Shelton. Astbury of Shelton, early in the 18th century, made red crouch, and white stoneware. It is said he derived his knowledge of mixing the clays by pretending to be an idiot and obtaining employment at the Elers’ manufactory at Bradwell; after gaining their secret, he set up in business against them.
The first use of calcined flints as an ingredient in the composition of pottery is attributed to the younger Astbury; it led to the manufacture of fine fayence, and paved the way for the great improvements afterwards achieved by Wedgwood.
Samuel Hollins of Shelton established about 1760 a manufactory of fine red ware teapots; he procured the clay from Bradwell. He was succeeded about 1777 by T. and J. Hollins.
Fig. 247.—Green Bowl.
With ornaments in relief.
Signed “S. Hollins.”
Fig. 248.—Basin.
With white ground and blue figures in relief.
Stamped T. and J. Hollins.
The New Hall China Works at Shelton owed their origin to the purchase of Champion’s (Cookworthy’s) patent by a company of potters in 1777, and were the first porcelain manufactory in Staffordshire. The ware made here was not of a fine character; inferior artists were employed in its production, and it was never held in any great esteem. The manufacture consequently soon fell to decay, after many changes. The mark is the name of the works in a double ring.
Fig. 249.—Cup and Saucer.
Painted with flowers.