South wall of the valley of the Oued M’Zab at Ghardaia.

Fig. 17. Detail of an eroded bank of the Oued M’Zab at Ghardaia. The overhanging stratum is hardpan similar to the “caliche” of southwestern United States.