Pr. signifies pounder. Thus 24 pr. is a 24 pounder.
T. C. qr. lb. signifies tons, hundreds, quarters, pounds; and 28 lb. is one quarter: 4 qr. is one centner, or 112 pounds; and 20 C. or cwt. is one ton.
lb. oz. dr. means, pounds, ounces and drams: 16 dr. is one ounce, and 16 oz. is one pound avoirdupois.
lb. oz. dwts. gr. is pounds, ounces, penny-weights, and grains; of which 24 gr. make one penny-weight, 20 dwt. make one ounce, and 12 oz. one pound of troy-weight.
Characters in fire-works, are the following.
| M | Meal-powder. |
| Э | Corned powder. |
| Ө | Saltpetre. |
| Z | Brimstone. |
| C Z | Crude Sulphur. |
| C + | Carbon or charcoal. |
| C S | Sea-Coal. |
| B R | Beech raspings. |
| S X | Steel or iron filings. |
| B X | Brass-dust. |
| G X | Glass-dust. |
| T X | Tanners dust. |
| C I | Cast-iron. |
| C A | Crude antimony. |
| Camphor. | |
| A Y | Yellow amber. |
| L S | Lapis calaminaris. |
| ᘏ | Gum. |
| B L | Lamp-black. |
| G I | Ising-glass. |
| W | Spirit of wine. |
| S T | Spirit of turpentine. |
| P O | Oil of spike. |
Characters, used in the arithmetic of infinites, are dots over letters, denoting the character of an infinitesimal, or fluxion. Thus the first fluxions of x, y, z, being marked thus, .x, .y, .z; the second are ..x, ..y, ..z, and the third .:x, :.y, :.z.
Geographical Characters, are °, ′, ″, ‴ &c. which signify degrees, minutes, seconds, thirds. Thus 40°, 55′, 18″, 55‴, is read 40 degrees, 35 minutes, 18 seconds, 55 thirds. It is also used in the elevation of pieces of artillery.
Characters. See [Gunpowder].
CHARBON, See [Aigremore].