| [Book I.] | |
| [CHAPTER I.] | |
| ABDICATION OF CHARLES THE FIFTH. | |
| PAGE | |
Introductory Remarks—Spain under Charles the Fifth—He prepares toresign the Crown—His Abdication—His Return to Spain—His Journey toYuste | |
| [CHAPTER II.] | |
| EARLY DAYS OF PHILIP. | |
Birth of Philip the Second—His Education—Intrusted with theRegency—Marries Mary of Portugal—Visit to Flanders—PublicFestivities—Ambitious Schemes—Returns to Spain | |
| [CHAPTER III.] | |
| ENGLISH ALLIANCE. | |
Condition of England—Character of Mary—Philip's Proposals ofMarriage—Marriage Articles—Insurrection in England | |
| [CHAPTER IV.] | |
| ENGLISH ALLIANCE. | |
Mary's Betrothal—Joanna Regent of Castile—Philip embarks forEngland—His splendid Reception—Marriage of Philip and Mary—RoyalEntertainments—Philip's Influence—The Catholic Churchrestored—Philip's Departure | |
| [CHAPTER V.] | |
| WAR WITH THE POPE. | |
Empire of Philip—Paul the Fourth—Court of France—League againstSpain—The Duke of Alva—Preparations for War—Victorious Campaign | |
| [CHAPTER VI.][{xii}] | |
| WAR WITH THE POPE. | |
Guise enters Italy—Operations in the Abruzz—Siege of Civitella—Alvadrives out the French—Rome menaced by the Spaniards—Paul consents toPeace—Paul's Subsequent Career | |
| [CHAPTER VII.] | |
| WAR WITH FRANCE. | |
England joins in the War—Philip's Preparations—Siege of St.Quentin—French Army routed—Storming of St. Quentin—Successes of theSpaniards | |
| [CHAPTER VIII.] | |
| WAR WITH FRANCE. | |
Extraordinary Efforts of France—Calais surprised by Guise—The Frenchinvade Flanders—Bloody Battle of Gravelines—Negotiations forPeace—Mary's Death—Accession of Elizabeth—Treaty of Cateau-Cambresis | |
| [CHAPTER IX.] | |
| LATTER DAYS OF CHARLES THE FIFTH. | |
Charles at Yuste—His Mode of Life—Interest in PublicAffairs—Celebrates his Obsequies—Last Illness—Death and Character | |
| [Book II.] | |
| [CHAPTER I.] | |
| VIEW OF THE NETHERLANDS. | |
Civil Institutions—Commercial Prosperity—Character of thePeople—Protestant Doctrines—Persecution by Charles the Fifth | |
| [CHAPTER II.] | |
| SYSTEM ESTABLISHED BY PHILIP. | |
Unpopular Manners of Philip—He enforces the Edicts—Increase of theBishoprics—Margaret of Parma Regent—Meeting of theStates-General—Their spirited Conduct—Organization of theCouncils—Rise and Character of Granvelle—Philip's Departure | |
| [CHAPTER III.] | |
| PROTESTANTISM IN SPAIN. | |
Philip's Arrival in Spain—The Reformed Doctrines—TheirSuppression—Autos da Fé—Prosecution of Carranza—Extinction ofHeresy—Fanaticism of the Spaniards | |
| [CHAPTER IV.][{xiii}] | |
| PHILIP'S THIRD MARRIAGE. | |
Reception of Isabella—Marriage Festivities—The Queen's Mode ofLife—The Court removed to Madrid | |
| [CHAPTER V.] | |
| DISCONTENT IN THE NETHERLANDS. | |
The Reformation—Its Progress in the Netherlands—GeneralDiscontent—William of Orange | |
| [CHAPTER VI.] | |
| OPPOSITION TO THE GOVERNMENT. | |
Grounds of Complaint—The Spanish Troops—The New Bishoprics—Influenceof Granvelle—Opposed by the Nobles—His Unpopularity | |
| [CHAPTER VII.] | |
| GRANVELLE COMPELLED TO WITHDRAW. | |
League against Granvelle—Margaret desires his Removal—Philipdeliberates—Granvelle dismissed—Leaves the Netherlands | |
| [CHAPTER VIII.] | |
| CHANGES DEMANDED BY THE LORDS. | |
Policy of Philip—Ascendancy of the Nobles—The Regent'sEmbarrassments—Egmont sent to Spain | |
| [CHAPTER IX.] | |
| PHILIP'S INFLEXIBILITY. | |
Philip's Duplicity—His Procrastination—Despatches from Segovia—Effecton the Country—The Compromise—Orange and Egmont | |
| [CHAPTER X.] | |
| THE CONFEDERATES. | |
