Illustrations [103] to [106] are typical forms of present day outline enrichment. Limitations of space will not permit reference to the use of Period furniture. Sheraton and Hepplewhite designs are most adaptable for school uses as may be seen by comparing the Sheraton desk ([Figure 106]) with the foot stool in [Figure 96].
INSTRUCTION SHEET
[Figure 83] and [Plates 22] and 23 are indicative of what might be obtained from a class. The problem represented on Plate 23 is advantageously colored with the intended stain and with a small section of side wall and trim visible. See [Chapter 16], [Figures 458] to [463]. [Figure 102a] shows the method of enlarging a design into a full size working drawing for shop purposes.
SUMMARY OF DESIGN STEPS
(a) Draw the primary rectangle.
(b) Subdivide the rectangle into vertical and horizontal divisions.
(c) Determine parts to be treated by contour enrichment.
(d) Determine method suited to the project: wood turning, moulding, etc.
(e) Group the wood turning curves under a definite system included under Rules 2a and 2b. Group the mouldings under crown, intermediate, and base classifications. Add this enrichment to the primary mass or make other simple variations that will not destroy the unity of the project.
(f) Dimension and otherwise prepare the drawing for shop use.
(g) Construct the project.
Note.—If the designer is not properly equipped to prepare his own mouldings, he should consult moulding catalogs or the stock of some local lumber company.
ADDITIONAL SUGGESTED PROBLEMS
Design a wood pedestal with the curves grouped into three horizontal divisions.
Design a hall table 2 feet 10 inches high and add simple contour enrichment.
SUMMARY OF RULES
Rule 5a. Outline enrichment should be subordinated to and support the structure.
Rule 5b. Outline enrichment should add grace, lightness, and variety to the design.
Rule 5c. Outline enrichment, by its similarity, should give a sense of oneness or unity to the design, binding divergent members together.
REVIEW QUESTIONS
1. State nature and need of enrichment.
2. What two forms of enrichment are commonly used in industrial arts design?
3. What four qualities are added to industrial design by contour enrichment?
4. What disturbing elements should be guarded against in the application of contour enrichment?
5. Describe the curve of force and its function in the contour enrichment of wood.
6. What are mouldings? Name three types of mouldings, their positions with relation to the eye level, and some curves used in their design.
7. Give examples of curves of continuity and contrast. By what means should two contrasting curves be separated?
8. How should a curve join a straight line?
9. Explain the grouping of contour curves in wood turning projects similar to a round leg or candlestick.
10. Present five designs for book-racks, enriched by changes of the contour. Give architectural cross references for each design.
11. Present three well designed table or chair legs and top and bottom rails and assemble one of these in a design.
Chapter VII
ENRICHMENT OF THE CONTOURS OR OUTLINES OF DESIGNS IN CLAY
Need of Enrichment
In the medium we are now about to consider there is a tendency for the enthusiastic beginner to over-elaborate the outline into meaningless forms. This possibly is due to the ease with which clay is manipulated. It would be well then to ask two questions before starting with the work of enriching the simple structure. First, why should it be enriched—is there a positive gain by so doing? Second, (if the decision is favorable to enrichment) where should it be enriched? Let us co-ordinate the parts to assist in this process.
Parts Differing in Function
Rule 5d. Parts of one design differing in function should differ in appearance but be co-ordinated with the entire design. As a suggestion to guide one in enriching an object it is necessary to consider that parts differing in function may differ in appearance, but as members of one family they should still be related to the whole. For example, a spout, handle, and lid may differ in design from that of the body of a pitcher because they differ from it in function. Again, the rim and foot of a vase may be slightly changed or individually accented because of their respective duties. The base and holder of a candlestick may vary in design from the central part or handle, as each has a special function to perform. This rule of the change of appearance with the change of functional service (Rule 5d), is found throughout architectural design. The variation in design in the base, shaft, and capital of a column is possibly one of the most common examples. While differing in function they still must have unity and "hold together."