| Dedication, | p. [iii]. |
| Preface, | p. [v]. |
| Catalogue of books quoted in this work, | p. [xi]. |
| Explanation of some Russian words made use of, | p. [xiii]. |
| Table of Russian Weights, Measures of Length,and Value of Money, | p. [xiv]. |
| Advertisement, | p. [xv]. |
| List of Charts, and Directions for placing them, | p. [xvi]. |
| PART I. | |
| Containing Preliminary Observations concerningKamtchatka, and Account of theNew Discoveries made by the Russians, | p. [3]—16. |
| Chap. I. Discovery and Conquest of Kamtchatka—Presentstate of that Peninsula—Population—Tribute—Productions,&c. | p. [3]. |
| Chap. II. General idea of the commerce carried onto the New Discovered Islands—Equipment of the vessels—Risksof the trade, profits, &c. | p. [8]. |
| Chap. III. Furs and skins procured fromKamtchatka and the New Discovered Islands, | p. [12]. |
| Account of the Russian Discoveries, | p. [19]. |
| Chap. I. Commencement and progress of theRussian Discoveries in the sea of Kamtchatka—Generaldivision of the New Discovered Islands, | ibid. |
| Chap. II. Voyages in 1745—First discoveryof the Aleütian Isles, by Michael Nevodsikoff, | p. [29]. |
| Chap. III. Successive voyages, from 1747 to 1753,to Beering's and Copper Island, and to theAleütian Isles—Some account of the inhabitants, | p. [37]. |
| Chap. IV. Voyages from 1753 to 1756. Some of thefurther Aleütian or Fox Islands touched at bySerebranikoff's vessel—Some account of the natives, | p. [48]. |
| Chap. V. Voyages from 1756 to 1758, | p. [54]. |
| Chap. VI. Voyages in 1758, 1759, and 1760, tothe Fox Islands, in the St. Vladimir, fitted out byTrapesnikoff—and in the Gabriel, byBethshevin—The latter, under the command of Pushkareff,sails to Alaksu, or Alachshak, one of the remotestEastern Islands hitherto visited—Some account of its inhabitants,and productions, which latter are different from those of the moreWestern islands, | p. [61]. |
| Chap. VII. Voyage of Andrean Tolstyk, inthe St. Andrean and Natalia—Discovery of some NewIslands, called Andreanoffsky Ostrova—Description of six ofthose islands, | p. [71] |
| Chap. VIII. Voyage of the Zachariasand Elizabeth, fitted out by Kulkoff, and commandedby Dausinin—They sail to Umnak and Unalashka,and winter upon the latter island—The vessel destroyed, and allthe crew, except four, murdered by the islanders—The adventures ofthose four Russians, and their wonderful escape, | p. [80]. |
| Chap. IX. Voyage of the vessel called theTrinity, under the command of Korovin—Sails to theFox Islands—Winters at Unalashka—Puts to sea thespring following—The vessel is stranded in a bay of the islandUmnak, and the crew attacked by the natives—Many of themkilled—others carried off by sickness—-They are reduced togreat streights—Relieved by Glottoff, twelve of the wholecompany only remaining—Description of Umnak andUnalashka, | p. [89]. |
| Chap. X. Voyage of StephenGlottoff—He reaches the Fox Islands—Sailsbeyond Unalashika to Kadyak—Winters upon thatisland—Repeated attempts of the natives to destroy thecrew—They are repulsed, reconciled, and prevailed upon to tradewith the Russians—Account of Kadyak—Itsinhabitants, animals, productions—Glottoff sails back toUmnak—winters there—returns toKamtchatka—Journal of his voyage, | p. [106]. |
| Chap. XI. Solovioff's voyage—He reachesUnalashka, and passes two winters upon that island—Relation ofwhat passed there—fruitless attempts of the natives to destroy thecrew—Return of Solovioff to Kamtchatka—Journalof his voyage in returning—Description of the islands of Umnakand Unalashka, productions, inhabitants, their manners,customs, &c. &c. | p. [131]. |
| Chap. XII. Voyage of Otcheredin—Hewinters upon Umnak—Arrival of Levasheff uponUnalashka—Return of Otcheredin to Ochotsk, | p. [156]. |
| Chap. XIII. Conclusion—General positionand situation of the Aleütian and Fox Islands—their distance from each other—Further description of the dress, manners, and custom of the inhabitants—their feasts and ceremonies, &c. | p. [164]. |
| PART II. | |
