Gratification signified, among the French, in a more extended sense of the word, a public reward given to a body of soldiers on the recommendation of a general, for some signal act of bravery in the day of battle. When this happened the soldiers had a certain sum of money distributed amongst them, and the officers received annual pensions.

Gratification likewise means a certain allowance in money which is made to prisoners of war. The British officers in France have been allowed 6d. per day, and the non-commissioned and soldiers 1¹⁄₂d. the officers have also 1s. 6d. in lieu of rations.

GRATTER un Vaisseau, Fr. to clean or careen a ship.

Gratter en maconnerie, Fr. to restore the original appearance of a wall or building by grating the superficies with a trowel, or any other iron instrument.

GRAVEURS, Fr. Persons employed and paid by the founders of cannon for repairing damaged pieces of artillery. Some individual, however, was distinguished by the name of Graveur de l’Artillerie, Engraver to the Artillery, and was permitted, by the Grand Master of the Ordnance, to exhibit over his shop-door the arms of the royal artillery.

GRAVITY.—Table of the Specific gravity of several Solid and Fluid bodies.

Platina23400
Fine gold19640
Standard gold18888
Quick silver11325
Fine silver11091
Standard silver10535
Copper9000
Copper halfpence8915
Gun metal8784
Cast brass8000
Steel7850
Iron7645
Cast iron7425
Tin7320
Crystal glass3150
Marble2700
Common green glass2600
Flint2570
Common stone2520
Clay2160
Brick2000
Common earth1984
Nitre1900
Ivory1825
Brimstone1810
Solid gunpowder1745
Sand1520
Coal1250
Boxwood1030
Sea water1030
Common water1000
Oak925
Gunpowder, close stacken937
Do. in loose heap836
Ash800
Maple755
Elm600
Fir550
Charcoal
Cork240
Air1.232

The several sorts of wood are supposed dry.

This table also contains the weight of a cubic foot of each body in avoirdupois ounces; from whence results the following rules:

1. To find the magnitude of any body from its Weight.