Table of case shot.—Continued.

Kind.For mortars.Howitzers.
Weight
of
each
shot.		No. of
shot
in
each.		Weight
of case
filled.		Weight
of
each
shot.		No. of
shot
in
each.		Weight
of case
filled.
In.oz.No.lbs.oz.oz.No.lbs.oz.
10 8170918————
8 6 90384690388
5¹⁄₂3 55126355128
4 2 55 81255 82

Small shells, as 4²⁄₅ inches, and hand grenades were quilted into grape for 13 inch mortars at Gibraltar. The fuzes were turned inwards next the iron tompion, and leaders of quick match for communicating fire to the fuzes were introduced through holes made in the wooden bottom, and placed as near the fuzes as possible in the centre of the grape. These answered very well for short ranges.

Hot Shot.—The powder for firing with hot shot must be in strong flannel cartridges, without any holes, lest some grains should remain in the bore, in putting the cartridge home. Over the powder must be rammed a good dry wad, then a damp one, and then the hot shot; and if the gun lays at a depression, there must be a wad over the shot, which may be rammed home. If the above precautions be attended to, the gun may be pointed after being loaded, without the smallest danger, as it is well known that the shot will grow cold in the gun, without burning more than a few threads of the wads next it. This is not the mode usually taught of loading with hot shot, but is that which was practised during the siege of Gibraltar. Mr. Durtubie proposes putting the shot when heated, into a tin cannister, as an effectual method of preventing accidents.

The grates usually made for heating shot will generally make them red hot in three-fourths of an hour.

SHOULDER. The upper part of the blade of a sword is so called. The shoulders of regimental sword-blades, for the infantry, should be one inch broad at least.

Shoulder of a bastion. In fortification. See [Epaule].

Shoulder-belt, so called because it hangs over the shoulder, to carry the bayonet or sword: it is made of strong leather.

To SHOULDER. In a military sense; to lay on the shoulder, or to rest any thing against it. Hence to shoulder a musquet.

Shoulder arms. A word of command which is used in the manual exercise. See [Manual].