SPECIES
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Vireo olivaceus (Linnaeus) Seiurus motacilla (Vieillot) Passer domesticus (Linnaeus) Estrilda amandava (Linnaeus) Poephila guttata (Reichenbach) Icterus galbula (Linnaeus) Molothrus ater (Boddaert) Piranga rubra (Linnaeus) Richmondena cardinalis (Linnaeus) Guiraca caerulea (Linnaeus) Passerina cyanea (Linnaeus) Spiza americana (Gmelin) Hesperiphona vespertina (Cooper) Carpodacus purpureus (Gmelin) |
Pinicola enucleator (Linnaeus) Leucosticte tephrocotis (Swainson) Spinus tristis (Linnaeus) Loxia curvirostra Linnaeus Chlorura chlorura (Audubon) Pipilo erythrophthalmus (Linnaeus) Calamospiza melanocorys Stejneger Chondestes grammacus (Say) Junco hyemalis (Linnaeus) Spizella arborea (Wilson) Zonotrichia querula (Nuttall) Passerella iliaca (Merrem) Calcarius lapponicus (Linnaeus) |
Description of Muscles
The descriptions which follow are those of the muscles in the leg of the Red-eyed Towhee, Pipilo erythrophthalmus. Differences between species, where present, are noted for each muscle. The term thigh is used to refer to the proximal segment of the leg; the term crus is used for that segment of the leg immediately distal to the thigh.
Musculus iliotrochantericus posticus (Fig.[ 2]).—The origin of this muscle is fleshy from the entire concave lateral surface of the ilium anterior to the acetabulum. The fibers converge posteriorly, and the muscle inserts by a short, broad tendon on the lateral surface of the femur immediately distal to the trochanter. It is the largest muscle which passes from the ilium to the femur.
Action.—Moves femur forward and rotates it anteriorly.
Comparison.—No significant differences noted among the species studied.