Three Vertical Divisions in Wood
The desk in [Figure 28], [Plate 12], is a good example of the three-vertical space rule. The drawer in the center forms the mid or dominant section and by its greater length holds the two smaller sections together. This design is better than [Figure 27], which has a similar mass. The prominent vertical lines in [Figure 27] counteract and destroy the effect of the long horizontal dominant lines of the table top, whereas in [Figure 28], the vertical lines in the center of the design are so short that they do not interfere with the horizontal lines of the table top. [Figure 28] supports the horizontal tendency of the primary mass while [Figure 27] neutralizes or practically destroys its character.
Three Vertical Divisions in Clay and Cement
[Figure 30], [Plate 13], represents an overmantle by the Rookwood Potteries. It is typical of a class of overmantles which may be developed in tiles or in cement, forming an agreeable contrast with the brick of a large fireplace. The three divisions or triptych should be proportionately related to the opening of the fireplace and to the enclosing mass of brick or wood work. We will consider [Figure 29] to show how this may be carried out.
[Figure 29] bears a strong resemblance to [Figure 12], [Plate 9], and is an elaboration of a simple three-division theme of spacing. The design seems to be complex until it is analyzed into two rules. The primary mass of the entire fireplace motive (including the surrounding panelling) has first been planned with strong and prominent horizontal lines. This was then divided vertically (A) to conform with Rule 3b, the three-division theme, giving the divisions for the bookcases and mantle. The horizontal divisions (B) were then constructed within the remaining space, affecting the distance from the picture moulding to the mantle and from the mantle to the floor line, in accordance with Rule 2a. That left the space of the width of the cement work (C) to be subdivided again by Rule 3b, while the top of the wainscoting panels re-echoed the previous horizontal divisions of Rule 2a. The fireplace opening merely carries out at D the same proportionate relation that dominates all vertical divisions, Rule 3b, while the wainscoting follows the general horizontal divisions of Rule 2a. By this method we have variety in spacing and unity through repetition of similar proportions.
Plate 15
The cement bench, [Figure 31], has a three-division arrangement to break up the monotony of the long rail, and at the same time to repeat the characteristics of a horizontal primary mass.
Three Vertical Divisions in Metal