Design of the Confederates—They enter Brussels—The Petition—The Gueux | |
| [CHAPTER XI.] | |
| FREEDOM OF WORSHIP. | |
The Edicts suspended—The Sectaries—The Public Preachings—Attempt tosuppress them—Meeting at St. Trond—Philip's Concessions | |
| [CHAPTER XII.][{xiv}] | |
| THE ICONOCLASTS. | |
Cathedral of Antwerp sacked—Sacrilegious Outrages—Alarm atBrussels—Churches granted to Reformers—Margaret repents herConcessions—Feeling at Madrid—Sagacity of Orange—His ReligiousOpinions | |
| [CHAPTER XIII.] | |
| THE REGENT'S AUTHORITY REËSTABLISHED. | |
Reaction—Appeal to Arms—Tumult in Antwerp—Siege of Valenciennes—TheGovernment triumphant | |
| [CHAPTER XIV.] | |
| TRANQUILLITY RESTORED. | |
Oath imposed by Margaret—Refused by Orange—He leaves theNetherlands—Submission of the Country—New Edict—Order restored | |
| [Book III.] | |
| [CHAPTER I.] | |
| ALVA SENT TO THE NETHERLANDS. | |
Alva's Appointment—His remarkable March—He arrives atBrussels—Margaret disgusted—Policy of the Duke—Arrest of Egmont andHoorne | |
| [CHAPTER II.] | |
| CRUEL POLICY OF ALVA. | |
The Council of Blood—Its Organization—General Prosecutions—Civil Warin France—Departure of Margaret—Her administration reviewed | |
| [CHAPTER III.] | |
| REIGN OF TERROR. | |
Numerous Arrests—Trials and Executions—Confiscations—Orange assemblesan Army—Battle of Heyligerlee—Alva's Proceedings | |
| [CHAPTER IV.] | |
| TRIALS OF EGMONT AND HOORNE | |
The Examination—Efforts in their Behalf—Specification ofCharges—Sentence of Death—The Processes reviewed | |
| [CHAPTER V.][{xv}] | |
| EXECUTION OF EGMONT AND HOORNE. | |
The Counts removed to Brussels—Informed of the Sentence—Procession tothe Scaffold—The Execution—Character of Egmont—Fate of hisFamily—Sentiment of the People | |
| [CHAPTER VI.] | |
| SECRET EXECUTION OF MONTIGNY. | |
Bergen and Montigny—Their Situation in Spain—Death of Bergen—Arrestof Montigny—Plot for his Escape—His Process—Removal toSimancas—Closer Confinement—Midnight Execution | |
| [Book IV.] | |
| [CHAPTER I.] | |
| THE OTTOMAN EMPIRE. | |
Condition of Turkey—African Corsairs—Expedition against Tripoli—Waron the Barbary Coast | |
| [CHAPTER II.] | |
| THE KNIGHTS HOSPITALLERS OF ST. JOHN. | |
Masters of Rhodes—Driven from Rhodes—Established at Malta—Menaced bySolyman—La Valette—His Preparations for Defence | |
| [CHAPTER III.] | |
| SIEGE OF MALTA. | |
Condition of Malta—Arrival of the Turks—They reconnoitre theIsland—Siege of St. Elmo—Its Heroic Defence—Its Fall | |
| [CHAPTER IV.] | |
| SIEGE OF MALTA. | |
Il Borgo invested—Storming of St. Michael—Slaughter of theTurks—Incessant Cannonade—General Assault—The TurksRepulsed—Perilous Condition of Il Borgo—Constancy of La Valette | |
| [CHAPTER V.] | |
| SIEGE OF MALTA. | |
The Turks dispirited—Reinforcement from Sicily—Siege raised—Mustaphadefeated—Rejoicings of the Christians—Mortification of Solyman—Reviewof the Siege—Subsequent History of La Valette | |
| [CHAPTER VI.][{xvi}] | |
| DON CARLOS. | |
His Education and Character—Dangerous Illness—ExtravagantBehavior—Opinions respecting him—His Connection with theFlemings—Project of Flight—Insane Conduct—Arrest | |
| [CHAPTER VII.] | |
| DEATH OF DON CARLOS. | |
Causes of his Imprisonment—His Rigorous Confinement—His Excesses—HisDeath—Llorente's Account—Various Accounts—SuspiciousCircumstances—Quarrel in the Palace—Obsequies of Carlos | |
| [CHAPTER VIII.] | |
| DEATH OF ISABELLA. | |
Queen Isabella—Her Relations with Carlos—Her Illness and Death—HerCharacter | |
HISTORY OF PHILIP THE SECOND.
BOOK I.
CHAPTER I.
ABDICATION OF CHARLES THE FIFTH.