ILLUSTRATIONS.
| Page. | ||
| Plate XXI.— | Natural shells as vessels | [192] |
| XXII.— | Vessels artificially shaped | [194] |
| XXIII.— | Vessel with engraved surface | [196] |
| XXIV.— | Spoons | [200] |
| XXV.— | Celts | [204] |
| XXVI.— | Cutting and scraping implements | [206] |
| XXVII.— | Weapons, agricultural implements, etc. | [208] |
| XXVIII.— | Fishing appliances | [210] |
| XXIX.— | Manufacture of pins and beads | [214] |
| XXX.— | Pins, Atlantic coast forms | [216] |
| XXXI.— | Pins, Pacific coast forms | [218] |
| XXXII.— | Beads, perforated shells | [220] |
| XXXIII.— | Beads, discoidal in form | [222] |
| XXXIV.— | Beads, massive in form | [224] |
| XXXV.— | Beads, tubular in form | [226] |
| XXXVI.— | Beads, "Runtees" | [228] |
| XXXVII.— | The wampum belt in treaties | [240] |
| XXXVIII.— | Wampum belts | [242] |
| XXXIX.— | Wampum belts | [244] |
| XL.— | Wampum belt | [246] |
| XLI.— | Wampum belt | [248] |
| XLII.— | Wampum belt | [250] |
| XLIII.— | The Penn belt | [252] |
| XLIV.— | Strings of wampum | [254] |
| XLV.— | Ancient pendant ornaments | [256] |
| XLVI.— | Plain pendants, Atlantic coast forms | [258] |
| XLVII.— | Plain pendants, Pacific coast forms | [260] |
| XLVIII.— | Plain pendants, Pacific coast forms | [262] |
| XLIX.— | Plain pendants, Pacific coast forms | [264] |
| L.— | Perforated plates | [266] |
| LI.— | Engraved gorgets, the cross | [268] |
| LII.— | Engraved gorgets, the cross | [270] |
| LIII.— | Engraved gorgets, the cross | [272] |
| LIV.— | Engraved gorgets, scalloped disks | [274] |
| LV.— | Engraved gorgets, scalloped disks | [276] |
| LVI.— | Engraved gorgets, scalloped disks | [278] |
| LVII.— | Scalloped disks, etc. | [280] |
| LVIII.— | Engraved gorgets, the bird, etc. | [282] |
| LIX.— | Engraved gorgets, the bird, etc. | [284] |
| LX.— | Engraved gorgets, the bird | [286] |
| LXI.— | Engraved gorgets, the spider | [288] |
| LXII.— | Engraved gorgets, the rattlesnake | [290] |
| LXIII.— | Engraved gorgets, the rattlesnake | [290] |
| LXIV.— | Engraved gorgets, the rattlesnake | [292] |
| LXV.— | Engraved gorgets, the rattlesnake | [292] |
| LXVI.— | The serpent | [292] |
| LXVII.— | Engraved gorgets, the human face | [294] |
| LXVIII.— | Engraved gorgets, the human face | [294] |
| LXIX.— | Engraved gorgets, the human face | [296] |
| LXX.— | Engraved gorgets, the human face | [296] |
| LXXI.— | Engraved gorgets, the human figure | [298] |
| LXXII.— | Engraved gorgets, the human figure | [298] |
| LXXIII.— | Engraved gorgets, the human figure | [300] |
| LXXIV.— | Engraved gorgets, the human figure | [300] |
| LXXV.— | Engraved gorgets, the human figure | [302] |
| LXXVI.— | The human figure | [302] |
| LXXVII.— | Sculptured frogs | [304] |
ART IN SHELL OF THE ANCIENT AMERICANS.
By William H. Holmes.
INTRODUCTORY.
The student will find scattered throughout a wide range of archæologic literature frequent but casual mention of works of art in shell. Individual uses of shell have been dwelt upon at considerable length by a few authors, but up to this time no one has undertaken the task of bringing together in one view the works of primitive man in this material.
Works of ancient peoples in stone, clay, and bronze, in all countries, have been pretty thoroughly studied, described, and illustrated.
Stone would seem to have the widest range, as it is employed with almost equal readiness in all the arts.