| Containing the Conquest ofSiberia, and the History of the Transactionsand Commerce between Russia andChina, | p. [175]. |
| Chap. I. First irruption of the Russiansinto Siberia—second inroad—Yermac driven bythe Tzar of Muscovy from the Volga, retires to Orel,a Russian settlement—Enters Siberia, with an armyof Cossacs—his progress and exploits—DefeatsKutchum Chan—conquers his dominions—cedes them to theTzar—receives a reinforcement of Russian troops—issurprized by Kutchum Chan—his defeat anddeath—veneration paid to his memory—Russian troopsevacuate Siberia—re-enter and conquer the wholecountry—their progress stopped by the Chinese, | p. [177]. |
| Chap. II. Commencement of hostilities betweenthe Russians and Chinese—disputes concerning thelimits of the two empires—treaty ofNershinsk—embassies from the court of Russia toPekin—treaty of Kiachta—establishment of thecommerce between the two nations. | p. [197]. |
| Chap. III. Account of the Russian andChinese settlements upon the confines ofSiberia—description of the Russian frontier townKiachta—of the Chinese frontier townMaitmatschin—its buildings, pagodas, &c. | p. [211]. |
| Chap. IV. Commerce between the Chineseand Russians—list of the principal exports andimports—duties—average amount of the Russiantrade. | p. [231]. |
| Chap. V. Description ofZuruchaitu—and its trade—transport of the merchandizethrough Siberia. | p. [244]. |
| PART III. | |
| Appendix I. and II.containing Supplementary Accounts of the RussianDiscoveries, &c. &c. | |
| Appendix I. Extract from the journal of a voyagemade by Captain Krenitzin and Lieutenant Levasheff tothe Fox Islands, in 1768, 1769, by order of the Empress ofRussia—they sail from Kamtchatka—arrive atBeering's and Copper Islands—reach the FoxIslands—Krenitzin winters at Alaxa—Levasheffupon Unalashka—productions ofUnalashka—description of the inhabitants of the FoxIslands—their manners and customs, &c. | p. [251]. |
| No II. Concerning the longitude ofKamtchatka, and of the Eastern extremity of Asia, as laid downby the Russian geographers. | p. [267]. |
| No III. Summary of the proofs tending to shew,that Beering and Tschirikoff either reached Americain 1741, or came very near it. | p. [277]. |
| No IV. List of the principal chartsrepresenting the Russian Discoveries. | p. [281]. |
| No V. Position of the Andreanoffsky Islesascertained—number of the Aleutian Isles. | p. [288]. |
| No VI. Conjectures concerning the proximity ofthe Fox Islands to the continent of America. | p. [291]. |
| No VII. Of the Tschutski—reportsof the vicinity of America to their coast, first propagated bythem, seem to be confirmed by late accounts from those parts. | p. [293]. |
| No VIII. List of the New Discovered Islands,procured from an Aleütian chief—catalogue of islandscalled by different names in the account of the Russiandiscoveries. | p. [297]. |
| No IX. Voyage of Lieutenant Synd to theNorth East of Siberia—he discovers a cluster of islands,and a promontory, which he supposes to belong to the continent ofAmerica, lying near the coast of the Tschutski. | p. [300]. |
| No X. Specimen of the Aleütianlanguage. | p. [303]. |
| No XI. Attempts of the Russians todiscover a North East passage—voyages from Archangeltowards the Lena—from the Lena towardsKamtchatka—extract from Muller's account ofDeshneff's voyage round Tschukotskoi Noss—narrative ofa voyage made by Shalauroff from the Lena toShelatskoi Noss. | p. [304]. |
| Appendix II. Tartarian rhubarb brought toKiachta by the Bucharian merchants—method of examiningand purchasing the roots—different species of rheum which yieldthe finest rhubarb—price of rhubarb inRussia—exportation—superiority of the Tartarianover the Indian rhubarb. | p. [332]. |
| Table of the longitude and latitude of theprincipal places mentioned in this work. | p. [344]. |
PART I.
CONTAINING
I. PRELIMINARY OBSERVATIONS CONCERNING KAMTCHATKA,
AND
II. ACCOUNT OF THE NEW DISCOVERIES MADE BY THE RUSSIANS.
PRELIMINARY OBSERVATIONS
CONCERNING
KAMTCHATKA, &c.
CHAP. I.
Discovery and Conquest of Kamtchatka—Present state of that Peninsula—Population—Tribute—Productions, &c.
First Discovery of Kamtchatka.