Radiating Power of different Bodies.
| Water | 100 | Blackened tin | 100 |
| Lamp black | 100 | Clean tin | 12 |
| Writing paper | 100 | Scraped tin | 16 |
| Glass | 90 | Ice | 85 |
| Indian ink | 88 | Mercury | 20 |
| Bright lead | 19 | Polished iron | 15 |
| Silver | 12 | Copper | 12 |
The Stone Weight.
The term “stone” is often used to indicate weight, but some confusion is apt to arise if the nature of the object or substance to be weighed is not clearly indicated; thus, in weighing men according to what is known as “horseman’s weight,” 14lb. avoirdupois are made use of; in weighing butcher’s meat, 8lb.; iron, 14lb.; glass, 5lb.; hemp, 32lb.; cheese, 16lb.
The Qualities of Gold.
Very few terms are more loosely used than that of “gold,” and it is therefore necessary that the traveller should make himself fully acquainted with the nature of the alloy made use of under the name of gold in the various countries he may chance to visit. Let him not suppose that, because the glittering chain or ring displayed in an English jeweller’s window is marked in conspicuous letters “Warranted fine gold,” the ornament is as a matter of course composed of pure gold, or he will buy experience dearly. Fine gold means nothing further than that an alloy of some kind containing some gold is for sale. It is well, therefore, to insist on the exact quality of the article (in carats—18 carats, 22 carats, or whatever it is represented to be) being stated on the vendor’s bill of charge.
The nature of gold alloy differs materially in various countries. We have, therefore, thought it well to provide the reader with the following useful tables compiled by Mr. E. W. Streeter and used in his “Hints to Purchasers of Jewellery.”
Qualities of Gold manufactured in different Parts of the World.
| £ | s. | d. | £ | s. | d. | |||||||||
| England | From | 1 | carat, worth | 0 | 3 | 6 | to | 22 | carats, worth | 3 | 17 | 10½ | ||
| France | ” | 18 | carat, | 3 | 3 | 8½ | only common by special permission. | |||||||
| Denmark | ” | 18 | ” ” | 3 | 3 | 8½ | ||||||||
| Baden | ” | 14 | ” ” | 2 | 9 | 6½ | ||||||||
| Germany (all States) | ” | 12 | ” ” | 2 | 2 | 5½ | to | 15 | carats, worth | 2 | 13 | 1 | ||
| Russia | ” | 15 | ” ” | 2 | 13 | 1 | to | 22 | ” ” | 3 | 17 | 10½ | ||
| Austria | ” | 10 | ” ” | 1 | 15 | 4¼ | to | 18 | ” ” | 3 | 3 | 8½ | ||
| Italy | ” | 12 | ” ” | 2 | 2 | 5½ | to | 22 | ” ” | 3 | 17 | 10½ | ||
| Holland | ” | 4 | ” ” | 0 | 14 | 2 | to | 22 | ” ” | 3 | 17 | 10½ | ||
| Africa | ” | 23 | ” ” | 4 | 3 | 1½ | ||||||||
| India | ” | 4 | ” ” | 3 | 17 | 10½ | to | 23½ | ” ” | 4 | 3 | 1½ | ||
| Rome | All | 18 | ” ” | 3 | 3 | 8½ | ||||||||
| U. States of America | From | 1 | ” ” | 0 | 3 | 6 | to | 18 | ” ” | 3 | 3 | 8½ | ||
| Norway and Sweden | All | 18 | ” ” | 3 | 3 | 8½ | ||||||||
| Belgium | From | 18 | ” ” | 3 | 3 | 8½ | to | 22 | ” ” | 3 | 17 | 10½ | ||
| Spain | All | 18 | ” ” | 3 | 3 | 8½ | ||||||||
| Switzerland | All | 18 | ” ” | 3 | 3 | 8½ | ||||||||
| Geneva | From | 14 | carat, | 2 | 9 | 6½ | Watch cases only. | |||||||
| China | From | 16 | ” ” | 2 | 16 | 7½ | to | 23¾ | carats, worth | 4 | 4 | 0 | ||
| Japan | From | 18 | ” ” | 3 | 3 | 8½ | to | 23¾ | ” ” | 4 | 4 | 0 | ||
| Brazil | All | 18 | carat, | 3 | 3 | 8½ | ||||||||
| Hamburg | From | 13½ | ” ” | 2 | 11 | 3½ | to | 18 | ” ” | 3 | 3 | 8½ | ||
| Turkey | ” | 18 | carat, | 3 | 3 | 8½ | ||||||||
| Greece | ” | 10 | ” ” | 1 | 15 | 4¼ | to | 16 | ” ” | 2 | 16 | 7½ | ||
| Persia | ” | 3 | ” ” | 0 | 10 | 7½ | to | 23½ | ” ” | 4 | 3 | 1½ | ||
| Egypt | ” | 18 | carat, | 3 | 3 | 8½ | ||||||||
| Rio Janeiro | Imported from 1 carat | 0 | 3 | 6 | to | 22 | ” ” | 3 | 17 | 10½ | ||||
| Chili | ” ” | 0 | 3 | 6 | to | 22 | ” ” | 3 | 17 | 10½ | ||||
| Peru | ” ” | 0 | 3 | 6 | to | 22 | ” ” | 3 | 17 | 10½ | ||||
| Siam | Nearly pure, fine work. | |||||||||||||
| Australia | Same as England, except that made up from the diggings. | |||||||||||||
| Mexico | Principal manufacture fine. | |||||||||||||
| Any quality is allowed to be imported into these countries. | ||||||||||||||