Military Buildings, are of various sorts, viz. powder-magazines, bridges, gates, barracks, hospitals, store-houses, guard-rooms, &c.
Regular Building, is that whose plan is square, the opposite sides equal, and all the parts disposed with symmetry.
Irregular Building, that whose plan is not contained within equal or parallel lines, either by the accident of situation, or the design of the builder, and whose parts are not relative to one another in the elevation.
Insulated Building, that which is not contiguous to any other, but is encompassed with streets, open squares, &c. or any building which stands in a river, on a rock surrounded by the sea, marsh, &c.
Engaged Building, one surrounded with other buildings, having no front to any street or public place, nor any communication without, but by a common passage.
Interred or sunk Building, one whose area is below the surface of the place where it stands, and of which the lowest courses of stone are concealed.
In building there are three things to be considered, viz. commodity or conveniency; secondly, firmness or stability; thirdly, delight.
To accomplish which ends, Wotton considers the whole subject under two heads, namely, the seat or situation, and the work.
1. As for the seat, either that of the whole is to be considered, or that of its parts.
2. As to the situation, regard is to be had to the quality, temperature, and salubrity or healthiness of the air; that it be a good healthy air, not subject to foggy noisomeness from adjacent fens or marshes; also free from noxious mineral exhalations; nor should the place want the sweet influence of the sun-beams, nor be wholly destitute of the breezes of wind, that will fan and purge the air; the want of which would render it like a stagnated pool, and would be very unhealthy.