[896] Sueton Aug 32 (cf Tib 8), and the elder Seneca contr X 4 § 18. Even in the second century AD, Spart Hadr 18 § 9 ergastula servorum et liberorum tulit. Perhaps the ergastula in Columella I 3 § 12 refer to the same practice.
[897] H Blümner in Müller’s Handbuch IV 2 2 p 543 says that Varro does not refer to the Kolonat als Pacht. But that sense seems clearly implied in I 2 § 17, II 3 § 4 in lege locationis fundi. In I 16 § 4 it surely includes tenants, even if the application is more general. In II praef § 5 colonus is simply = arator, opposed to pastor.
[898] Columella I 7.
[899] Pliny epist III 19, IX 37.
[900] This reminds us of Varro’s words, speaking (I 17 § 2) of free workers ... cum ipsi colunt, ut plerique pauperculi cum sua progenie.
[901] Cf Tibullus II 1 23 turbaque vernarum saturi bona signa coloni.
[903] Hor epist I 14 39, cf II 2 184-6.
[904] Hor Sat I 3 99 foll, where animalia seems to mean little more than homines.
[905] Hor Sat II 6 55-6, Odes III 4 37-40.