The Facial Angle. 9. In the above investigation both the facial angles of Camper and Cuvier have been invariably taken and recorded, but as the latter is scientifically more accurate, at any rate on the living subject, it will suffice to notice the results under the latter measurement alone, as it gives us more accurately the true or sub-nasal prognathism of the individual.
10. All the measurements of facial angles were taken with Broca’s facial goniometer, by far the best [[xxxii]]instrument for the purpose. All human beings, no matter to what race they belong, are, of course, prognathous, the only difference being one of degree, the more acute angle shown indicating naturally the greater degree of prognathism.
11. In looking at the table given at the end of this section it will be seen that the Mânjhi, a true Dravidian (one hundred of whom were selected for measurement), has the highest angle, viz., 70, closely followed by the Dhângar, another caste of the same class, with one of 69, the aristocratic Brâhman and Râjput ranking sixth on the list with the same average angle as the Dravidian Chamâr. The vermin-eating Musahar comes at the bottom of the list with an average angle of 62.
12. Finally if we select a representative caste out of each of the main divisions thus—
| Division. | Caste. | Facial Angle. | ||
| 1. | Aryan | Brâhman | 65 | |
| 2. | Medium | Kâyasth | 66 | |
| 3. | Dravidian |  | Chamâr | 65 |
| (a) Hinduized | ||||
| (b) Aboriginal | Kol | 67 | ||
and compare them, we find that there is practically no difference whatever. [[xxxiii]]
Table of Facial Angles.
| Caste. | Average Index. | |
| Mânjhi | 70 | |
| Dhângar | 69 | |
| Arakh |  | 68 |
| Bauriya | ||
| Agariya | ||
| Bhuiyâr | ||
| Bhurtiya | ||
| Chero | ||
| Kharwâr | ||
| Panka | ||
| Kahâr |  | 67 |
| Darzi | ||
| Mâli | ||
| Kol | ||
| Banjâra | | 66 |
| Barhai | ||
| Brâhman | | 65 |
| Râjput | ||
| Chamâr | ||
| Etc., etc. | ||
| Pâsi | … | |
| * * * | * * * | |
| Musahar | 62 | |
Summary. 13. To finally sum up, I have, for purposes of easy comparison, taken one hundred subjects from each of the main divisions promiscuously, and irrespectively of caste, and at the end of this paragraph will be found the averages of each measurement separately under each division, in order to be able to compare finally the highest with the lowest caste, the noblest born Aryan with the humblest born Drâvir, and I think on looking at the table one cannot but be struck with the result and notice the very slight material difference that exists, a fact which tends to prove beyond doubt that the racial origin of all must have been similar, and that the foundation upon which the whole caste system in India is based, is that of function and not upon any real or appreciable difference of blood.” [[xxxiv]]