Northampton, Mass.

[CONTENTS]

CHAPTERPAGE
I.Introduction[9]
II.Weathering and Erosion[22]
III.Stream Work[30]
IV.The Sea and Its Work[51]
V.Glaciers and Their Work[59]
VI.The Action of Wind[71]
VII.Instability of the Earth’s Crust[76]
VIII.Volcanoes and Igneous Rocks[99]
IX.Waters Within the Earth[113]
X.How Mountains Come and Go[130]
XI.A Study of Lakes[142]
XII.How the Earth May Have Originated[158]
XIII.Very Ancient Earth History[164]
XIV.Ancient Earth History[179]
XV.Medieval Earth History[208]
XVI.Modern Earth History[221]
XVII.Evolution of Plants[249]
XVIII.Geological History of Animals (Excluding Vertebrates)[259]
XIX.Geological History of Vertebrate Animals (Including Man)[281]
XX.Mineralogy[307]
XXI.Economic Geology[342]
Glossary of Common Geological Terms[377]

[LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS]

Ledge of Rock with Nearly Vertical StrataFrontispiece
PLATEFACING PAGE
1.Granite Weathering to Soil Leaving Residual Cores of Joint Blocks (Upper picture)[32]
Looking-Glass Rock, Utah. Stratified Sandstone Sculptured by Wind Erosion (Lower picture)[32]
2.Grand Canyon of the Yellowstone River. A Channel Worn by Erosion[33]
3.Gorge of the Niagara River Below the Falls. A Sample of Recent Erosion[64]
4.Winding Stream in the St. Lawrence Valley with Flood Plain (Upper picture)[65]
Davidson Glacier, Alaska, Showing Action on the Valley’s Walls and Floor (Lower picture)[65]
5.Swift Current Valley in Glacier National Park, Formed by Stream and Glacier Action[96]
6.Yosemite Valley from Western Entrance. The Result of Glacial Action[97]
7.An Upbend Fold or Anticline in Maryland[128]
8.Ledge of Igneous Rock Showing Joints (Upper picture)[129]
Fault Fracture in Limestone Formations (Lower pictures)[129]
9.Molten Lava Flowing Over a Cliff in Hawaii (Upper picture)[160]
Dikes of Granite Cutting Old Rock (Lower picture)[160]
10.Lassen Peak, California, in Eruption (Left picture)[161]
Devil’s Tower, Wyoming, Once a Mass of Molten Rock Forced Through Strata (Right picture)[161]
11.Mammoth Hot Springs Terrace in Yellowstone National Park (Upper picture) [224]
Crater Lake, Oregon, Formed by the Subsidence of a Volcano (Lower picture)[224]
12.Archeozoic Rock, Oldest Known Rock Formation on Earth (Upper picture)[225]
Twisted Mass of Stratified Limestone, Surrounded by Granite (Lower picture)[225]
13.Paleozoic Rock, Covered with Oldest Known Animal Remains[256]
14.“Stone-Lily” Stems in Ordovician Strata (Upper left picture)[257]
Various Brachiopods in Ordovician Strata (Upper right picture)[257]
Stratified Limestone of Middle Ordovician Era Containing Fossils (Lower picture)[257]
15.A Landscape of the Coal Age (Upper picture)[288]
Fossil Fern on a Piece of Shale (Lower picture)[288]
16.Restoration of Huge Animals of the Mesozoic Era[289]
17.Skeleton of Two-Legged Carnivorous Dinosaur (Large picture)[320]
Earliest Known Bird Form (Insert)[320]
18.Skeleton of Large Flying Reptile (Upper picture)[321]
Skeleton of a Swimming Reptile of the Mesozoic Era (Lower picture)[321]
19.Appalachians Along New River, Peneplain Upraised Again[352]
20.Glacial Bowlder Left by Ice Sheet (Upper picture)[353]
Esker, Deposited by a Stream in the Great Glacier (Lower picture)[353]