Footnote 28:[(return)]
T.J., p. 402; Some Chinese Ghosts, by Lafcadio Hearn, p. 129.
Footnote 29:[(return)]
S. and H., Japan, p. 397; Classical Poetry of the Japanese, p. 201, note.
Footnote 30:[(return)]
The Japanese word Ryō means both, and is applied to the eyes, ears, feet, things correspondent or in pairs, etc.; bu is a term for a set, kind, group, etc.
Footnote 31:[(return)]
Rein, p. 432; T.A.S.J., Vol. XXI., pp. 241-270; T.J., p. 339.
Footnote 32:[(return)]
The Chrysanthemum, Vol. I., p. 401.
Footnote 33:[(return)]
Even the Takétori Monogatari (The Bamboo Cutter's Daughter), the oldest and the best of the Japanese classic romances is (at least in the text and form now extant) a warp of native ideas with a woof of Buddhist notions.
Footnote 34:[(return)]
Mr. Percival Lowell argues, in Esoteric Shintō, T.A.S.J., Vol. XXI., that besides the habit of pilgrimages, fire-walking, and god-possession, other practices supposed to be Buddhistic are of Shintō origin.
Footnote 35:[(return)]
The native literature illustrating Riyōbuism is not extensive. Mr. Ernest Satow in the American Cyclopædia (Japan: Literature) mentions several volumes. The Tenchi Réiki Noko, in eighteen books contains a mixture of Buddhism and Shintō, and is ascribed by some to Shōtoku and by others to Kōbō, but now literary critics ascribe these, as well as the books Jimbetsuki and Tenshoki, to be modern forgeries by Buddhist priests. The Kogoshiui, written in A.D. 807, professes to preserve fragments of ancient tradition not recorded in the earlier books, but the main object is that which lies at the basis of a vast mass of Japanese literature, namely, to prove the author's own descent from the gods. The Yuiitsu Shintō Miyoho Yoshiu, in two volumes, is designed to prove that Shintō and Buddhism are identical in their essence. Indeed, almost all the treatises on Shintō before the seventeenth century maintained this view. Certain books like the Shintō Shu, for centuries popular, and well received even by scholars, are now condemned on account of their confusion of the two religions. One of the most interesting works which we have found is the San Kai Ri, to which reference has been made.
Footnote 36:[(return)]
T.J., p. 224.
Footnote 37:[(return)]
"Human life is but fifty years," Japanese Proverb; M.E., p. 107.