| Advice | counsel |
| advise | to counsel |
| albumen | white of egg |
| albumin | viscous substance |
| alegar | ale vinegar |
| aleger | cheerful, sprightly |
| ante | preceding |
| anti | against |
| apprise | to inform |
| apprize | to value |
| auger | tool |
| augur | to predict by signs |
| Base | bottom, vile |
| bass | lowest tone |
| bask | to lie in warmth |
| basque | apparel |
| berth | place to sleep |
| birth | coming into life |
| breach | gap |
| breech | hinder part of a gun |
| Cannon | gun |
| canon | law or rule |
| canyon | gorge |
| cannot | denial of power |
| can not | affirmation of power |
| canvas | cloth |
| canvass | to solicit |
| capital | chief, money, stock |
| capitol | building |
| caster | vial |
| castor | rodent |
| censer | incense-pan |
| censor | critic |
| cere | to wax |
| sear | to burn the surface |
| seer | prophet |
| sere | dry, withered |
| claimant | one who claims |
| clamant | beseeching |
| complement | fulness |
| compliment | praise |
| conveyer | one who conveys |
| conveyor | contrivance for conveying objects |
| coquet | to trifle in love |
| coquette | flirt |
| council | deliberative body |
| counsel | to advise |
| consular | pertaining to a counsel |
| councilor | member of a council |
| counselor | adviser |
| corespondent | one who answers jointly with another |
| correspondent | one who corresponds by letter |
| Depositary | receiver |
| depository | place of deposit |
| discreet | prudent |
| discrete | distinct |
| dyeing | coloring |
| dying | expiring |
| Emigrant | one who moves out of a country |
| immigrant | one who moves into a country |
| emigration | moving out |
| immigration | moving in |
| empirical | experimentative |
| empyrical | combustible principle of coal |
| Faker | cheat, swindler |
| fakir | Oriental religious ascetic |
| farther | as applied to distance |
| further | signifying additional |
| Galipot | resin or pitch |
| gallipot | medicine pot |
| gantlet | “running the gantlet” |
| gauntlet | glove |
| grisly | horrible |
| grizzly | grayish |
| Hoard | accumulate |
| horde | troop |
| Immanent | inherent |
| imminent | impending |
| impassible | incapable of emotion |
| impassable | not passable |
| incipient | commencing |
| insipient | stupid, foolish |
| indict | charge with crime |
| indite | compose, write |
| indiscreet | imprudent |
| indiscrete | compact |
| intension | stretching |
| intention | determination |
| Lessen | to reduce |
| lesson | something to be studied |
| Maize | corn |
| maze | labyrinth |
| marten | animal |
| martin | bird |
| meat | flesh |
| meet | to join, proper |
| mete | to measure |
| miner | digger |
| minor | under age |
| mucous | slimy |
| mucus | viscid fluid |
| O | wish, imprecation |
| oh! | an exclamation |
| Panel | sunken plane with raised margins |
| pannel | rustic saddle |
| parol | oral declaration |
| parole | word of honor |
| passable | admitting passage |
| passible | unfeeling |
| pendant | ornament |
| pendent | hanging |
| premices | first-fruits |
| premises | property |
| principal | adjective |
| principle | noun |
| prophecy | prediction |
| prophesy | to foretell |
| Rabbet | groove in edge of boards |
| rabbit | small animal |
| resin | semi-liquid exudation of the pine |
| rosin | solid product of turpentine |
| rigger | a fitter of ships’ rigging |
| rigor | muscular rigidity |
| riot | tumult |
| ryot | tiller of the soil |
| Saver | one who saves |
| savor | flavor |
| subtle | sly, artful |
| suttle | net weight |
| sheath | scabbard |
| sheathe | to cover |
| sleight | artful trick |
| slight | small |
| Theocracy | government by direction of God |
| theocrasy | mixture of worship of different gods |
| ton | measure of weight |
| tun | large cask |
| Vertical | perpendicular |
| verticle | axis, hinge |
| Wheal | raised mark, a welt |
| wheel | rotating disk |
{45}
COMPOUND WORDS
THE general theory of compounding is that when two words are used together with but a single meaning, the hyphen is employed if the emphasis of pronunciation falls upon the first word, but omitted if it is the second word which requires the emphasis. Practice, however, has shown that this theory is not sufficiently specific in its expression to guide the student who is desirous of making consistent use of the hyphen, and recourse to the various dictionaries adds to his confusion because of the many variations. Good usage, therefore, becomes his only refuge, and the rules which are formulated and collated here are based wholly upon what appears to the present writer to come within this definition. Many words originally compounded or written as two words are now written as one; on the other hand, modern usage now compounds or breaks into two words many words which were originally written as one.
¶ In general, hyphens should always be omitted when the meaning can be equally well expressed by using the same words separately. {46}
Use the hyphen:
1. With the prefix mid, except in cases of words in common use: e.g., mid-channel, but midsummer, midday, etc.
2. When two or more words (except proper names which form a unity in themselves) are combined, preceding a noun: e.g., the well-known financier, up-to-date equipment, go-as-you-please race; but a quaint old English tea-room.
In applying this rule be careful not to hyphenate adjectives and participles with adverbs which end in ly, nor with combinations such as those referred to when following a noun or qualifying a predicate: e.g., possessed of highly developed intelligence, a lawyer well thought of in his own city.
3. In such words as attorney-general, vice-president, rear-admiral, etc.; but not in viceroy, vicegerent, etc.